While thirteen-year-old Genie’s behaviors may have been indicative of intellectual disability, her lifelong experience of severe isolation, neglect, and abuse raised a question for the scientists in Linda Garmon’s (1994) Secret of the Wild Child: Was Genie born intellectually disabled or were her abnormal behaviors and lack of language a result of brain damage caused by the extremely adverse environmental experiences Genie endured during development? To assist in reaching an appropriate diagnosis and subsequent treatment planning, I would choose to do a behavioral assessment, specifically, behavioral observation and recording to evaluate Genie. This method of evaluation involves direct observation of a child’s behavior within everyday settings
In the early 1900’s autism was a completely misunderstood concept and any child who was living with it was assumed to be living with “childhood schizophrenia” and developed much slower than children without autism. A four year study of Donald Triplett gave Dr. Kannar a better understanding of what autism was and what it caused certain people to do. The main question was, does it affect the child’s development? Living with autism can affect a child’s development due to the fact that they don’t have a long attention span, can cause them to have a repetitive behavior, along with trouble in social situations whether it be verbal or non verbal.
* However there were other factors to consider in Genie’s case. Not only did she miss the critical period for learning language, she was also horrifically abused. She was malnourished and deprived of cognitive stimulation for most of her childhood. Researchers were
An intellectual disability, like the one had by Roland Johnson and about one percent to three percent of people, is defined as “a disability that is present at birth or occurs in the developmental period (before the age of 18) and is characterized by significant sub-average intellectual functioning, existing concurrently with related limitations in 2 or more areas of adaptive functioning” (Daul). Roland Johnson, though his life was hard, did not let his “limitations” limit him.
The ABAS II is a comprehensive measure that assesses an individual’s behavior scale. It was developed by Patti Harrison and Thomas Oakland based on information gathered in a matter of eight years. The standardization has samples for the Parent/Primary Caregiver and Teacher/Daycare Provider Forms for children ages birth to five years comprised 2,100 individuals. The standardization samples for the Parent and Teacher Forms, and Adult Form is comprised of 5,270 individuals that represent the U.S. population. (Harrison & Oakland, 2008) ABAS-II was designed to assess how a person responds to daily demands, and to determine eligibility for services. The ABAS-II has new features in its test that encompass infant-pre-school rating forms, and it has an expanded structure that focuses on the current American Association of Mental Retardation (AAMR). (Sattler, 2002)
On November 4th 1970, Los Angeles child welfare authorities became aware of the abuse, neglect, and social isolation of Susan “Genie” Wiley. Upon farther investigation, they discovered that Susan, a thirteen-year-old, had been severely maltreated by her father. Susan’s father came to a conclusion early in her life that she was socially unfit or “retarded’ and was ashamed of her. He hid her in the back bedroom of the Wiley home and kept her from neighbors, family, and friends. Thus leaving Susan unable to develop language skills learned from communicating and interacting with other people. She was taking away from her home and placed in the care of the state. Scientist and Psychologist took this as an opportunity to test hypotheses and theories on language acquisition skills. Susan learned gradually, but because she was not exposed to early childhood language skills, she was not able to retain the information permanently. Even today in her late fifties, she is ward of the state in California and has limited verbal skills.
Looking from a neurobiological perspective, we know very little about Emma’s brain; however, we do know her conduct is of concern to both her mother and pediatrician. At a crucial stage of brain development, Emma experienced sexual abuse. One could conclude that her brain was neurologically affected which has resulted in behavior problems due to the condition of her environment.
The treatment produced replicable suppression of behavior problems across four disabled children. The results were reliable with the hypothesis, which states that some child problem behaviors are seen as nonverbal means of communication. The study consisted of two females and two males. Two of the individuals have brain damage, one is
I begin observing Faith Sanchez a six-year-old, who is in the first grade at Emerson Elementary School on November 7, 2017 over the course of three days. The observation took place at the child’s home, where we had access to the materials needed for the different set of skills that I would be conducting during the observational period. The reason for observing Faith was to see if her Physical, Cognitive and Psychosocial domains are developing at the average range for a school age child or if she was showing signs of atypical development.
Russ Rymer manages to blend science and literature and philosophy expertly, so that the book GENIE: A Scientific Tragedy sort of defies genre. With any kind of encounter of Genie’s case by reading this book, videos anything it is very unlikely that anyone with forget about. I’ve watched the video and read this book, Rymer‘s book isn’t much about the horrors of the abuse it’s more about the forbidden experiment. The question if a child was raised in complete isolation, with any human contact, would that child acquire a language, if so what kind of language? That topic was the major focus on this case.
Spending the majority of her time in confinement, she never learned how to vocalize or acquire any language. This would be one of the main components researchers would focus on. Living on only small amounts of food caused Genie to be underweight and malnourished. She did not look like a 13-year-old, but rather half her age. She walked like a bunny and had poor eyesight. She had very pale skin and often threw tantrums. The child barely showed any sign of affection or attachment towards individuals including her mother and brother. She was significantly different from most children her age. As individuals typically continue to mentally ameliorate throughout his or her life, it appeared as though Genie would not. She also had an abnormal brain wave patterns. Researchers would ponder the intricacies of Genie’s early childhood for these very reasons and debate on they should help
Several evaluations were performed on Frieda , including two behavioral observations; a speech/language checklist; a hearing and vision screening; a Conner’s’ Teacher Rating Scale; a Conner’s’ Parent Rating Scale; the Wechsler Intelligence Scale-Third Edition (WISC-III); the Woodcock-Johnson II Tests of Achievement (WJ III ACH); and an Adaptive Behavior Inventory (ABI).
Genie was abused and isolated for most of her childhood and was a case that scientists could not duplicate to observe the effects. She was a case study that cannot be generalized to a population because encountering a child that has not developed speech due to isolation and abuse may not ever be found again. The Genie case study has contributed and proved that it is difficult and almost impossible for a child to develop a certain level of a language after the “critical period”. Future research will now be implicated by the fact that if a hemisphere of the brain is not stimulated, “normal language acquisition …. will proceed less efficiently” (102) It was stated that “One thing is definite; when Genie was discovered she did not speak.” (86) It is rare to find a thirteen-year-old that cannot communicate through the articulation of a language and scientists took advantage of the opportunity in front of them. Scientists can never ethically replicate this case study and Genie’s development of language cannot be narrowed down to her isolation or the fact that she had a mental illness when she was born. Although, even if Genie was mentally ill when she was born, a definite factor in Genie’s lack of development of language is that she was
Nature is a key to a child or adult this is not something that can be chosen or changed, but can be changed by the person over time. Nature is all up to genetics which is what makes up you and or personality. I believe that it is 50% of nature. The little girl named Genie was stuck on a seat her how life of 13 years. When they found her she could barely move. But she couldn't talk because no one taught her, and her father hated noise so she couldn't make any sounds.The only words she knew we're “sorry” But through all of that she was still “Genie” non of this “changed” her in any way. Yes she has scars from the abuse but she always was herself she probably had the same. She was the only one of two to survive. She probably
Some sign’s of Adam’s disorder was that he was not babbling or making baby noises like other one-year-old babies, but would only make random noises with no intended or direct target. He also did not seem to want to be around or play with the other children, but was entertained just with his own sense of self and was not interested in very many things, such as toys or movies. If he was encouraged to broaden his interests, Adam would have extreme tantrums, and when he did play with toys he was entertained by them by odd and peculiar ways, and even demanded that the order in which he left his figurines, remain that way, referred to as stereotyped motor movement. He put these figurines in order based on certain characteristics. He ignored people other than his mother and really liked certain foods, while really hating other foods. He seemed to express himself about anything by throwing tantrums, that would often leave Adam hitting himself. All of these symptoms occur during very early childhood and are categorized with Autism Spectrum Disorder.
While a mother was escaping an abusive relationship in search of welfare assistance, she took her thirteen-year-old daughter along with her. “Genie,” as she was called, intrigued the social worker in the welfare office. She was mesmerized by Genie’s posture, size, and stance. Curiously enough, the worker thought Genie might have been a case of unreported autism in a possible six- to seven-year-old (Rymer 1993). As a result, the worker notified her supervisor, who contacted the police.