Scleroderma

Laboratory: CK 41, aldose 5.7, CCP 5, rheumatoid factor 10.8, ANA negative, ANCA is less than 1:20, P-ANCA less than 1:20, hypersensitivity pneumonitis panel is negative, anti-Jo-1 is less than 0.2, scleroderma antibody is less than 0.2, IDE total 5. CBC within normal limits.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that affects multiple tissues and systems and with significant variable clinical features and organ involvement (Cava, 2010). It is characterized by a chronic, relapsing, inflammatory and often febrile multisystemic disorder of connective tissue with wide spectrum of involvement of skin, joints, kidneys and serosal membranes. The exact etiology is noknown, but it represents failure of the regulatory mechanisms of immune system in which body 's own defenses are turned against themselves (Edworthy, 2005##########).

Primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) is a multisystem autoimmune disorder that induced dryness of the eyes (xerophthalmia) and mouth (xerostomia); salivary gland lesions and dysfunction; also the presence of autoantibodies including anti- Sjogren’s syndrome (SSA) and/or rheumatoid factor (RF).1,3 Primary Sjögren’s syndrome occurs in the absence of other underlying rheumatic disorder while secondary Sjögren’s syndrome is linked with another underlying rheumatic disease, such as mixed connective tissue disease, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), or scleroderma.2,10 In Sjögren’s syndrome all structures and organs of the body may be involved .This disease commonly affected the eyes,

Working in the health field, we are bound to come across many patients experiencing unique disorders and conditions that we may not be experts on. However, due to our detailed training, we learn how to properly assess and break down the observed conditions to really determine the best treatment options for our patient. The condition I got to research is called “scleroderma.” When you look at the disorder itself, we can see the two Greek words: sclero and derma. With “sclero” meaning hard, and “derma” meaning skin, we can come to presume that scleroderma is the hardening of skin.

Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS) is a collection of heritable connective tissue disorders. Either directly or indirectly, Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome has been known or thought to alter the biology of collagen in the body. There are physical characteristics that are common to all types of Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome, including hypermobile joints (joints that move in greater amounts than expected) and skin involvement, such as any of the following: soft, stretchy, saggy, too thin, easy bruising, easy wounding, poor wound healing and/or atrophic scarring. Each type has very specific and unique features. It is very unlikely to have more than one type of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, but as they have features and ‘biology’ in common, each type may appear to have

In today’s day and age Integumentary diseases are looked over as normal and not many people will discuss the topic. Integumentary diseases can be a broad spectrum of different problems with the skin of our body. The Integumentary system protects and fights off anything that may be harmful for our body. In many cases the Integumentary system begins to contract a disease known as adult acne.

This is done by shading part of a drawing of a body where eczema occurs. Each area of the body is allocated a percentage; head and neck (9%), upper and lower limbs (9% and 18% respectively), anterior trunk and back (18%) each and 1% for genitals. Each area is added up on the drawing to give a total score of the area, the maximum score is 100. The intensity score is calculated by rating each area between 0 and 3, where 0 is none, 1 is mild, 2 is moderate and 3 is severe with a maximum score of 18. Finally, a subjective symptom score is also calculated for each subjective symptom where 0 is no symptom and 10 is the worst. A maximum score of 20 is found of this item. A total severity of eczema score is obtained by dividing area by five, multiplying intensity by 7 and dividing by 2 and finally adding subjective score (DermNet NZ,

Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) is a complex, polygenic autoimmune disease that affects approximately 75,000 to 100,000 people in the United States. There are approximately 20 new cases per million per year and a total of 250 patients per million [1, 2]. SSc typically presents at approximately 40 years of age and is more common in women than in men [3]. SSc is a very heterogeneous disease where patients can display a variety of symptoms: the three most common symptoms are tissue and organ fibrosis, vasculopathy and autoimmunity/autoantibody production.

Scleroderma, also named Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) is considered a rare systemic connective tissue disease affecting mainly the skin and vascular system in the form of generalized microvascular obliterative lesions affecting mainly the small and medium sized vessels (Black 1995). Current thinking of SSc vascular disease suggests an autoimmune contribution, chemical modifications of the endothelium and a possible viral trigger were proposed (Pandey and Leroy 1998).

Summary: If you are suffering from any skin aliment, you need to see a dermatologist on time.

The reason I chose to present my skin disorder article is because I think it’s important that we learn about burns and I am talking about the fire, steam, or chemical burns not the burns your friends give you. Burns is one of the top injuring at home and outside home their is an estimate of 3,500 deaths per year, adults and children included, a burn is considered a skin disorder because it affects the outer layer, the epidermis, the dermis layer and it can also affect below the dermis layer, depending on how bad your burn is will be how much of your skin is affected.

People often develop uncomfortable and itchy rashes everywhere on the body. The most common place for the rash to develop is on the face, it forms what is commonly known as the “butterfly rash”. The rash forms on the nose and cheeks of the person that is being affected ("Autoimmune Disease"). In some types of autoimmune disorders very small red dots develop on the skin accompanied by bruises that show up without a reason. Another symptom that affects the skin is when the skin takes on a tight, shiny appearance (Franz and Davidson). The symptoms that affect the skin vary on a personal basis, but they general symptoms are consistent. The symptoms that affect the skin are much harder to treat than the inflammation of the joints because it usually takes immunosuppressive drugs; however, these are dangerous because they make the immune system more susceptible to get more serious illnesses; they are also likely to get anemia because the immunosuppressive drugs also control the non-immune cells ("Autoimmunity and autoimmune disorders."). Other symptoms that might occur are the rash that might appear on the upper body or even on the eyelids (Franz and Davidson). All of the symptoms that influence people’s daily life in a way that can cause even more problems. If a person notices a rash on any part of their body they should go to the doctor to try and identify what it is so that they can save themselves a lot of trouble and unnecessary

A clinical trial was performed to verify the effectiveness and tolerability of low-dose imatinibon (Tyrosine kinase inhibitors that may be a therapeutic option for SSc patients) interstitial lung disease in a cohort of SSc patients unresponsive to cyclophosphamide therapy. Due to published clinical trails that were inconclusive about imatinib effectiveness and showed side effects.

Due to thickened skin from build- up collagen, motor skills will be greatly affected negatively; such as delay occurs in reaching, moves, walks, flows and paces. Also, weakening of stabilization, grips, lift, walks, transport, endures, calibrates and paces. As well as, malfunction can occur depends on the severity in grip, stabilizes, moves.

Thus, testing for ANA or ANA-specific autoantibodies have been incorporated in a number diagnostic criteria. For example, a positive ANA finding was incorporated as a diagnostic criterion for SLE [18, 19]. In 2013, a joint committee of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) formulated a new set of SSc classification criteria which included the ANA-specific autoantibodies, namely; anti-topoisomerase I (anti-topo I or anti-Scl-70), anti-centromere (ACA), and anti-RNA polymerase III (anti-RNAP III [20].