Second Great Awakening Technology

Nathan Hatch compares the Second Great Awakening to the Jacksonian era. He states that the men trying to persuade other people to join their religion was like tyrants trying to get people to follow them. That just like the beginning stages of the revolution, this was a time of power struggle for religious leaders. Hatch writes ‘These movements

The Second Great Awakening laid the foundations of the development of present-day religious beliefs and establishments, moral views, and democratic ideals in the United States. Beginning back in late eighteenth century and lasting until the middle of the nineteenth century,1 this Protestant awakening sought to reach out the un-churched and bring people to a much more personal and vivid experience of Christianity. Starting on the Southern frontier and soon spreading to the Northeast, the Second Great Awakening has also been associated as a response against the growing liberalism in religion - skepticism, deism, and rational Christianity.2 Although the movement is well-known to be

With all these travelers from the east and different country made California a “melting pot” of different people and culture. When news that California that had gold began to spread outside of the United State it first hit Mexico and Hawaii lead to the first wave of immigrants with the purpose of mining. Then, news the quickly across the world from South America to Europe and from Australian to Asian, the impact was so big that the text said, “Irish immigration to the United States, already at 100,000 a year in 1847, more than double to 220,000 by 1851” (Gillon, 297). With all these people mining towns would quickly pop up across California, and these towns with every race you could think such as Black, French, Irish, Chinese, Mexican, and etc. The towns were constantly busy with people moving to and from mine and rivers. With a day or a week of work could make you a nice amount of profit, you could entertain yourself for a while before you had to go back to mining with bars, gambling parlors, and whore house. Prostitutes made good money because in text said that, “ One prostitute in California Boasted of making more than $50000in a year.” (Gillon, 297). I could imagine myself being there if I made it there.

The Second Great Awakening was a religious movement that took place in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century. Around the same time, the concepts of Jacksonian democracy was becoming increasingly more well known. This idea stressed the importance of the common individual. It focused on the ordinary people and what they thought about government. Jacksonian democracy also clarified that slavery is an issue. Religiously, The Second Great Awakening strongly The religious concept of earning salvation that grew popular as a result of the Second Great Awakening impacted social reforms such as the temperance and abolitionist movements, prison and education reform, and the formation of Utopian societies. The Second Great Awakening

During the early eighteenth century between 1730 and 1750, a resurgence in religious fervor known as the First Great Awakening developed throughout the thirteen British Colonies. As the European Enlightenment ideas of reason and logic in all things began to grow in Europe and the colonies, the First Great Awakening derived from an attempt to restore the predominance of emotion and spiritual piety in religion. Likewise, throughout the first half of the nineteenth century, the Second Great Awakening again invigorated religious zeal in the United States in response to the growing secularism in America and complacency of religious believers. The First Great Awakening’s prominent figures, Jonathan Edwards and George Whitefield, discredited the socially stratified religious ideology of established churches such as the Christ Church and popularized the religious ideology of fervent personal connections with God and the principles of spiritual guilt and Calvinist predestination, or the selective and predetermined salvation and damnation of people. From the First Great Awakening also arose the decrease in traditional church parish worship and the appearance of emotionally impassioned itinerant preachers in the thirteen colonies and the mass preaching to emotional crowds outside. The Second Great Awakening eroded Calvinist predestination, and instead religions such as Methodists and Baptists professed the equality of all before God and salvation for all who repent for their sins and

“An important American development was continuous-process manufacturing. In continuous-process manufacturing, large quantities of the same product, such as cigarettes or canned food, are made in a nonstop operation. The process runs continuously, except for repairs to or maintenance of the machinery used. Mechanized, continuous processing yielded uniform quantity production with a minimum need for human labor.” (Document 3). Instead of making things by hand or creating one at a time, now with industrialization, work and business are much more productive, as machinery can make 10x more items than one human would. “New technology was introduced in agriculture. Machinery increased productivity so that fewer hands could produce more food per acre. At about the same time, Americans began to apply science systematically to agriculture, such as by using genetics as a basis for plant breeding. These techniques, plus fertilizers and pesticides, helped to increase farm productivity.” (Document 3). As they learned more of machinery, they kept creating more and better versions up until what we use

The key religious ideas and practices associated with the Second Great Awakening reflected Romanticism and were characterized by enthusiasm, emotion, and an embrace of the supernatural. The Second Great Awakening is most known for its large religious "camp meetings that led mass numbers of people to convert through intricate styles of preaching and audience participation. ”(Hankins) At this time, the notion of 'free will' was more heavily established and explored, as well as the idea of nature being beautiful and profound. A problem that arose out of this new religious grounds was that countless Americans had raised concern over the future of the republic and how it rested largely on the power of religious institutions to continue their hierarchical

The Second Great Awakening is a major and fascinating portion of America’s history. Thousands of people were thrown into a religious awakening, while others were dismayed at the events taking place during this time. During this awakening in the early nineteenth century, the religious culture of the United States was strengthened due to a combination of a new religious freedom and hoards of people heading to camp revivals to experience the new “revived and saved” phenomena. The years before the Second Great Awakening were filled with harsh religious limitations and an implied sense of what religion one should be. When it was decided that there would be separation between church and state, many worried that religion would fade out in America;

The California Gold rush of the years 1848-1849 changed the America financial status and the American population. It all started when James Marshall found some shiny metal near the river and he took this to his boss John Sutter and after testing of this metal they found out that this was Gold, But Sutter advised Marshall not to tell anyone about this because this might ruin Sutter’s chance to build a successful agricultural empire in California. But there were rumors and whispers that there was gold in the hills, and this all came to an end when a merchant named Samuel Brannan took some of the gold from the river and showed it to the town of San Francisco, and this caused almost all the residents in San Francisco to move to the hills to find

The Second Great Awakening appeared in New England. The Second Great Awakening had a completely different outlook than the First Great Awakening. The first one had a passive tone that suggested that no matter how much they praised or lived a pure life, they would never be good enough to accept God hand and receive God’s grace. The Second Great Awakening was a 180 from the First Great Awakening. The second Awakening welcomed the idea that God gave sinners a chance to accept God grace when he offered his grace to the people (Butler, Wacker, Balmer, 2011). Unique ways were introduced during the Awakening. For example, it was common to for large crowds to come together for numerous day and praise and dispose their sinners. James McGready was the first Presbyterian pastor to introduce this type of healing. The Second Great Awakening lasted until 1820s where the Baptist and Methodist congregations gaining the most support. The Second Awakening looked at the more emotional side of religion and focused less on the logical side of

How did the First Great Awakening bring together all of the American People? Why was the Great Awakening “Necessary” according to the priests? I believe that the Great Awaking occurred because people were starting to forget about God, praying, the rituals and all their religious side that they were born believing in. These people desired wealth over the word of God and their religious principles. This tough Awakening brought the spiritual side back to America. It made Americans see each other the same, not judging one another but seeing eye to eye and not discriminating each other. It brought faith back to all the believers that thought everything was lost at one point in time.

The Second Great Awakening religious ideas shaped reform movement in the first half of the nineteenth century through the role of women, role of man, and the status of an individual.

The California Gold Rush of 1849 was a very influential event in U.S history. It all started in 1848, in Coloma, California, when a man named James Marshall (See Appendix A) was working on a sawmill for a man named John Sutter (See Appendix B). He was working near a river and something caught his eye. When he went to investigate, he realized that he had discovered pure gold! Marshall wanted to keep this a secret between him and his boss, but word spread quickly, and eventually the whole world knew about this discovery thanks to the New York Herald, which was the first newspaper to publish an article about the Gold Rush. Soon enough, many people started to immigrate to California to see if they could start a new life, and maybe, get rich. While the Gold Rush had many positive impacts to the State of California, which included economic benefits, they were not necessarily as a result of the mining of gold, but opportunities created by the influx of people looking to get rich. The economic opportunities experienced in the State of California as a result of the gold rush included manufacturing, trade, merchant business, agriculture, entertainment market, and newly formed banks and financial institutions (“The Impact of Gold” 2014). Also, people from different countries like China came by ship to see if they could strike it rich. People living on the Eastern side of the U.S only had two routes that they could follow to California, and both took many months and portrayed terrible

In this part of the text, Giedion focuses on the interconnecting relationship between the political, economic, and sociological trend of our time-particularly between 18th to 20th century (the time of industrial revolution). He questions how they came about, along with the historical events that causes them to exist and develop. He begins with explaining that every object in our daily lives has a crucial impact on our behavior. However, our attitude is the leading cause of invention of those objects; creating a loop of action and reaction processes that drives the development of human history (in this case, mechanization in technological advancement). It seems that Giedion focuses more on the impact from mechanization on basic human needs, such as furniture fabrication and household system, in addition to procreation of plants and animals.

Industrialization began to rise is the mid-eighteenth century. Industrialization is defined as, “the process that transformed agrarian and handicraft-centered economies into economies that depended on industry and machine manufacture” (Bentley, Ziegler, 652). Industrializations started implementations of large industries and machines manufacturing that created the need for highly skilled workers. The use of machines led to increased productivity. With increasing productivity, came a need for new and better technology. A large area of industrialization was based around improving existing technological while also developing new machines and techniques for the production process. Overall, industrialization had an enormous effect on the global economy and was the base of the industries we are accustom to now.