This term is generally is generally associated with immigrants. That is there are few studies on acculturation of African Americans because their history is more related to slavery than immigration. However, it has been acculturation of African Americans from their African culture to the new world culture, America. Contrary to what one may think, acculturation is not unidirectional. Thus, the psychologist John W. Berry imagined an acculturation model with four categories: “assimilation (adopts the receiving culture and discards the heritage culture), separation (rejects the receiving culture and retains the heritage culture), integration (adopts the receiving culture and retains the heritage culture), and marginalization (rejects both the heritage and receiving cultures” (Schwartz, Unger, Zamboanga, & Szapocznik, 2010). African Americans seem to be in the integration category. Thus, African Americans rely mainly on conventional biomedicine, which has improved their health. However, some of them are still relying on traditional medical remedies because of socioeconomic and health disparities, including poverty, lack of heath insurance,
In his book Survival of the Sickest, Dr. Sharon Moalem examines several modern diseases, and suggests that although they are harmful now, they may have once provided our ancestors with an evolutionary advantage that was selected for. The book puts the present day view of disease and medicine in a new light, providing the reader with an entirely new perspective on illness, inheritance, and natural selection. Some of the afflictions Dr. Moalem discusses are hemochromatosis, diabetes, and high cholesterol (hypercholesterolemia). The author offers background knowledge about these conditions, their history, and goes on to explain the evolutionary advantages they may have bestowed upon our ancestors, changing the reader’s mindset and creating new
Biochemical theories have said to be a leading cause of health disparities in minorities. Various research sources confirm that genetics plays a role in the prevalence of disparities among minorities. Family traits such as metabolism, passed down illnesses, and life expectancy may cause an individual to acquire poor health
When the scientific community begins to spread unfounded hypotheses regarding genetic differences between races, particularly differences that attribute poorer health or increased susceptibility to disease among minority groups, a Pandora’s Box is opened of potential dangers which can aid proponents of racist doctrines. Historically, scientific studies that sought to prove biological differences among races have led to violently racist movements like slavery, colonialism, and the Holocaust. Hence, as other pharmaceutical companies follow NitroMed’s path and begin marketing drugs targeted for specific racial groups, the dangers of such race-based therapeutics must be acknowledged.
As we all know, African Americans did not originate from the United States. We were abducted from our homeland and brought here on slave ships by the hundreds. Before we were taken we were living a sustainable lifestyle that fit our basic needs. We ate fruits, vegetables, and meat from game that we hunted and gathered from the land. We also used herbs and natural remedies to cure us of our ailments instead of prescribed medication and radiation treatments. Today, many African Americans face countless health issues such as diabetes, asthma, HIV/aids, high blood pressure, obesity, and the list goes on. Many of these health issues come from the lack of education of our past, where we reside, and many stereotypes that are embedded in us in society.
The NIAAAs effort to convey a clear, compelling, and cogent message was received positively. Initially, the article has a lengthy informational background, complete with detail that gives a substantial overview discussing history and background information surrounding NIAAAs main objective. Practicing clinicians must have the capability to differentiate between race, ethnicity and culture, these terms will allow them the best opportunity to
Survival of the Sickest is a fascinating book that explores why we need disease and how different diseases have evolved from the beginning of time. Author, Dr. Sharon Moalem goes beyond the surface and answers many questions about evolution and disease for example, “Was diabetes evolution’s response to the last Ice Age?” and many others. Dr. Moalem shares how many of the diseases that we call harmful today have actually proven to be beneficial to survival for our ancestors. This book shows how every single thing that our ancestors have done in the past from the environment they lived in to the food they ate can be seen in our genetic code. Survival of the Sickest does not solely focus on the history of disease and evolution, it shows the reader
The Ted X Talk, Tracking ancient diseases using…plaque, with Christina Warinner as the speaker focused on explaining one innovative way to move past the challenges associated with studying diet, infection and immunity of our ancestors. Warinner is an archaeological geneticist at the Center for Evolutionary Medicine at the University of Zurich. She studies how humans co-evolved with their environment, diets and disease by looking at the skeletal and mummified remains of ancient humans. In her Ted X Talk given in Long Beach, California in March 2012 she provided explanations for the difficulties researchers are faced with, the description of the new implementation of Warinner and her team and the results that were found, Warinner shares with others how the evolutionary history of health and human disease is being investigated.
African- Americans had an immensely different experience dealing with disease and illness opposed to white masters. With fewer resources, in some cases, the slaves developed medicine or treatments that were more helpful and advanced than those of the white physicians. For example, the Burdock root was used as a treatment for diabetes. It was also used by herbalists for treating dropsy, gout, blood disorders, rheumatism and fungal infections. (Fitzgerald 2) Back then, the slaves would also use certain methods of healing that didn’t involve injesting a medicine. It was very common for the slaves to believe in using charms and magic for their remedies. Often those considered to be advanced healers would also be considered very skilled with
There are several race traits and risk factors from African-American such as Heart Disease, Cancer, Stroke, Diabetes, and Pneumonia/Influenza. Also they have those risk factors due to cultural difference diet and exercise such as hypertension, coronary artery disease, stroke, end stage renal disease, dementia, diabetes, and certain cancers. Especially, diabetes has more frequency reason of death among Black elders than in other ethnic people except American Indians (Health and Health Care of African American , n.d). In addition, according to the Health and Health Care of African American (n.d.), the death rate for all cancers is 30% higher for African Americans than for Whites, e (Health and Health Care of African American, n.d).
After observing the potential flaws of Pollan’s approach to obtaining real food, I have found ways of obtaining real all natural food, without over spending or worrying about processed ingredients and bacteria/steroids. I strongly believe we can achieve this by using traditional ways of obtaining food, such as hunting, fishing, and house gardening/farming. I myself and like many others have taken action to obtain real food, food that is 100% natural, food that we know exactly where it comes from.
Michael Pollan, the author of “In Defense of Food”, is a journalist, who is engrossed in nutritional science as well as its history. By writing this book, Pollan tries to undermine the food industries and health-claiming campaigns and inform us how they misled us about the way we should eat. The low-fat campaign is an example of this, and as said on page 43 of the book, “the low-fat campaign has been based on little scientific evidence and may have caused unintended health consequences.” In the book, Pollan speaks from the perspective of a journalist who wants to share his ideas and discoveries about nutrition. He sounds a little bemused and apprehensive at the same time. When talking about plant foods on page 64, he tries to understand what
Michael Pollan is an American author, journalist, activist, and professor of journalism at the UC Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism. For the last 25 years he has written about nature and culture and their intersection in what we put on our plates, what is in our farms/gardens and in the environment we have built. In 2010, he was named in TIME’s 100 Most Influential People, and received a few other awards. He does not seem to have a formal education in nutrition, however, based off this documentary he completes thorough research through speaking with professionals, specialists and highly regarded (in this case) makers as well as people who live in the communities he is reporting about.
The main reason for choosing the African American population for this work is because of its unique array of cultural backgrounds. African American communities across the United States are more culturally diverse now than any other time in history with increasing numbers of immigrants from African nations, the Caribbean, Central America and other countries (American Psychiatric Association, 2014). The United States is among the most ethnically diverse nations on the planet (Peterson, K., 2008). With the demographics of the United States constantly changing and as ethnic cultural diversity emerges heightening of culturally competent care is at hand. All cultures have systems of health belief to explain what cause illness, how it can be
In his book Survival of the Sickest, Dr. Sharon Moalem examines several modern diseases and suggests that although they are harmful now, they may have once provided our ancestors with an evolutionary advantage. The book puts the present day view of disease and medicine in a new light, providing the reader with an entirely new perspective on illness, inheritance, and natural selection. Some of the afflictions Dr. Moalem discusses are hemochromatosis, diabetes, and high cholesterol (hypercholesterolemia). The author offers background knowledge about these conditions, their history, and goes on to explain the evolutionary advantages they may have bestowed upon our ancestors. The thought-provoking content changes the reader’s mindset and creates