Selected Companies Pro Forma
Apple has become very successful in the technology industry. The company has increased its net sales from 2006 to 2007, which proves they are making good capital budgeting decisions. A pro forma income statement and balance sheet showing the future planning and growth of a company. The pro forma income statement and balance sheet will explain a cash budget, underlying assumptions of calculations, calculations of different ratio analysis, and make recommendations to management. “The most comprehensive means of financial forecasting is to develop a series of pro forma, or projected, financial statements” (2005, Block & Hirt, p. 88, chap. 4).
Financial Statements
A set of financial statements include an income
…show more content…
Provision of tax is not percentage of sales and calculates based in income before tax. Since goodwill does not change with sales, it remains at the same level. The percentage increase does not affect the acquired tangible assets so values remain the same. Accounts payable receives adjustments in order to equalize the balance sheet. Common stock will not change with assets and stays the same. The retained earnings increase with the net income for 2008. Accumulated other comprehensive income may not change with sales and is taken at the same level.
Ratio Analysis
“The use of ratio analysis is rather like solving a mystery in which each clue leads to a new area of inquiry” (2005, Block & Hirt, p. 55, chap. 3). These ratios help to make pro forma determinations for future years. The first step to making any predictions is to review the current year and past year ratios, making comparisons and determining areas of strengths and weaknesses. Larger companies may require a review of the past five-year’s ratios to obtain detailed analyses of these areas. For this review, we are concentrating on the years 2007 and 2006 and have prepared the following rations for review:
Liquidity & Asset Utilization Ratios 2007 2006 Current Ratio Current Assets 21,956.00 14,509.00 Current
Financial ratio analysis is a valuable tool that allows one to assess the success, potential failure or future prospects of the company (Bazley 2012). The ratios are helpful in spotting useful trends that can indicate the warning signs of
Secondary information is collected for this case. This case study limited only one techniques of financial analysis that is Ratio Analysis and also taken a single company. Thus the conclusion of the analysis carried out in a professional manner will be able to correctly describe the evaluation of the company and to substantiate the user’s decisions.
Ratio analysis are useful tools when judging the performance of a company by weighing and evaluating the operating performance (Block-Hirt). There are 13 significant ratios that can separate by four main categories,
• Present 5 years of statements – Ratio – Trend Analysis – See if ratios are improving
Ratio analysis is a very useful tool when it comes to understanding the performance of the company. It highlights the strengths and the weaknesses of the company and pinpoints to the mangers and their subordinates as to which area of the company requires their attention be it prompt or gradual. The return on shareholder’s fund gives an estimate of the amount of profit available to be shared amongst the ordinary shareholders; where as the return on capital employed measures an organization 's profitability and the productivity with which its capital is utilized. Return on total assets is a profitability ratio that measures the net income created by total assets amid a period.
Ratios of ten companies are presented in this study. The companies are all headquartered in the United States and the financial statements are the most recent annual financials for the respective fiscal years ending in 1999 or 2000.
This paper examines financial ratio analysis by defining, the three groups of stakeholders that use financial ratios, the five different kinds of ratios used and their applications, the analytical tools used in analysis, and finally financial ratio analysis limitations and benefits.
Using the assumptions given in the case, all elements of income statement and balance sheet can be projected for next three years 2010, 2011 and 2012. Sales cycle of the products of the company is such that sales of a particular product increases initially for few years and then starts to decline as the new
Pro-forma income statement to illustrate interest and dividend payment ability is based on various assumptions as shown in Exhibit 1. Expected cases are the measures used in the following discussion. Conservatism is adopted throughout the assumptions especially sales growth rate, credit rating and Medicaid penalty assumptions.
In this case the concentration is on “Company Performance Measurement”, using the “Ratios”, before we answer to the question, we have to focus a bit on the “Financial Ratios”
Ratio analysis are useful tools when judging the performance of a company by weighing and evaluating the operating performance (Block-Hirt). There are 13 significant ratios that can separate by four main categories,
In 2007, total assets have increased significantly by 48% from 2006. Current assets are 86.62% of total assets in 2007, up from 84.33% in 2006. From the trend over the last 5 years (2003-2007), Cash and Cash Equivalents (CCE) have grown strongly by 175% while total current assets have grown significantly by 273% in the same period. This growth in current assets is also reflected in Apple’s Quick Ratio and Current Ratio which have improved marginally in 2007 to 1.83 and 2.36 respectively. Apple`s ratios are favorable compared to its competitors, e.g.
In terms of the financial outlook for the O.M Scott & Sons Company for the next few years, there are several notable changes that occur as a result of the changes management enacted through 1957-1961. It is important to note that both the pro forma income statement and balance sheet assume a 23.5% annual compounded growth figure based on the years stated earlier. Emphasis will be placed on forecasted numbers for the years 1962-1964 in order to provide readers with projected figures established through several key assumptions.
Firms and Companies include ‘Ratios’ in their external report to which it can be referred as ‘highlights’. Only with the help of ratios the financial statements are meaningful. It is therefore, not surprising that ratio analysis feature are prominently in the literature on financial management. According to Mcleary (1992) ratio means “an expression of a relationship between any two figures or groups of figures in the financial statements of an undertaking”.
Several academicians are moving towards elimination of ratio analysis as an analytical technique in assessing the performance of business organisations. Theorists downgrade arbitrary rules of thumb, which includes company ratio comparisons, widely used by practitioners. Since attacks on the relevance of ratio originated from esteemed members of scholarly society, this poses the question if ratio analysis is limited to the world of “nuts and bolts”? Can we bridge the gap rather than sever the link between traditional ratio analysis and the popular rigorous statistical techniques which is more popular among academicians in recent years (Edward Altman 2012).