The Mind at War Men and women, alike, have been fighting for their rights and freedoms over many centuries. Due to the gruesome acts carried out and witnessed, these wars can inflict psychological damage to such combatants. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a condition where one has been traumatized by something in their past. This ordeal disrupts sleep and causes the continuous vivid recollection of the upsetting event on a daily basis for the victims (Jones 17). Countless times, these soldiers return to their families and friends totally changed. In the First World War, PTSD was unrecognized and was poorly diagnosed as shell shock, which is a term discussed multiple times in the play Vimy by Vern Thiessen. The men in her play faced …show more content…
Shell shock and PTSD are very similar when symptoms are concerned. Shell shock is considered to be “an intellectual forerunner to PTSD” according to Doctor Stephen Joseph from the University of Nottingham (Joseph). PTSD is defined by a modern criterion created by the American Psychiatric Association. The first set of criteria includes either exposure to death, threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violence in some way (Jones 19). The second criterion involves re-living the experience either through nightmares, flashbacks, upsetting memories, or other occurrences. There must be a stimulus causing the re-experiencing of the trauma (American Psychiatric Association). The person must have, according to the US Department of Veterans Affairs, negative thoughts or feelings and trauma-related provocation and reactivity that began or are worsened after the trauma (American Psychiatric Association). These symptoms must last for over one month, cause distress or impairment to the person, and must not be the result of substance use or medication (American Psychiatric Association). If all these are met, then the USA declares the person to have PTSD and are counseled. This was not the case in the First World War. Thiessen depicts this in her play, Vimy, most noticeably when Clare speaks to Laurie. Clare brings up the topic and immediately Laurie becomes upset. He demonstrates multiple PTSD symptoms such as upsetting memories, re-experiencing trauma, negative thoughts about his life, long-lasting symptoms, and he is clearly distressed. Clare, the nurse, is frightened by what Laurie has experienced, but does nothing to help because she does not know how. He clearly states: "You're not just getting me. You're getting all the… mess what's inside me now. And it ain’t never going to leave” (Thiessen 16). PTSD is something that will haunt Laurie for the rest of his
Shell shock, now more commonly known as PTSD(post traumatic stress disorder), was the biggest struggle for soldiers in World War 1 as 10 to 20% of soldiers, more or less 250,000 soldiers, suffered from shell shock in World War 1. In Source 1 and 2 soldiers explain how each battalion had such enthusiasm and how excited people were to go to war. A British officer sent a letter to his parents “you must all keep cheerful for my sake and it will not be long before I am back again” clearly soldiers expected a quick war as did the war commanders and officers. a young german soldier had been called up to the front line and wrote a letter about it.
An outcome of World War I was a new medical disorder classified as Shell Shock. Shell Shock is a medical disorder developed to describe the symptoms that soldiers developed without a probable or obvious lesion as the cause after serving time on the war front. Shell Shock is one of the most prominent injuries of World War I; the symptoms varied among each soldier, treatments were still being developed, and doctors were still trying to understand the severity of the disorder. The symptoms soldiers described are due to the stress they encountered while they served on the front line. Shell Shock is a condition that soldiers have begun to develop after serving in the war.
Finley’s “From Soldier’s Heart to PTSD,” was about the evolution of how clinicians, physiatrists, and the military viewed what was happening to the men who went into war. At first, the symptoms that the soldiers were going through was referred to as “shell shock.” This lead to the debate whether the physical brain as opposed to the psychological mind could determine human behavior so “shell shock” became “war neurosis.” The increasing number of cases lead to the creating of the triage system which seem to help the soldiers. After many other war, physiatrists were still noticing the same symptoms even though the number of cases decreased. Advocates for the Vietnam war tried to make the government realized that these soldier where suffering due
Shell shock is a type of post-traumatic stress disorder that occurred during World War I. Many Army officials tried to cover up shell shock because they wanted to keep those men in the battlefield. Doctors Charles S. Myers and William McDougall looked into shell shock and started doing studies with the soldiers that had shell shock. Shell shock did have a few treatments which consisted of a bromide, massage, electrical faradization, and a milk diet, but many people that shell shock should be treated with military discipline. Throughout the novel Maisie Dobbs, I saw several cases of shell shock. I also have noticed that people that had loved ones in the war also had a small case of shell shock.
In Erin Finley’s “Clinical Histories: From Soldier’s Heart to PTSD” she talks about shell shock or now we know it as post traumatic disorder which in the late 1914 British physicians in france discovered from patients. The patients showed odd symptoms like they were unable to see, hear or taste even though they were not injured, which later the physicians figured that it was combat stress nothing else. Shell shock had more to do with emotional shock than physical shock. The ones that suffer shell shock were thought to be malingering, which is exaggerating illness to escape duty. Those that are ill and wounded especially if his condition was caused by the enemy side then he will be considered coward and were shot. In 1918 Germans launched gas
Likenesses that identify with those of this disease can be found all through the story "The Things They Carried." Men and women of prior wars moreover mirrored the shared characteristics related to PTSD. In days of old, it was named "Shell Shock" and "Battle Fatigue." Because of studies directed by medical research organizations, e.g., The National Institute of Health (NIMH) we know and
Soldiers who felt constant attack, would suffer from shell shock. Shell shock is now known as post-traumatic stress disorder. Shell shock was a condition many doctors did not understand it. Some symptoms include fatigue, headaches, confusion, and nightmares. Since shell shock was not an official medical problem, many high ranked officials thought they were wimps who didn't want to fight anymore.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a mental health problem that some people develop after experiencing or witnessing a life-threatening event such as war combat, a natural disaster, a car accident, or sexual assault. According to the United States Department of Veterans Affairs, about 20 out of 100 Veterans of the Iraq and Afghanistan wars were diagnosed with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and 30 in 100 Veterans of the Vietnam War. PTSD was first named in 1980 a few years after the Vietnam War. It was not a coincidence that the disorder was discovered just after the Vietnam War due to the fact that most soldiers had to face many traumatic events on the battlefield. Moreover, the horrifying memories kept coming back and have intruded the
Soldiers with PTSD were known for hallucinating a war zone around them. During their hallucinations, the people surrounding them would be seen as a threat. In the short story “The Red Convertible,” a veteran attacked his brother out of nowhere. Shortly following this attack, the veteran committed suicide leaving his brother forever in pain (Erdrich). Other families were put in the same position as the family in the story. It was unsafe to be around their unpredictable loved ones, and because of this, the war became an even bigger sore spot in the nation’s
PTSD, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, is a disorder that develops after experiencing a traumatic event(s) or witnessing a traumatic event(s). For example war, natural disasters, rape, abuse, and neglect. Its symptoms include having unwanted thoughts or nightmares, feel like you’re reliving it, flashbacks, emotional/physical response to reminders, avoidance of reminders/thoughts, inability to recall certain features, distorted beliefs/blaming of self and others, diminished interest, detachment, hypervigilance, sleep problems, and even dissociative symptoms. In addition, these symptoms must last for more than one month, you must wait 6 months after the event before you can be diagnosed even if onset of symptoms occur immediately, and must not
A little background: PTSD is a psychological disorder formed from traumatic experiences that involves physical harm or the threat of physical harm that make the person feel stressed or frightened when they are no longer in danger. Signs and symptoms of PTSD can be grouped into three categories: Re-experiencing symptoms, avoidance symptoms, and hyper arousal symptoms . The main treatment for this is psychotherapy or
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychological condition that can follow a traumatic incident (Emory). PTSD can stem from a variety of traumatic events, such as sexual assault, floods, being kidnapped, and major catastrophes like 9/11 (PTSD: A Growing Epidemic). A major symptom of PTSD is re-experiencing trauma by either distressing thoughts or memories, and sometimes by vivid flashbacks in the most severe cases. Other symptoms can include increased anxiety and paranoia, depression, or avoiding situations where flashbacks can be triggered. An estimated 5% of men and 10% of women experience some form of PTSD in their lives (Emory). However, in a smaller demographic, veterans, The U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs have estimated
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (commonly known as PTSD) is an important issue associated with military soldiers. The primary focus of this paper will be on the causes of PTSD and the effects it has on returning soldiers from the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. I will attempt to elaborate on the soldiers' experiences through my own experiences in combat both in Iraq and Afghanistan. I will explain what PTSD is, look at the history of PTSD, how people get it, and differences of PTSD between men and women, and treatment options.
(Rosenthal, J. Z., Grosswald, S., Ross, R., & Rosenthal, N. 2011) Veterans presenting with symptoms of PTSD will often engage in behaviors which can be dangerous for themselves, their families and socity. Lack of effective treatment can place the veteran at increased risk for drug and alcohol abuse or dependence, suicide ideations or attemps, and bouts violence toward others. (National Center for PTSD, 2010) PTSD can occur anytime anytime one has have been through the experience of a traumatic event. PTSD has been referred to by many names in past years such as post-combat disorders, shell shock, post-traumatic stress disorder, disordered or heavy heart, and war neurosis. In DSM-I PTSD was referred to as ‘‘gross stress reaction’’ this was the name of the diagnoises given to those individuals who had suffered combat exposure, and their minds had become psychologically altered. It was very helpful to have a name to the sympotms of military or civilian individual that had been exposed to combat exposure, ex-prisoners of war, and rape victims. This term had also been helpful in diagnosing Nazi Holocaust
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a relatively new diagnosis that was associated with survivors of war when it was first introduced. Its diagnosis was met largely with skepticism and dismissal by the public of the validity of the illness. PTSD was only widely accepted when it was included as a diagnosis in 1980 in the third edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-III) of the American Psychiatric Association. PTSD is a complex mental disorder that develops in response to exposure to a severe traumatic event that stems a cluster of symptoms. Being afflicted with the disorder is debilitating, disrupting an individual’s ability to function and perform the most basic tasks.