Scleroderma Case Study Summary

Currently, there is no cure or medication that has been proven to modify or slow the course of the disease [5,6]. SCA3 is multifactorial and treatment is individualized; Treatment is determined by the symptoms that are presented from case-to-case. The primary goal of the symptomatic treatment is to improve the quality of lives of these individuals, as there are no curative options [6]. Medications are accepted and widely used to reduce symptoms of certain underlying conditions such as depression, fatigue, and pain. Pain itself plays a large role in the treatment of this disease. Nearly all patients with SCA3 report pain and fatigue associated their other symptoms [4]. SCA3 is treated using a team approach with physical therapy, occupational

A chest X-ray and CT scan result demonstrated a cavitation of the right lower pulmonary lobe. This result alone along with Bob’s history of smoking is a big red flag related to lung cancer. Bob’s history reveals that he has been smoking a ½ pack or more per day for 37 years. According to a study done on the diagnosis, staging, and treatment of lung cancer, habitual smokers have the highest risk of developing cancer of the lung than any other cancer (Herth, Eberhardt, Ernst, 2006). The study also concludes that a related association with lung cancer is swelling of the tissue, lung tumors and/cavitation, lymph in the bronchioles, and paratracheal areas. The swelling can lead to an obstructed airway, which matches Bob’s symptoms as well. Chest pain, stridor, and chest pain are all indications of complications in the respiratory system.

-Stage 1:Involvement of ipsilateral pleura and respiration {affecting just one bronchi either remaining or right lung}

2013 ACR/EULAR Classification Criteria for Scleroderma were developed by the American College of Rheumatology(ACR) and the European League Against Rheumatism(EULAR).Twenty-three candidate items were considered.They were reduced by clustering items and simplifying weights and was then tested by comparing performance in scleroderma patients and control patients, and validated with a group of experts.Skin thickening of the fingers extending proximal to the metacarpophalangeal joints is sufficient for a patient to be classified as having scleroderma. If this is not present, seven other additive items are considered, with varying weights for each.Patients with a total score of ≥ 9 are classified

Recurrent erythema multiforme (EM) is an uncommon skin condition with unclear etiology considered to be a hypersensitivity reaction presenting commonly in young adults with distinctive targetoid skin lesions with or without mucosal lesions. These cases are typically treated with antiviral therapies or immunosuppressive agents in more extreme cases. We present a case of recurrent EM in a young adult that resolved completely after treatment with Otezla (apremilast), an oral medication originally developed for the treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis.

Pneumothorax can have a wide continuum of severity, ranging from simple asymptomatic pneumothorax caused by disruption

Eczema is a skin disorder which some people are born with eczema.Eczema is a skin disorder which some of the symptoms are dry skin, red patches in the skin, itching and painful nights of no sleep because of the itchings. There's no cure for eczema but there is treatment such as bathing, over the counter medication and using bleach, vinegar, oatmeal or evening using baking soda when taking a bath. It helpful to moisture after bathing or showering, by keeping the skin moisture it help the symptoms be calm and reduce the itching , redness and the dyers of skin.

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease which involves several organs, including the skin and the kidneys. A singular cause for SLE is not yet known, but several have been proposed, including a genetic component [1] or the improper removal and/or cleanup of apoptotic and necrotic cells [2]. This causes nuclear antigens, such as double-stranded DNA, the SS-A/RO and SS-B/La proteins and endoplasmatic reticulum fragments [3], to be exposed to the immune system, inducing the production of antibodies. Eventually the antigen-antibody complexes can form plaques in several tissues, causing damage through tissue-specific mechanisms [4]. The damage to the tissues ultimately manifest as symptoms that allow diagnosis of SLE.

In this study, we have presented the data of 40 patients who were divided into two groups. Group I (20 patients) in whom Tru-cut needle biopsy was performed guided by ultrasonography for the diag-nosis of pleural lesions and group II (20 patients) who under-went thoracoscopy for the diagnosis of undiagnosed pleural lesions.

Pulmonary Emphysema falls into the group of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It can be defined as when the airspaces away from the bronchioles become abnormally enlarged, and become permanent. There are many risk factors for this disease such as smoking, the most common. Many symptoms of this disease include rapid breathing that is abnormal, To evaluate if a person has emphysema, a CT scan is the best option because it is able to differentiate between different types compared to a chest x-ray, which is only used to eliminate other possible lung problems such as an infection. Unfortunately, there is no cure for emphysema, but treatment is used to preserve remaining lung tissue such as pulmonary rehabilitation, smoking cessation,

Long term and high dose treatment on bromocriptine reported unexplained disorders related to pleuropulmoary – a rare cancer originating in the lung. It occurs most often in infants or young children, rarely in adults. In this case, treatments were stopped.

Working in the health field, we are bound to come across many patients experiencing unique disorders and conditions that we may not be experts on. However, due to our detailed training, we learn how to properly assess and break down the observed conditions to really determine the best treatment options for our patient. The condition I got to research is called “scleroderma.” When you look at the disorder itself, we can see the two Greek words: sclero and derma. With “sclero” meaning hard, and “derma” meaning skin, we can come to presume that scleroderma is the hardening of skin.

Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune connective tissue disease of unknown etiology resulting in a complex interplay of vasculopathy, inflammation, and fibrosis.[1] More recently, lymphatic microangiopathy was also described.[2,3] Lymphatic vessel involvement seems to start in an early phase of SSc and progresses to a significant loss of lymphatic capillaries in later stages.[3,4] This lymphatic microangiopathy in addition to increased vascular permeability may underlie the de pathophysiology of the early edematous phase frequently observed in SSc, which is most often observed on hands. In patients with diffuse SSc, this feature might be extensive and severe cases of lymphedema have been described.[5,6] The unusual feature of this case

My family represents my world. My parents have to sacrificed work time and career plans to take me to doctor visits and provide me with all the extra medical care needed. Both of my parents have always been there to support and guide me, especially in the difficult times. At the age of three, I was diagnosed with scleroderma. Scleroderma is a chronic connective tissue disease that involves the hardening and tightening of the skin and connective tissues. This disease has made life goals more challenging and difficult to accomplish. But I believe has given me more strength to stay stronger that I can anything accomplish anything that I put my mind to. At school, I have managed to develop into a strong person who can multitask between school and doctor appointments. Despite I have stayed focused on my goals. My goals are to transfer, attend a university

Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) is a complex, polygenic autoimmune disease that affects approximately 75,000 to 100,000 people in the United States. There are approximately 20 new cases per million per year and a total of 250 patients per million [1, 2]. SSc typically presents at approximately 40 years of age and is more common in women than in men [3]. SSc is a very heterogeneous disease where patients can display a variety of symptoms: the three most common symptoms are tissue and organ fibrosis, vasculopathy and autoimmunity/autoantibody production.