Secondary Victimization In The Criminal Justice System

Across the county, crime victim compensation programs continuously offer crucial financial assistance to victims of violence (NACVCB, n.d.). Often, victims of violent crimes suffer financial stress that can be as devastating as their emotional trauma and physical injuries (NACVCB, n.d.). Currently, the National Association of Crime Victim Compensation Boards (NACVCB) reports that every state in America has some form of crime victim compensation. Although no amount of money erases the trauma and grief that crime victims suffer, this aid can be crucial in the aftermath (NACVCB, n.d.).

Such protections however do not come to fruition without the involvement of a government prosecutor. This paper will analyze the essential part that a prosecutor has in criminal proceedings regarding victim’s rights. In particular, it will focus on the relationship between the two parties, the ethical rules and considerations a prosecutor must assess throughout the relationship, and the positive impact that such a relationship can have, not only for the

Outline and explain the three key goals victims can pursue through the criminal justice system.

The sentencing policy must also be victim-oriented. Victims have largely been ignored in the traditional justice system. With changing times and increased emphasis on studies on victimology, taking into account the needs and considerations of victims of a crime has become necessary. The policy must include adequate compensation for the victims for the purpose of their rehabilitation. It must ensure their fair treatment during the entire process of the criminal justice system.

Victim rights are set in place to give victims of a crime ground to stand on to take action and seek justice against the offender. It truly gives the victim a place within the legal system rather than the defendant having all of the rights like it was in the past. “Victims are meaningful; they are more than just witnesses, they are more than just players, they are important participants in the Criminal Justice System” (Franks, A., 2007). Victims are the ones who can stand up against what has wrongfully been done to them and prevail with justice by the offender having to do time for their crime. Not only does this justice help the victim recover, it helps future victims have rights and have an easier time winning their case in the court of law.

Victims are part of the criminal justice system. During a confirmation of the suspect victims can identify the correct perpetrator. This from of identification is known as a line up. Victim counseling and medical assistance are provided for victims. Furthermore, in today’s society can be given an alias and be put in protected services.

This article was relevant and it did indeed presented interest. It does touch upon many different aspects that lead to the impact of victimization has on people. It touches upon role dispossession and social isolation between inmates. Withdrawal and identity loss, was a cause of this. I also

The research points out to analyses of re-victimized women‘s profile, which are victims in more than one police procedure recorded in the WPS in the city of Santarém, State of Pará, Brazil, Their offender can be the same person who did it previously or another, usually with some familiarity or affective tie with the victim.

In the eyes of the victims and victims’ families, punishment is retributive justice. For most of the victims and their

It is important for the victim to feel like she/he has a clear understanding on how the process works. Up until recently there was no concept of victim’s rights or even compensation for the victim. Media and television producers highlight negative aspects of the process in being a victim going through the criminal justice system. Therefore, it is crucial to address any myths about the criminal justice system. It is also import to address myths about being a victim. For example, a male who has been raped by another male may assume that he is going to be labeled as a homosexual, however, genetically, that is not possible. Addressing fears that a victim may have in the aftermath of the attack may bring comfort and stability to the

An individual becomes a victim following an event resulting in an injury, a loss in some manner, as well as incidents creating a hardship (Karmen, 2016). A victimologist studies the impacts of various factors following an incident where an individual has been victimized. There are several perspectives a victimologist may study an incident, this week the question asked for a reference to the anthropological, historical, and economic perspectives as they would relate to a stabbing. An anthropological perspective examines situations through comparison to other regions of the world as well as in events that occurred in the deep past. The historical perspective examines past events in an effort to understand current events. Finally, the economic

Victims of crime, particularly those violent in nature, have their rights violated and experience exceedingly high level of trauma and stress (Appendix B, 2015). It is surprising then, that Criminal Justice Systems (CJS) around the world forgo many victims’ rights and provided limited space for them to interact with the system (Sarre, 1999). Rather systems are built around balancing the rights of offenders against the greater safety and need of the community whilst neglecting individual justice needs of the victims (Sarre, 1999). With limited rights and minimal involvement a victim often becomes a disposable utensil to the CJS (Clark, 2010). They are used by the courts to determine the ultimate truth so justice may be served, with no care for the damage that may be caused in the process and then disposed of the case is concluded (Braun, 2014). In 2011-2012 a victimisation survey revealed that 1.2 million Australians were victims of personal crimes, such as assault, robbery and sexual assault (Australian Institution of Criminology, 2013). Of these victims, only half of the crimes were reported to the police (Australian Institution of Criminology, 2013). Such low reporting rates have been contributed in part to this notion of imbalance offender VS victims’ rights (Braun, 2014). Due to the sensitive nature of sexual crimes, the limited available evidence and victim rights, these crimes tend to carry the lowest reporting rates (Braun, 2014). During the latest Australian

There are a myriad of victimological perspectives; positivist, radical and critical. Positivist victimologists possess the view that crime is “…a focus on interpersonal crimes of violence, and a concern to identify victims who may have contributed to their own victimization” (Miers, 1989:3). In addition, it is theorized that the responsibility is demonstrated by the victim, suggesting offences are victim precipitated. For example, women consenting to sex but then changing minds or not resisting sufficiently (Amir, 1971). Insinuations consequently arise that women may invite rape, thus victim precipitation by this means became connected with victim blaming. Nevertheless, the positivist approach does not recognise the procedure of social construction

When it comes to the problems that are face by crime victims many problems can come into play. Many examples are; Problems with the losses of Economic, problems with medical care costs, problems with property damage and even property losses and also problems with loss of earnings.

The study of victimology includes several different theories. These theories are victim-based, interactional, societal-based, and ecological. However, before on can begin discussing these theories, the history of the development of victimology theories need to be broached. Although victimology may lack a singular theoretical foundation based within the field itself, it can be said that the field as a whole represents the application of several different theoretical insights that were developed from other disciplines. The first of these other disciplines is criminology. From his work, Vold (1958) was able to provide a framework for categorizing theories that relate to victimology. Within this paper the discussion will begin with the early spiritual explanations, followed by