Shell Shipping Oil and gas exporting countries depend on shipping. Shell has shipping organization

1.To respond to emergencies i.e. fire (in port) or on board a ship at the anchorage, accidents , Accidents, Man over board, grounding of vessels, May- day calls, oil pollution to minimize the damage & causalities.

Maritime access refers to the physical capacity of the port to accommodate ship daily operations. It is including the tidal range as normal ship operations are not able to handle variations of more than 3 meters. Moreover, channel and berth depths have become vital for maritime operations due to the growing ship size and to accommodate modern and advance cargo ships. A standard Panamax ship of 65,000 deadweight tons needs more than 12 meters of depth. Almost 70 percent world ports found themselves only have depths of less than 10 meters thus are unable to accommodate bigger ships and provide maritime access to modern ship operations. However, Jawaharlal Nehru port’s channel depth is 13.1 meter and 14.2 meter in outer harbour channel. Channel width 370 meters at straight reach and 460 meters at the berths while berth’s depth is 16.5 meters. The port is able to handle over 500 feet in length of vessel

5. Mooring and pontoon berthing for up to 350 vessels, up to 45ft in length and 2m draft. This will require dredging to a depth of 2.5m to allow access to the pontoons for larger vessels.

Oil is marked as the most used non-renewable natural resource throughout the planet. Innovations in the automobile technology has increased the demand for hydrocarbons as its used for the source of heat and light. Development in the petrochemical industry boosted the oil supply throughout the world. Today we have miles and miles of wired petroleum pipelines and tons of crude oil on the go. The quantity of oil transported over the sea has enormously increased in volume with tankers from a capacity of 100,000 to 500,000 tons resulting in increased possibilities of spillage by accident. In the event of an accident, oil pollution will be encountered in the marine environment or in inland water.

The Sheepscot Bay Boat Company was suggested as a possible solution for transportation of the contractors across the harbor by George Rickley. The only constraints were created by the limit of two rental boats. The contractors had to communicate their schedule between each other to coordinate the crossing of the harbor. One boat had to be on each side of the harbor so people could cross from either side at all times.

The New York Times article mentioned, that about 19 million barrels of oil are consumed by the transportation industry daily within

source's claim of 1 million barrels per day. I want to ask if they could provide a direct

Empty Cargo Containers shows how empty containers move through the supply system to be filled with exports or shipped overseas to be refilled with goods bound for import.

The Deepwater Horizon spill occurred on 20 April 2010 and was caused by an explosion on the Deepwater Horizon drilling rig that killed 11 workers and injured 17 more. The drilling rig, located 66 kilometers southeast of the Louisiana coast, left an oil gusher that was finally capped on July 15, almost 2 months later. This was the largest accidental marine oil spill in history and the largest offshore environmental disaster in the United States (Telegraph, New York Times, BBC News). It is estimated by scientists that over 4.9 million barrels of oil were released into the ocean, about half of the crude oil the U.S. imports each day and worth $400 million (Popular Mechanics, CBC News). About 1070 kilometers of coastline were contaminated.

WRI Between 4 to 6 million tons of oil are discharged into the oceans every year"

This list is transferred to the warehouse where the warehouse operator obtains all the required equipments and from the specified manufacturers. Employees are assigned the various packs and tasked to assemble onto a counter all supplies for one pack at a time. The employees obtain the materials from the storage area and assemble them on the counter and later to a convey belt. Since the packs are bulky, there is use of lifts and cranes to move these packs while processing the orders. These items are passed through a conveying belt where they are confirmed by two attendants. For instance, when an order comes through, a station leader will request scalpels from one manufacturer, hospital linen from another supplier, forceps from another supplier to be assembled on the work area, and they are all loaded to the conveyor belt. All components must be assembled and verified before they are sent to the decontamination room.

There are a number of contemporary issues affecting today’s companies and relevant stakeholders that can be derived from the Deepwater horizon oil spill incident. The most notable contemporary issue is pollution; the incident resulted in 4.9 million barrels of oil

incidents from 1982 to 1992. This totals around 40% of the total number of Shell’s oil

In this chapter, we will discuss on the background of the multipurpose port that has been chosen as an input for case study. Jurong Port is used as a subject from where the actual data were collected between the years of 2010 till 2014. The background also explains the importance of knowing the accurate berth utilization rate in order to reduce the turn-around time of vessels berthing at a multipurpose port where diversified cargo operations being carried out. The subsequent section in this chapter brings brief explanation of the port achievement, goals, facilities, and services provided at the port.

When the cargo owner (usually the insured) entrusts the goods to someone for storage or transportation, a bailment is created. If the goods move from or to the United States, internationally by ocean, that bailment relationship is controlled by the Carriage of Goods by Sea Act (COGSA), a statute of the United States. International shipments, not touching a U.S. port, may be controlled by other treaties, such as Hague-Visby or Hamburg Rules.