Scientific Revolution- Ap Euro Essay

During the seventeenth century, the scientific revolution in Europe was at its peak, changing people’s lives through the new techniques of the scientific method. Citizens of western civilizations had previously used religion as the lens through which they perceived their beliefs and customs in their communities. Before the scientific revolution, science and religion were intertwined, and people were taught to accept religious laws and doctrines without questioning; the Church was the ultimate authority on how the world worked. However, during this revolution, scientists were inspired to learn and understand the laws of the universe had created, a noble and controversial move toward truth seeking. The famous scientists of the time, such as Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo and Newton, were known to be natural philosophers, intending to reveal God’s mystery and understand (through proof) the majesty of God. Throughout previous centuries, people had hypothesized how the world and natural phenomenon may work, and new Protestant ideals demanded constant interrogation and examination. Nevertheless, some of these revelations went against the Church’s teachings and authority. If people believed the Church could be wrong, then they could question everything around them, as well. As a result, the introduction of the scientific method, a process by which scientists discovered and proved new theories, was revolutionary because it distinguished what could be proved as real from what was simply

During the Pre-Enlightenment and Enlightenment periods, man began to question that model of the Universe. Copernicus' revolutionary model of the Universe placed the Sun at the centre of the Universe. Though Copernicus' ideas were only allowed to b e published as he was on his deathbed, the Church grudgingly agreed to Copernicus' model of the Universe as it still placed man's solar system in the centre of the Universe. Later, Tycho Brahe and Johannes Kepler adjusted Copernicus' model so that it fit both observation and mathematics. The final Enlightened blow to the Catholic Church came when Isaac Newton proposed-and subsequently proved-that not only is out planet and the solar system not at the centre of the Universe, but that the Universe itself is a machine: it can be governed only be natural and physical laws. This presented a great change in society and proved to be a most fatal blow to the Catholic Church. For, if the Universe is governed by natural and physical laws, how could God possible interfere with events in the Universe? This only proves that the spirit of the Enlightenment was one of changed-and, indeed, such change meant breaking away from the

Over the course of the years, society has been reformed by new ideas of science. We learn more and more about global warming, outer space, and technology. However, this pattern of gaining knowledge did not pick up significantly until the Scientific Revolution. In the sixteenth and seventeenth century, the Scientific Revolution started, which concerned the fields of astronomy, mechanics, and medicine. These new scientists used math and observations strongly contradicting religious thought at the time, which was dependent on the Aristotelian-Ptolemy theory. However, astronomers like Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo, and Newton accepted the heliocentric theory. Astronomical findings of the Scientific Revolution disproved the fact that humans were

The Scientific Revolution was when modern science was essentially established, which came along with the major scientific discoveries took place at the time. Some major scientists that contributed to this major era include Nicholas Copernicus, Tycho Brahe, Galileo Galilei, and Isaac Newton. The scientific revolution took place following the Renaissance, from the mid-1500’s until about 1700. This revolution took place throughout Europe. This occurred because, following the Renaissance and the reformation, people became very curious and wanted to understand how the Earth worked. It was almost as if, being that this occurred after the reformation, that they wanted to either confirm or refute the church’s claims. The significance of the scientific revolution was one of great proportions, it changed mankind’s understanding the importance of science, and of how the Earth and solar system function.

Copernicus discovery was a revelation and it undermined the system of hierarchy in the universe that gave order to the world, which was central to the Christian faith. (7) It was believed that God had created the universe for man, and that he had given the central position in his creation to man, giving people a profound sense of security however Copernicus theory took away man’s central position in the universe. (7) The new scientific discoveries were detrimental to authority as they fostered doubt uncertainty, anxiety and threated belief in the faith (*), however the full implications of these discoveries were not fully understood by people during the scientific revolution. The enlightenment further built on this decreasing belief in political and religious authority, and an increasing belief in the power through human reason (8). Critical reason was believed to be able to be used to combat both ignorance and tyranny. Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) viewed the enlightenment as man emerging from a self-imposed state of immaturity. He believed that with critical reasoning man would be enlightened with the truth, further building on the discoveries of the scientific revolution, the enlightenment enabled was the start of people questioning, what they believed with critical reason. The so called age of reason’ targeted religion and the old way of Aristotelian logic.(8) The discoveries of the scientific

During the Middle Ages period people believed in the idea of a Geocentric universe, the Earth was the absolute center of the universe, church had more power and authority than anybody else. People were influenced and thought that everything they do had to be approved by God. Nicolaus Copernicus challenged the theory that insisted that we lived in a Geocentric universe, and that is where our universe literally changed. Church believes started to doubt the theories that church had adopted in early years. The Scientific Revolution opened

The Scientific Revolution changed society with the birth of “modern science”; it changed the way people thought about the physical world around them. The same spirit of inquiry that fueled the Renaissance, led scientists to question traditional beliefs about the workings of the universe. The conflict all began with Copernicus’ heliocentric model being introduced to the world- going against the Church’s traditional teachings. Nicolaus Copernicus developed the heliocentric model of the universe- stating that the sun is the center, and that other planets revolve around it. Despite his calculations, people disagreed and kept on believing in Ptolemy’s geocentric model.

The Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment, which spanned from the late 1500’s to 1700’s, shaped today’s modern world through disregarding past information and seeking answers on their own through the scientific method and other techniques created during the Enlightenment. Newton’s ‘Philsophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica’ and Diderot’s Encyclopedia were both composed of characteristics that developed this time period through the desire to understand all life, humans are capable of understanding the Earth, and a sense of independence from not having to rely on the nobles or church for knowledge.

Nicholas Copernicus was the first to question the universal truths and teachings of the church. He devised a theory that the earth along with the other planets revolved around the sun. This theory disagreed with Aristotle and the old teachings that the universe revolved around the earth, and that man was the center of the universe.

Toward the latter part of the 17th century, a complete new view of the universe came into being. With the publication of Newton¡¯s ¡°Philosophiae Naturalis

The concept of revolutions in science has been debated by historians and philosophers for decades; especially the notion that there was a singular idiosyncratic Scientific Revolution. Despite this, most historians will refer to the Scientific Revolution as spanning approximately the sixteenth century to the end of the eighteenth century. This period displayed a rise in inductive reasoning, and can also be seen as an epistemological revolution, where scientific discoveries were being based on experimental research, as opposed to the traditional philosophy and faith. The importance of the Scientific Revolution can be attributed to the coincidental multidisciplinary breakthroughs made during the Revolution, which fundamentally transformed societal views of the natural world. Finally, philosophers such as Georg Hegel and Thomas Kuhn have been able to use systematic methodology introduced in the Scientific Revolution to validate their models of progress;, more specifically, scientific progress. The Scientific Revolution was the beginning of the Modern Age, as it was the paradigm shift from the traditional, ancient world science, to the empirical and rational modern science.

The Scientific revolution during the 16th century was the time of development in science, mathematics, physics, and astrology. Changes resulting from the revolution affected virtually all aspects of society such as religion and politics. The church felt threatened by the new discoveries during this time period as it began to affect the thought process of the common people. The Scientific Revolution was such a major milestone for mankind because it "changed the way people looked at the world of nature and man." The people that made the biggest contributions to the changing of thought and method were: Nicolas Copernicus, Johannes Kepler, and Francis Bacon.

The biggest achievement in the Scientific Revolution was the collapse of the ancient-medieval picture of the world. The new ideology was created, which helped to create the modern science. In antiquity, the focus was on natural and cosmic life; during the Renaissance, there was a focus on understanding the world through Humanism and the role of the person in the world. After all, Descartes’s philosophy, which was the foundations of the scientific method, did not deny the creation of the world by God. However, it claimed that from that moment the world began to develop with its internal laws.

The Copernicus revolution set way to a major shift in how we see the universe. The previous understanding that the sun, moon and all other celestial objects in our solar system revolved around the sun went unchallenged for thirteen hundred years before Copernicus suggested a radically different way of thinking about the universe. Copernicus suggested that it was not the stars which seemed to be orbiting the earth but the earth itself that was moving. He suggested that the earth constantly rotated on its own axis every twenty four hours. It turns out the “movement of the heavens” (Russell par.6) had been one huge illusion caused by the constant moving of those that observed the night sky while studying our solar system. As controversial as this

The Copernican Revolution was the beginning of modern cosmology. It was the time when the geocentric model of the solar system was disproved, opening up the possibilities that explained the universe. Newton’s Laws provided another piece of the cosmology puzzle and gave today’s scientists the laws they must work with to explain the universe. Albert Einstein provided yet another theory the universe must operate on, giving scientists even more boundaries for whatever discoveries they make. With the modern addition of advanced telescopes, today’s scientists are able to explain the vastness of the universe, as well as how galaxies, stars, planets, and all the other matter that makes up the universe.