Sexual Reproduction: Article Analysis

| Given the contentious debate surrounding issues of procreation, develop an institutional policy, which can be applied to the range of treatment and research issues related to procreation.

The 21st century however forecasts an astonishing increase in innovation in another direction. While previously overshadowed by its larger cousins, physics and chemistry, it seems likely that the biological sciences will steal the limelight in the future. Mapping the genome, reversing the aging process, and finding a cure for terminal illnesses, all represent primary objectives for science. Unfortunately, the ethical questions posed by innovations in biomedicine are far greater than those posed by advances in the physical sciences. Reproductive cloning is one of these innovations, and one that arguably poses the greatest threat to the world as we know it. The universal truth, blindly accepted by man for millennia, held that a human could only be born through the sexual union of a male and a female, to be exact, of an egg and a sperm. By cloning, however, a human life can be created in the laboratory. This is done by taking human DNA and inserting it into an egg cell, sans genetic material. The resultant cell is identical to the original, and can then be inserted into a uterus, either a human or an animal one, and be grown to term, to produce a baby, while circumventing nature’s means of reproduction.

The principle of nonmaleficence, to do no harm, in reproductive technology can be applied to the prospective parents and the prospective child-the embryo. The procedures involved in attempting to impregnate a woman can be physically and emotionally damaging, but rewarding if done successfully. But the parties must first determine to what extent and at what cost will they risk to achieve their ultimate goal. It would cause great harm physically to the embryos if there were multiple unsuccessful attempts, but many would argue that the end outweighs the means, that it is worth it if the result was a viable pregnancy and healthy child.

Medical professionals today can screen for certain genetic traits (genetic diseases and sex) with in vitro fertilization and preimplantation genetic diagnosis to obtain a healthy child, and reproductive technology continues to improve. With this in mind, the question arises whether sex selection is ethical. Julian Savulescu, Uehiro Professor of Practical Ethics at Oxford University, argues that sex selection is moral, based on his ethical principle of Procreative Beneficence: that “couples (or single reproducers) should select the child, of the possible children they could have, who is expected to have the best life, or at least as good a life as the others, based on the relevant, available information” [Savulescu 1]. Savulescu claims

If a woman is not ready to have a family, and does not have access to birth control, it could affect the way the woman would possibly treat her future child. According to Planned Parenthood, “Improved access to birth control is directly linked to declines in maternal and infant mortality.” (Planned Parenthood). Also, if a woman is in a relationship with a man and they end up having an unwanted pregnancy, it is more than likely the relationship will end. Christine Clark states in her article, “Five (Unexpected) Ways Birth Control Can Improve Family Economic Prospects”, “Effective birth control allows couples to delay having children until they are truly ready, which makes them more likely to stay a couple and provide for their families, together.” (Clark). It is beneficial for a person to be able to access birth control because without it, families can fall

A pro for sexual reproduction is that two parents can have the joy of having their own child. Some people grow up and end up not being able to carry out a child because

Although gender is a socially constructed idea, it is often suggested to be a natural phenomenon. Society plays an important role in reinforcing gender roles in a way that disguises itself as natural, and is thus accepted without question. The United States’ gender system emphasizes gender hierarchy and a binary system that forces individuals to conform. In order to progress gender equality, it is important to denaturalize these social constructions of gender.

The benefits of reproductive science for individuals, such as single women and lesbian couples, are that it increases the chances of them becoming parents and with the use of a sperm donor in

With that comes the pros about cloning and why we should do it. There's a lot of reason why for example, it can help the LGBT community by providing a child without having to use a sperm donor. Which is crazy I know but makes a lot of sense because the LGBT community gives everything to have a child but they can't really have one together from the same parents. Well cloning came up with a idea that they should try to cloning a child for that lesbian couple and they did do it. Which that really gives everyone hope because we can grow together. In Article “Argument for and Against Creating Human Clones” in paragraph three on the third sentence it state that “Human cloning could allow parents of a child who died to seek redress for their loss”. That means that instead of just cry about your love ones who died you can just clone it. It really opens a big door for us and how we see and view things. It gives us hope about our future and what it might become. Did you notice that the quote said it “Could allow” it didnt really say it was already done or it can be done. Which leaves a huge cap there, Cloning is not good for anyone it take everything away from us humans as well as the meaning of us living.

biased between the male and the female reproductive biology. The article focuses on the role of

Sexual selection was an idea proposed by Darwin and refers to the process in which males and females attempt to maximize their chances of reproductive success. Within a species there are certain characteristics that make individuals attractive to potential mates. An example of this is in peacocks, female peacocks are attracted to males with long brightly colored tails, even though this makes them easier to be spotted by predators. This characteristic then evolves within the species due to how males with this characteristic have a higher chance of reproductive success and their characteristics being passed on to surviving offspring.

With new technologies available everyday, it seems almost as if we can customize our children. Reproduction is no longer an outcome of random and inherited genes, but now it’s a process of creating the child that we want to have. Fertility clinics are in debate as to whether or not it is ethical to be able to determine the sex of our children. Some view this as a valid option, while others see it as another step down the road to designer babies. But how far is too far? That is a question that we can only answer for ourselves. While this article remains unbiased, we are able to form our own opinion after seeing the pros and cons of both sides.

Bitzer stated that exigence, which was capable of modification by way of discourse was needed (Herrick, 2016). As IVG research raises many ethical questions, its use in human analysis has been delayed. Questions of morality are raised concerning whether same sex couples should be able to procreate biologically, as well as whether the ability to choose genetic traits for offspring would put couples who can afford the treatment method at an unfair advantage over individuals who cannot afford such methods. Additionally, the question rises of whether the embryos that are created but not used in the procreation should be destroyed, donated, or frozen (Bourne, Douglas, & Savulescu, 2012). As these questions are based on morality and ethics, as opposed to statistics and data, they can be resolved through rhetorical dialogue and

The Female Reproductive System parts are gametes, which is a mature haploid male or female germ cell that is able to unite with another of the opposite sex in several reproductions to form a zygote. Egg is a person possessing a specified quantity. Ovum is a mature female reproductive cell especially of a human or other animal that van divide to give rise to an embryo usually only after fertilization by a male cell. Vaginal is a muscular tube leading from the external genitals to the cervix of the uterus in women and most female mammals. Labia is the inner and outer folds of the vulva, at either side of the vagina. Clitoris is a small sensitive and erectile part of the female genitals at the anterior end of the vulva. Urethra is a duct by

Do you know how you were born? Do you know how you came to be? The reproductive system is the system that made that all possible. Without the reproductive system you wouldn’t have been born. In order to produce offspring, the male and female reproductive systems have to be different. Each system has different parts, problems and care. Each system have different purposes, the male reproductive system’s function is to produce sperm, while the female reproductive system’s function is to produce ova, store ova and house a fertilized egg.