Scientific Ethical Controversy Over Male Circumcision

Rarely, the foreskin does not heal properly or the cut may be made too short or too long. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends circumcision because there are a lot more benefits than risks, but the decision is entirely up to the parents.

According to a published report in the August 16th 2010 edition of the New York Time’s parents are choosing less and less to circumcise their new born sons. The article states instances of circumcision have declined “to just 32.5 percent in 2009 from 56 percent in 2006. The numbers are based on calculations by SDI Health, a company in Plymouth Meeting, Pa. that analyzes health care data”. Why are so many deciding to not have the elective procedure even though the rate of complication is extraordinarily low? What about the arguments for hygiene, sexual satisfaction, psychological and social concerns and, lest we dismiss, religious views?

Circumcision is considered "normal" in America, but what if it isn't as normal as we think? Did you know that most of the world does not participate in this practice? Here are some reasons why, if you have a baby boy, you should reconsider getting him circumcised.

I agree with you that circumcision can be controversial practice that is influenced by people’s ethnicity, cultural practices, religion, as well as individual preferences. The American Urological Association (AUA) believes that neonatal circumcision has potential medical benefits outweighs the risks if it is performed safely by an experienced operator. The immediate risks after circumcision include; bleeding, infection and penile injury. Complications that can occur later following circumcision include; buried penis, meatal stenosis, skin bridges, chordee and poor cosmetic appearance. Nonetheless, when performed on healthy newborn infants as an elective procedure, the incidence of serious complications is extremely low. When performed properly,

Circumcision is a procedure where the foreskin of the male penis is removed, most commonly in newborns. Some studies have found there are some potential benefits to having newborn males circumcised as laid out in the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) Circumcision Policy Statement released in 1999. A few potential benefits include the reduced risk of UTI, HIV and other STDs, and some penile cancers. In fact, more recently, the AAP has released a newer statement in 2012 saying these benefits now outweigh the risks and can justify access to the procedure should families choose to do so. However, there are many other studies that show the risks of having newborn males circumcised. These include reduced penile sensitivity, later in life erectile disfunction, unimaginable pain, and ethical issues. Due to this sensitive topic, parents of newborn males should be given correct and unbiased information about the risks and benefits of circumcising their child. A physician should never recommend the procedure, but instead provide only the facts.

Circumcision has been a debating procedure for many years. It is a procedure that means cutting off the foreskin, or ring of tissue that covers the head of the penis. Circumcision is said to have started many years ago and is a big part is some religions. For example, according to the book of Genesis in the Torah, god made a covenent with Abraham (a Jewish patriarch) in which Abraham and his decendents would be given great land riches, and success. There was only one catch, Abraham, his descendants, any slaves purchased or born in his house hold by the eighth day of life. If any failed to do so then they would be separate from his people and live without the favor of god. Untill this day Jewish people have lived by that and is a strong religious belief. This procedure on the Jews was called a bris or brit milah.

On the two stories from the reading 25 and 26, we can find two sides connections, as I find a different situation between male circumcision and female genital cutting. These two topics show a different relation just on the fact that male circumcision is a procedure for a safety matter in or a protection against STDs and HIV, but referring to (Darby, 273) I quote this line “Laumann found that circumcised men had more STDs, and the United States reports an HIV incidence six-time grater than Japan”. This line clarifies that that circumcision is not a safe practice to avoid any STDs but this actions that families make to their kids at a younger age is just for the matter of safety knowing that is not going to protect them from any type of sexually

This wasn’t meant for our culture. In certain archaic tribes and religion this is practiced and commonly used. That however, doesn’t justify its purpose or make it okay. This is a problem and we should finish what we started, and fix it. Even with is being such a norm in our society we still need to get rid of it. Its origins consist of cultural traditions and religious rites. I don’t support the trimming of the penis for tradition, nor do I practice any religion. This has got to go. Circumcision has no significant purpose in our current society, however, it once had some use; “Although its origins are unknown, earliest evidence of the practice dates from Egypt (2300BC). Where it is thought to have been used original to mark male slaves” Okay,

The practice of circumcision has many benefits or advantages. One benefit is that penile cancer has a lower risk of developing in circumcised men (One in 250,000 Australian men develops this cancer1). Urinary tract infections affect up to 4% of boys in infancy, but is 10 times less frequent in circumcised boys1. Uncircumcised men may be more likely to acquire and transmit the HPV virus that is responsible for cervical cancers1, and penile inflammatory disorders also are more likely in uncircumcised men. Circumcised men are less likely to get skin disorders. Although circumcision may slightly reduce the risk of STD transmission, it does not provide protection against STD’s.

The Jewish culture is one of the biggest religious groups that have male newborns undergo circumcision as part of their religion. Not only is circumcision practiced in the Jewish religion, but is also practiced in the United States, Islam, Australia and Africa. There are many benefits as to why circumcision should be performed some including: “sufficient hygiene, prevention of penile problems including cancer, decreased risk of urinary tract infection, and sexually transmitted infections” (Mayo Clinic). Another pro for this procedure is that the future fertility of the baby will not be affected by the removal of the foreskin of the

“Circumcision is an elective surgical procedure to remove all or part of the foreskin (prepuce) from the penis" (Jarvis, pg. 693, 2012). This nontherapeutic surgical procedure has small risk for complications such as pain, bleeding, swelling, or inadequate skin removal. Serious complications are rare and include excess bleeding, wound infection, and urinary retention (Jarvis, pg. 693, 2012). “The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) states that current evidence…..shows that health benefits of newborn male circumcision outweigh the risks. Male circumcision reduces the risk for men of acquiring genital herpes, genital ulcers, and oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV). Female partners of circumcised men have a reduced risk of acquiring HPV, bacterial

What Allah had stated for us to do, for us to oblige, would surely benefit for us as well. Allah will never ask us to do something that will not have any way affiliated to our own benefits. Everything He asks us to do is something that will help us in our life too, to lead a better life. So we should believe that also applies in circumcision, as it is an apparent issue in races, ethics and religion. Usually the males are the ones that have issues with this. Believe it or not, male circumcision still remains as a hot debate topic among medical experts in the field of medical expertise. Medical experts have different opinions on circumcision, but removing your foreskin would surely cause something to your body. As Islam preached to us to do circumcision,

Infant male circumcision is only still practiced in a few countries, America is unfortunately still one of these countries. With the many reasons that circumcision still exists, I’m still unconvinced of its value in our society. With its dwindling popularity I don’t see it lasting very much longer. Genital mutilation is assault. No one should have their private parts altered without their own consent. We have banned genital mutilation on girl infants, why not on boys?

It is believed that circumcision brings a lot of health benefit to human especially in health. Based on the research by the doctors and scientist, it is proven that this practice would help to reduce the risk of infection. This practice could also help to reduce the chance of contract disease especially that is connected to the reproductive organ.

Morris et al (2016) conducted a study to estimate the prevalence of male circumcision in different countries as well as world-wide. According to this study, the global prevalence of circumcision is about 38.65%, and that of China, with the world’s largest population is around 14%. The percentage of circumcised males in the United States is 71.2%. It was found that cultural and religious factors played a major role in male circumcision than the awareness of health benefits. Most circumcisions in different countries, especially in Muslims, Jews, North Americans, and tribal Africans, are performed for social, cultural and religious reasons. It is estimated that 68% of the circumcised men are Muslims, making them the largest religious group to practice male circumcision.