Serotonin and Its Uses Essays

Other clinical studies have implicated fluoxetine’s effects on serotonin neurotransmitters, based on the fact that serotonin is synthesized from the essential amino acid tryptophan. Patients taking fluoxetine who were in remission from major depression were given a special diet which was tryptophan-free. This rapidly decreased plasma serotonin levels, and after a short period of time (as little as 30 minutes) many of the patients began to have signs of specific depressive symptoms. Later, the reappearance of more general depressive symptoms were observed in a majority of the patients. Thus it was shown that fluoxetine has a profound effect on the neurotransmitter serotonin, and decreased

Tryptophan is a large neutral amino acid present in living organisms, which is precisely one of the twenty L-amino acids incorporated in proteins and one of the nine essential amino acids which cannot be endogenously synthesised and needs to be supplied with ailments. It is a precursor for various neurotransmitters such as serotonin, which is essential for maintaining mood balance and the regulation of appetite. It is also regarded that a deficit of the neurotransmitter may lead to depression and other mood disorders. With that being said, intake of serotonin precursors is essential for the amount of serotonin in the brain.

There are millions of neurotransmitters that flow through are body, but there are only a few that influence our behavior. Acetylcholine which controls our retention, knowledge, and voluntary movements. Excessive amounts of acetylcholine can cause unhappiness, while an inadequate amount of it can cause dementia. Serotonin controls our sex drive, forcefulness, and impulsiveness. If a restricted amount of serotonin is released it can increase sadness and unease. Dopamine regulates how we concentrate and how our movements are coordinated. An excessive amount of dopamine can result in Schizophrenia. Levels of dopamine can be increased by drugs, and other various ways. Norepinephrine cover our digestion and energy. A limited amount of this can increase

Serotonin is a neurotransmitter created by a biochemical process that combines tryptophan, tryptophan hydroxylase, and proteins (McIntosh, 2017). Serotonin helps regulate the cardiovascular system, renal system, immune system, and gastrointestinal system. It is formed in the brain and intestines and is mostly found in the digestive system. It can also be found in blood platelets and other places throughout the central nervous system. Since it can be found widely across the body, it plays a role in a variety of psychological and bodily functions. It has a strong influence on many psychological disorders such as depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, addiction, and possibly even attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. It also affects

The mechanism by which it accomplishes this is by increasing serotonin levels in the brain. Serotonin is the neurotransmitter that is most commonly associated with chemical imbalances that lead to depression. In fact, the most common antidepressants prescribed by doctors are those that limit the reuptake of serotonin by a cell and thus increase the levels of extracellular serotonin. Adrafinil also increases the levels of extracellular serotonin and thus can improve mood, reduce anxiety and limit the crippling effects of depression.

One of the largest trends in neuroscience in the United States today is the usage of a pharmaceutical treatment option for those suffering from depression. While there are a host of other potential treatment options ranging from psychotherapy to electric convulsion therapy (for the most severely depressed patients), anti-depressant medication is far and away the most popular treatment. In fact, in 2011 more than 1 in 10 Americans over the age of 12 was using a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) in order to combat their depression (Krystal, 2011). The medical and psychological community has had a raging debate regarding the efficacy of SSRI’s since they became widely prescribed in the late 1990’s. This paper will summarize

The accumulation of serotonin in the body will make a kind of symptoms of serotonin syndrome.(SS)

Serotonin syndrome is a potentially lethal disorder triggered by excessive serotonergic bustle in the nervous system, it depicts as mental status vicissitudes, autonomic unsteadiness, and neuromuscular hyperactivity (Volpi-Abadie, Kaye, & Kaye, 2013). According to Volpi-Abadie, Kaye, and Kaye (2013), serotonin syndrome could happen amid individuals utilizing multiple serotonergic drugs or amid individuals with substantial exposure to a sole serotonin augmenting drug, the diagnosis is usually made with the utilization of Hunter Serotonin Toxicity Criteria or the Sternbach’s criteria. The diagnosis of Serotonin syndrome diagnosis necessitate the existence of one or more of the classical traits, namely inducible clones with

Monoamines are neurotransmitters that include serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine. Numerous antidepressant drugs increase synaptic levels of serotonin, but they also enhance the levels of the neurotransmitters, norepinephrine and dopamine. In the body there is another monoamine called monoamine oxidase that has the effect of breaking down serotonin and norepinephrine. Therefore, by blocking the effect of the monoamine oxidase, there is a increase of synaptic concentrations of monoamines and te symptoms of depression are relieved. This discovery led to the monoamine hypothesis of depression over 30 years ago, which proposes that the underlying biological basis for depression is a deficiency of central noradrenergic and serotonergic systems and that targeting this neuronal lesion with an antidepressant would tend to restore normal function in depressed patients. A class of drugs known as monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOI) have this effect. However, although helpful to many patients, the monoamine theory of depression does’t address othes issues such as why antidepressants can treat panic disorders, OCD etc. and why enhacing monoamine concentrations isn’t always effective in treating depression. (1) (2)

An example of a monoamine is the chemical, serotonin. Serotonin is considered a indolamine neurotransmitters that affects and regulates a person’s mood and is also involved with sleep and dreaming as well as eating, arousal and pain. It also If a person has low levels of serotonin it could cause depression but drugs that are considered a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, such as Prozac, can help to raise the levels of serotonin. About 80% of the human body’s serotonin is found in certain cells in the gut. While here, the serotonin helps to regulate intestinal movements. The remaining 20% of the body’s serotonin can be found in the central nervous system where it regulates many factors such as mood, sleep (including dreaming), muscle movements, and appetite (including digestion). The serotonin also is involved in cognitive functions such as learning and memory The serotonin chemical carries messages between different nerves. It can be found mostly in the brain, intestines, and blood. After an action potential, the serotonin is released by using the vesicle monoamine

Serotonin is a brain chemical that regulates the nervous system, which includes the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. Serotonin appears to play a role in all types of behavior including appetite, emotions, movement, thinking, and response to stress. Excessively high levels of serotonin in the body can cause serotonin syndrome, which is a very dangerous condition.

There are a variety of treatments to treat severe depressive episode such as antidepressant medications such as Sertaline hydrochloride 100mg daily-PO and Venlafaxine 37.5mg- PO- nocte showed effect in treating severe depressive episodes by increasing available serotonin leading to improved or elevated low depressed mood. Mrs. Brown’s mood slightly improved after taking medications as per charted (O’Brain, 2013). Antipsychotic drugs such as Quetiapine 12.5- PO- mane/nocte showed effect in treating severe depression by reducing the intensity of negative perceptions as they work on the dopamine receptors found in the brain (O’Brain, 2013).

Serotonin is also often times associated with dopamine, however it has more to do with a person’s mood rather than just one specific emotion of happiness/enjoyment; serotonin involves all varieties of emotions. A lack of this neurotransmitter is commonly associated with chronic depression; therefore, the lack of serotonin is managed using anti-depressants which are used to balance out the lack of serotonin that is being created in the brain which allows the individual a more broad range of emotions.

According to research, it is advisable to take 5-HTP instead of Serotonin supplements since 5-HTP has been found to easily accesses the brain from the

Serotonin, or 5-hydroxytryptamine, was classified as a “putative neurotransmitter in certain parts of the brain” in 1972.