Short And Long-Term Effects Of The Sudan Civil War

The Sudan Liberation Movement and the Justice Equality Movement took arms against the Sudanese government, which was later named “The War in Darfur”. Which sparked the anger of the government and sent their military to begin murdering many villages, that were non Arabs. In many accounts reported about 2 million were killed over 2 decades.Scarce resources played a huge role in the mass killings of Sudanese (non arab).

Sudan has known conflict for most of its existence. The discovery of oil in 1979 served to heighten this conflict as north and south fought over valuable resources. In more recent years human rights violations and genocide have occurred in unsurpassed numbers with the Sudanese governments support. Sudanese President Umar al-Bashir is the first sitting head of state with an issued arrest warrant by the International Criminal Court for genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes. In July 2011 southern Sudanese citizens voted to secede from Sudan and form the Republic of South Sudan in response to years of oppression by the Arab led Islamist government. South Sudan is now the worlds newest country and free to determine its own path

Ever since the start of the civil war (December 2013) in South Sudan, tensions have been running high between two opposing groups. Those who support the President, Salva Kiir, and those who support his fired deputy, Rick Machar. This conflict has caused food shortages and disease for many people. The one thing the parties have in common is the brutal violence especially towards women. According to the article,

Sudan has had internal problems for many years. The country negatively affected itself from within. No outer force caused the issues at hand. Sudan experiences their first civil war in 1956. The issue came from economic, political, and social domination of largely non-Muslim and non-Arab southern Sudanese. The war lasted for about sixteen years and finally concluded in 1972. Unfortunately the violence

The second civil war started in 1983 because of longstanding issues uplifted by then President Jaafar Nimeiri's choice to implement Sharia law. Arrangements between the government and the Sudan People's Liberation Movement/Army, or SPLM/An of southern Sudan occurred in 1988 and 1989, however were deserted when General Omar al-Bashir took power in the 1989 through military coup. The Fighting over resources, southern self-determination, and the role of religion in the state raged between the Sudanese government and the SPLM/A for over two decades. The war left two and a half million people dead and four million people displaced. (Enoughproject.org)

The Darfur Conflict took place in Sudan, Africa. Darfur is 170,000 miles; they have many volcanic high lands. They can get heavy rain fall. “(1)”The Marrah Mountains are one of their famous mountains in Darfur.”(1)” It was started by the government hitting a military base in 2003.”(3)” Before the military base hit the government was having some environmental issues. They didn’t have enough natural resources for their people. The government had a lot of food and water shortages. The Darfur conflict was then put in the arms of the Janjaweed. These people were Arabs. They thought that they had to cleanse the community of any non-Arabs people. The government agreed and the people fought back. This was the start of the civil war in Darfur.

The conflict in Darfur refers to the fighting that is happening in the western region of Sudan known as Darfur. These fights have been taking place since 2003 and have continued to today. Similarities can be made to the Rwandan Genocide; there is a government funded and armed militia that is not officially supported by the government that is killing a local population. The citizens of the region of Darfur that are being killed are not Arabic, like the majority of the rest of Sudan is, however, they are more similar in culture and other aspects to the citizens of South Sudan, Sudan’s neighboring country to the south with which Sudan has had multiple wars with. Despite the fact that there is a militia that is killing citizens, there are also other militias that are fighting for the Darfuri people. These two sides have been fighting each other for close to ten years. Even though citizens of a certain group are being targeted by a militia, the conflict in Darfur is not a genocide. The United States should not get involved militarily in this conflict because it is only a conflict and not a genocide. It is a war between two groups over disputes between these groups. Instead, the United States should use diplomacy to help end the conflict happening in Darfur.

This war is between the non-islam and the non-arabic people (Darfurians and Janjaweeds) who are fighting for political and social domination. Led by Omar Bashir, the Sudanese took over Darfur by military coup.

All beginning in the late 1980’s, General Omar Bashir took over Sudan using a military Coup, therefore allowing the National Islamic Front to worsen the problems. Weapons started to flow into Darfur because of these conflicts, and little by little the native farmers started

In the long run, Lost boys were positively affected by being able to go to the United States. During the second Sudan civil war in 1987, between Northern Sudan and Southern Sudan, many boys were separated from their families because they had to flee to avoid slavery, death, or being forced to fight. About 20,000 boys, mostly 6 or 7 years old, had to flee. They walked thousands of miles to find safety. Over the journey, thousands of boys lost their lives, but some boys survived and made it to refugee camps. These boys are called Lost boys. “UNHCR recommended approximately 3,600 of them for resettlement in the United States and the U.S. State Department concurred," (“International Rescue Committee”). UNHCR(the United Nations refugee agency) recommended

Webster’s Dictionary defines survival as the ability to remain alive, to continue to function, and prosper. To me, survival means the ability to adapt easily in any big changes that they confront. The Lost Boys of Sudan endure unimaginable physical and emotional obstacles to be able to survived.

Machar was Kiir's deputy before he attempted a coup to topple the President in December 2013, triggering a civil war which expanded to the whole country and divided people on ethnic lines. Kiir is from Dinka community and Machar is from Nuer tribe. The resulting bloody conflict claimed thousands of lives and displaced over a million people. A deal between the two parties were signed in August 2015, and Machar was re-instituted in the government in April this year. However, a gun battle ensued in Juba last month

While still struggling to achieve peace with Sudan since its independence in 2011, South Sudan is now rife with inner-conflict. Rebel forces led by the former Vice-President Riek Machar want to overthrow the South Sudanese government, led by President Salva Kiir.

In addition, political aspects have played a role in the roots of the Darfur conflict. The leader, General Omar Hassan Ahmad al- Bashir (who came to power in 1989), is a major source of the problem. Al-

The origin of the war between these two regions goes back to the 1950s when the country, which was previously two separate nations, was made one after World War II by the west. Shortly after this union, Sudan was emancipated from England. 1983 marks the beginning of the violent relations between the North and South Sudan. The initiation of this conflict was brought forth by the Islamic Sudanese of the North, invading with military force the Southern Sudanese Christians . From 1983, it is estimated that at least two million people have been killed in the violent duration of this genocide, most of whom are of the Christian faith and lead non-violent civilian lives. Attention on human trafficking was brought into the international community’s scope with close proximity to the beginning of the violence as two professors from the University of Khartoum shed light on the subject. Ushari Ahmad Mahumud and Suleyman Ali Baldo learned about the genocide and enslavement being practiced on the Dinka people, a tribal group in the southern Sudan, and upon this discovery they dicided to investigate it further. What they found was that raiders from the north were killing the Southern Christian men and kidnapping the women and children to be sold into slavery. The most disturbing part of this discovery was the newfound knowledge that this had been going on for over two years. Professors Mahumud and Baldo