Sex and Short-Term Memory Essays

The structure of men and women’s brain differ, which is the underlying cause to the differing communication skills (“Men and Women”). A study was conducted to examine the structural differences of men and women’s brains and the results provided an explanation to why men and women behave differently (“Men and Women”).

The structure of men and women’s brain differ, which is the underlying cause to the differing communication skills (“Men and Women” 12). A study was conducted to examine the structural differences in men and women’s brains and the results provided an explanation for why men and women behave differently (“Men and Women” 12). “According to the findings…, stronger structural connectivity in motor, sensory, and executive functions matched higher motor and spatial skills in males” (“Men and Women” 12). Men tend to create bonds on the foundation of activity (Tannen 51). Their bonds are not predominantly focused on talking, but instead tend to emphasize activity (Tannen 51). The findings of this study support the activity based relationships due to the strong motor functions found in the male brain. On the other hand, “In females, subnetworks associated with social cognition, attention and memory task had higher connectivity and matched improved memory and social cognition skills” (“Men and Women” 12). These results justify why women

Differences related to gender in spatial memory are most widely described and studied of cognitive sex differences. In 1974 Maccoby and Jacklin established that males usually perform better than females in measures of spatial performance, and this discovery has been constantly replicated in multiple studies covering various developmental stages (McGivern et al. 1997; Lewin et al. 2001) and spatial tasks (Dabbs Jr. et al. 1998; Driscoll et al. 2005).

Differences in brain structure between males and females result in important differences in perceptions, emotional expressions, priorities and behaviors. (*) Relationship traits, problem solving approaches, mathematical abilities, reactions to stress, language, emotions, brain size, pain perception, spatial ability and susceptibility to disorders are just some areas in which men and women react differently because of their differences in brain structure. (*) To some scientists and theorists these many influential biological differences between men and women make gender roles inevitable. (*)

“Men have better distance vision and depth perception, and usually better vision in lighted environments. Women have better night vision, see better at the red end of the light spectrum, and have better visual memory.” (Steadyhealth website, 2015, Difference between male and female structures (Mental and Physical))

For the purpose of this paper, I will only focus on three hypotheses and three specific elements of the research. First, given that boys are more likely to play video games more often and engage in more psychical activity they should be more adapt to remembering pictures presented dynamically then statically; opposed to girls who were expected to remember pictures that were presented statically. Next, congruent with the gender schema theory, the researcher hypothesized that both males and females are more likely to remember and be able to recall stimuli that is related to one’s sex and have a hard time processing and recalling stimuli counter stereotypical to one’s sex. Lastly, gender-stereotypical stimuli are predicted to be recalled better under intentional conditions rather than incidental. For this research, nearly 160 children and adolescents were presented with 36 gender stereotypical toy photographs that is, they were highly classified as being masculine, feminine, or neutral. In addition, each was categorized based on its function. The participants were randomly assigned to two groups; the incidental memory condition and the intentional memory condition. Half of the participants were first presented with 36 static pictures (SOM) and the other half presented with 36 dynamic pictures (DOM). The participants in the SOM were presented with photographs appearing in the center of the screen for nearly 5 seconds and were

The goal of this paper is to focus on how gender affects what people see in optical illusions. The differences of male and female brains affect how boys and girls act and perceive the world. If there’s a difference in the vision of boys and girls then there will probably be a difference in how they see an optical illusion. Studies show that there are multiple differences in the male and female brain. There are different types of optical illusions, but this paper is mainly about ambiguous illusions because that is what will be used in the experiment. Ambiguous illusions are pictures with multiple images in them. Evidence

Other explanations for the variations include a large amount of estrogen hormones in females, which is the primary reason for the differences in the parts of a woman’s brain. According to Bruce Goldman, a science writer for the Stanford Medical School’s Office of Communication and Public Affairs, a woman’s hippocampus, a region of the brain that processes most learning and memorization, is generally bigger than a man’s and functions in a distinctive way. Better learning and memorization skills are especially important when it comes to schooling, which explains why every two men who earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in 2010 were matched by three women achieving the same (Rosin 306). This is not the only variations between the brains of each gender; the corpus callosum, the white matter in the center of the brain that helps the left and right lobe “talk” to each other, is larger in females, thus the reason that womens’ brains unfailingly show stronger communication between hemispheres (Goldman). Activity between these halves are important for speech as well as comprehension. Different sizes of different parts of the brain are part of the reason why women are biologically more capable in certain fields of work than men.

The authors discuss how “girls and boys tend to have different cognitive strengths and weaknesses.” Specifically, girls excel at tasks relying on verbal and

than men. When on a road trip, my mother and I are pretty good at reading maps. My brother and father on the other hand, are horrible at reading maps. Well that’s not including google maps, which tells them the directions. I would say that specifically, I am good at Math and Science, but I am also good a History and English and love designing things. So, that’s kind of weird because when it comes to spatial memories, math and science people are supposed to be good with directions. This would go along with the idea of the two hemispheres of the brain. Right hemisphere dominant people are more creative, musical, artistic. Left hemisphere dominant people are more factual, science and math minded. So, since I enjoy and am pretty good at activities from both sides then I must have equally dominant

Men are better at memorizing words associated with their interests, like baseball or car. So obviously, gender does affect memory, but just does not work as what we predicate. It seems like people are more capable of memorizing the term that related to cue socially defined roles and objects assigned to those roles. Klucken stated, “Pants are now ‘masculine and feminine’ whereas once pants were only male. We learn things that are culturally acceptable very quickly, especially in more urban areas as social interactions generally occur more often. The more times you are told ‘this is for boys, that is for girls’ the more likely you are going to associate that object with the gender society assigns to it, and it's importance in general and for that gender role.” So does it mean for short-term memory women will primarily remember the feminine objects but men will more easily remember the masculine objects?

These differences are commonly discussed, “The general statement that men and women respond and behave differently under the same circumstances is true; demonstrable differences in behavior and in general brain operations have been carefully documented and described”(McGraw-Hill,1998). For example, male babies are commonly more aggressive than females; this tendency often continues throughout life. As a child, females often learn to read earlier than males and use this skill to better tasks involving the alphabet. Although there are some women who can break the stereotype, the generality that men are better at spatial operations still holds true. Men tend to be better at finding their way through a maze or using a map. Researchers, from Norwegian University of Science and Technology, decided to test these generalities by administering testosterone to women in the test group. FMRI imaging was used to test the subjects. The results showed that “ men in the study took several shortcuts, oriented themselves more using cardinal directions and used a different part of the brain than the women in the study”(NTNU,2017). Women without the testosterone supplement tended to solve the maze using complex routes, instead of following a path directly to the destination. Once the women received a drop of testosterone, they suddenly began to use cardinal directions and use a more

Men and women also have many different psychological and behavioral traits. Women perform better with verbal fluency,

When we took the facial recognition test and the visual-spatial test I scored a 53, for the facial recognition and average for the visual-spatial test. My scores almost matched the theories about the male and female brain differences. On average it is

Knowing the differences in the brain begins to give some understanding on how and why females and males learn differently. There are many basic differences in learning. Like stated previously females are better at verbal skills which makes them better at reading and writing and causes them to use words as they learn, and males are better