Second Great Awakening Impact

In the 1800s a Market Revolution began, changing the way in which America operated and in the midst of all that was a Second Great Awakening, causing people to once again, question their religious beliefs and practices. Paul Johnson and Sean Wilentz tell the story of Robert Matthews, or the Prophet Matthias and his followers. Matthias had an unconventional childhood, he became an orphan at a young age and was raised by church elders. He worked under one of the elders to learn the carpenter’s craft. He easily found work but had trouble keeping it because he was always preaching at his fellow workers about their sinful ways. Matthias was eager to make good but continually fell into misfortunes, “which led him on a prolonged and erratic religious journey” (49). The Kingdom of Matthias gained and lost members, had changes in beliefs, and was full of ever changing marriages. Although looking back on it now, Matthias’s messages and beliefs seem almost laughable, but at they time his followers found his message, ministry, and lifestyle very compelling.

America had a huge industrial revolution in the late 1800”s. Many changes happened to our great nation, which factored into this. The evidence clearly shows that advancements in new technology, a large wave of immigrants into our country and new views of our government, helped to promote America’s huge industrial growth from the period of 1860-1900.

The Market Revolution can be described as an early manifestation of capitalism, an era associated with a new sense of individual rights, equality, and freedom. The Market Revolution took place in the early 19th century, and it drastically changed not only the market and commerce of Americans but their personal lives as well. Before the Market Revolution America hadn’t seen any new life changing innovations, most of their goods, such as clothing and farming tools, were still being made from home, and trade was limited by poor roads and little means of transportation. In addition, the poor road system meant that there was little interaction and movement between each state. It wasn’t till the creation of new ways of communicating, steamboats, and the building of canals, railroads, and turnpikes that prompted American expansion. As a result, the United States began to see a movement of settlements westward and the rise cities. The Embargo of 1807 and the War of 1812, led to the cutoff of British imports and the need to establish the first large –scale factories; the rise of factories then led to new employment and a boom in domestic manufacturing (Foner 331). The changes led by the advances in the society of the Market Revolution evidently gave women the opportunity to gain a level of equality in both domestic and work environments, it also gave Americans the

Just as groups had formed against the consumption of alcohol, isolated religious groups began to form against everyone but themselves. Called “Utopian Communities”, religious groups were created that challenged society and it’s religions, which is very similar to the Evangelical movement. There were hundreds of these communities, with one of the most popular being the “Shakers”.9 The Shakers believed in the complete equality of male and females, but at the price of being completely celibate. The only way there could be new members was if there were converts or children who would come into a Shaker village. Most of these utopian communities shared an idea of millennialism, which talks about Jesus returning and a new era of the world beginning. The social impact of this is blatantly clear; many more religious groups were being created, rather than a few sects of religion.

During the late 1700’s, the United States was no longer a possession of Britain, instead it was a market for industrial goods and the world’s major source for tobacco, cotton, and other agricultural products. A labor revolution started to occur in the United States throughout the early 1800’s. There was a shift from an agricultural economy to an industrial market system. After the War of 1812, the domestic marketplace changed due to the strong pressure of social and economic forces. Major innovations in transportation allowed the movement of information, people, and merchandise. Textile mills and factories became an important base for jobs, especially for women. There was also widespread

During the late 1700’s, the United States was no longer a possession of Britain, instead it was a market for industrial goods and the world’s major source for tobacco, cotton, and other agricultural products. A labor revolution started to occur in the United States throughout the early 1800’s. There was a shift from an agricultural economy to an industrial market system. After the War of 1812, the domestic marketplace changed due to the strong pressure of social and economic forces. Major innovations in transportation allowed the movement of information, people, and merchandise. Textile mills and factories became an important base for jobs, especially for women. There was also widespread economic growth during this time period

There were many events that occured prior to the American Revolution and aided in bringing it to fruition. The First Great Awakening in the 1730s and 1740s presented a new logic that had people begin to reflect on the spirituality in daily life, causing a majority of colonists to question the rule of Great Britain over them. The religious impact in the colonists from the Great Awakening caused the ministers to lose authority among those who now studied the Bible in their own homes. With this change in the authority in religion, it also changed the way some people political authority, as if they did not need to rely on the higher power of a minister, the there is no need of a higher power ruling over the government. This thinking also caused the The long term effect of the American

The market revolution changed the economic life for all Americans. It took place in the early decade of the 19th century. Historians and writers as Eric Foner writes in his book Give Me Liberty!, one example is when he talks about the market revolution he refers to serious economic changes that took place between 1800s and around 1840s which included many things such as great improvement in transportation, building steamboats, the telegraph and the Erie Canal, which was about 36o miles long canal from the Great Lake to the Hudson River. This upgrade made it a cheaper, easier and faster transportation. By making these great improvements, products were able to be sent to other places to make more profit. Not only profit came out of it, but this gave

The Kingdom of Matthias: A Story of Sex and Salvation in 19th-Century America, is a historical narrative written by Paul E. Johnson and Sean Wilentz. The work documents the rise and fall of Robert Matthews, who later called himself Matthias, and the cult he headed, which he called a “kingdom.” The authors give a detailed description of the events leading up to the kingdom, and the greater political and religious framework that produced the cult, as well as the cast of characters that sparked Matthews’ journey from downtrodden Anti-Burgher to self-professed prophet and contributed to his initial successes and eventual downfall. The book relays the story of the Kingdom of Matthias in a way that suggests the cult was indicative of the society from which it came. That is to say, Matthias’ cult was a result of a changing American society, one marked by the rise of industrialization and the Market Revolution.

In The Origins of Proslavery Christianity: White and Black Evangelicals in Colonial and Antebellum Virginia, historian Charles F. Irons traces how proslavery arguments shifted and changed over time. The time frame he considers spans 1680-1870, and while Irons considers the broad context of north and southern states he particularly uses Virginia evangelicals as a focal point. In this paper, I will briefly highlight how Irons details proslavery arguments as they changed over time, and particularly what prompted the changes. Irons thesis is that proslavery arguments developed and changed because white evangelicals were in community with black evangelicals, and these relationships with black evangelicals forced white evangelicals to articulate

The Industrial Revolution in America, which peaked from 1870 to 1914, changed how the country did many things from the beginning to now. The Revolution was kick started when Samuel Slater brought manufacturing technologies from the United Kingdom to the United States. He founded the first cotton mill, which was powered by water. This confined the industrial companies to the North. Since that led to most of the industries being in the North, many new ways of transportation popped up. This fueled trading and income for the United States. Many inventions were made to help improve the peoples ' everyday lives. The combination of iron and steel resulted in more railroads

The industrial revolution is a rapid development of industry that happened in Britain in the late 18th and 19th centuries. It was characterized by the development of machinery, the growth of factories and the large production of manufactured goods. Between the end of the Civil War and the early twentieth century, the United States experienced one of the most significant economic technologies from Britain to the United States and founded the first U.S cotton mill in Beverly, Massachusetts. In addition, Federal government actively promoted to industrial and agricultural development. Consequently, rapid growth of factory production, mining and railroad construction was the outcome of the economic growth. America’s economy grew so fast that it

Evangelicalism did not evolve or operate in a space. It is essential to consider the ways in which members of this group participated in and changed their culture, and, conversely, to assess how its social context provided both the ideas which evangelicalism adopted or transformed and those which it actively rejected or resisted. As movements that came of age during the first half of the nineteenth century, Evangelical Protestantism can be understood most clearly in the political, economic, and religious contexts of post-revolutionary American society. Although the movement would come to effect profound changes in its society it was very much in a sense that the culture had grown ripe for its emergence. The tension between

By rejecting the “predictable eighteenth-century style of chapter-and-verse preaching,” Willard and Wells, as feminist orators, opened a wider space for the “feminization of American religion” (56-58), which broadened and changed views on the nature of race and gender in the social order. Prothero locates this feminization of religion in the context of a feminized Jesus, arguing that women “made him [Jesus] over in the light of Victorian ideals of the feminine” (59). This not only demonstrated the strength in those feminine characteristics, but also stressed the radical nature of Jesus’ rhetoric, which feminist orators like Willard and Wells believed advocated equality. Moreover, although the social gospel movement emerged in the early twentieth century as an institutionalized form of Christian socialism, it can be argued that its radical social Christian roots

During the twentieth century, world Christianity had a major shift in which over sixty-five percent of the world Christian population now lies in the areas of Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Due to the exponential growth of the Christian church in these continents, today, nations such as Korea and Nigeria regularly send thousands of missionaries around the world each year, and the global movement of Christianity is now expressed in many different languages and cultures throughout the world. In his book “Global Awakening: How 20th Century Revivals Triggered a Christian Revolution,” Mark Shaw, seeks