Short Note On Barometric Pressure At Pikes Peak

1. During exercise: TV will increase. 2. During exercise: IRV will decrease. 3. During exercise: ERV will increase. 4. During exercise: VC will not change. 5. During exercise: TLC will not change.

A low partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) suggests that a person is not getting enough oxygen; Metabolic acidosis->Kidney failure, shock, diabetic ketoacidosis

Oxygen is drawn into the lungs by a process called inhalation, (breathing in), which occurs when the diaphragm and intercostal muscles are contracted which causes the lungs to expand, giving a larger volume and therefore causing a lower pressure differential between the lungs, alveolar pressure, and the outside atmosphere. This inverse relationship between volume and pressure is called Boyle’s law. (Tortora & Derrickson, 2011)

Also the amount of air molecules is greater at lower altitudes than at a high altitude. If an air molecule hits another air molecule even more air pressure happens. Air pressure can be felt while riding an express elevator to the top floor of a really tall building. Also it can be felt by diving all the way to the bottom of a swimming pool. The air pressure can also be formed when there is a lot of wind which causes the air molecules in the air to move around even faster and crash into each other even more.

Both rapid, shallow breathing patterns and hypoventilation effect gas exchange. Arterial blood gases will be monitored and changes discussed with provider. Alteration in PaCO2 and PaO2 levels are signs of respiratory failure. Patient’s body position will be properly aligned for optimum respiratory excursion, this promotes lung expansion and improved air exchange. Patient will be suctioned as needed to clear secretions and maintain patent airways. The expected outcome is that the patient’s airway and gas exchange will be maintained as evidence by normal arterial blood gases (Herdman,

The presence of fluid in the alveolar space could potentially cause the lung capacity to be effected as well.

Because the PCO2 levels are too high the body is not getting the adequate amount of oxygen. This means the oxygen-carrying hemoglobin is not working properly do to the excessive amounts carbon dioxide causing respiratory acidosis.

*Yes, air pressure changes with altidue. The rate of pressure is not constant, air pressure decreases at a decreasing rate with an increase in altitude.

The altitude that this stage could happen in is between 5000 to 11400 ft.(3) "The body generally has the ability to stave off further effects of hypoxia by increasing the rate and depth of ventilation and cardiac output ".(1) The respiration rate, blood pressure, and the heart rate can rise up in this stage.(2) the arterial oxygen saturations in this stage is between 80 and 90 percent.(1)

Also he’s oxygen diffusion rate has increased due to the more oxygen which is absorbed by the alveoli and then circulated around the body.

Pulmonary capillary blood flow is lowest in the apices where alveolar pressure is greater than capillary pressure. So ventilation is greater than perfusion. Blood flow is greatest at the bases of the lungs where the pressure in the vessels is greater than alveolar pressure so perfusion is greater than ventilation. Blood flow and alveolar ventilation are never perfectly matched. Perfusion (Q) is usually greater than ventilation (V). A normal V/Q ratio is 0.8. If the V/Q ratio is low this means there is not enough ventilation to oxygenate the blood. If the V/Q ratio is high this means blood flow is less than ventilation so ventilation is being wasted.

In most tissues of the body, ATP production primarily occurs through mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation of reduced intermediates, which are in turn derived from substrates such as glucose and fatty acids. In order to maintain ATP homeostasis, and cellular function, the mitochondria requires a constant supply of fuels and oxygen. In many individuals at altitude, tissue oxygen levels fall and the cell must meet this hypoxic challenge to maintain energetic and limit oxidative stress. Varying on protocols, the body can adapt to the lack of oxygen which can be increasing the mass of red blood cells and haemoglobin or changes in muscle metabolism. Depending very much on the protocols used, the body may adapt to the relative lack of oxygen in one

These effects which make your heart work harder to pump blood through your pulmonary arteries and lungs. For a long time, the pressure on arteries inclines. Surely, the

This resulted in an “increase in CO2 elimination, respiratory acidosis, haemodynamic instability.” To control this the “ventilatory settings were adjusted to achieve a tidal volume of 480 ml, positive end-expiratory pressure of 5mmHg and respiratory rate of 14/min.” BP,

Respiratory Acidosis occurs when the lungs cannot remove all the carbon dioxide that the body makes. In turn this makes fluid in the body become too acidic. The distinctive feature of respiratory acidosis is an abnormally high PCO2, meaning above 45 mmHg. Improper exhalation of oxygen can cause the blood pH to drop.” Any condition that decreases the movement of CO2 from the blood to the alveoli of the lungs to the atmosphere causes a buildup of CO2, H2CO3, and H+ (Tortora, 2014, p.1036)”. Symptoms of this condition may include: confusion, lethargy, fatigue, sleepiness, and shortness of breath. Probable causes are: obesity, disease of the chest, diseases of the lungs and airways, and drugs that suppress breathing (MedlinePLus, 2012). A health care provider will perform a physical exam to see if this is what is happening. He may do so by: arterial blood gas which measures oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the blood, basic metabolic panel, a chest x-ray, or possibly a pulmonary function test (MedlinePLus, 2012). Treatment is mainly aimed at the underlying cause not at condition itself. It is treated