Short Note On Nelson Mandela

On December 5, 1956 156 activists were arrested and were on trial for treason including Nelson Mandela. “In 1960, the ANC was outlawed. They had to conduct their meetings in secret from then on. Despite that, he would go to other public meetings and speak out against the repressive regime and secretly organise civil action like strikes and sit ins. However, he had to move around a lot because the authorities were looking for him and he kept evading them.”(History’s Heroes). Nelson Mandela and the African National Congress had to hold meetings in secret because they were afraid that they would be caught.

First, in Rolihlahla Mandela’s(Nelson Mandela) childhood many things happened. For example, his father died when he was only nine years old (www.History.com Staff). He was adopted by the new chief and lived with him from that point on(www.Biography.com). He was the first one in his family to go to school and to go to college(www.sahistory.com). He studied law in every college he went to but never got his degree because he didn’t feel like getting his degree(www.sahistory.com. He got his name Nelson from his teacher, and lived with that name since then. When Nelson

In the 1960s, many of the colonial nations of Africa were gaining independence. The ANC was encouraged and campaigned for democracy in South Africa. They were mild campaigns at first, but as the government became more hostile, so did ANC protests. In November 1961, a military branch of the party was organized with Mandela as its head. It authorized the limited use of arms and sabotage against the government, which got the government’s attention—and its anger! Mandela went into hiding in 1964, he was captured, tried, and sentenced to life imprisonment. It was a sad day for black South Africa.

Nelson grew up farming, herding cattle, and attending a christian elementary school while being apart of an african tribe (Nelson Mandela 1). Mandela grew up around tribal chiefs and elders, that helped him understand african self government and heritage better (Tyle 1). Nelsons tribe name was Rolihlahla but was changed to Nelson by a teacher at the school he attended (Nelson Mandela 1). Rolihlahla translates to one who brings trouble upon himself, which describes the journey through fighting for his rights his whole life (Nelson Mandela 1). When Nelson grew older he renounced his hereditary right to the tribal chiefdom and he entered college hoping to graduate with a law degree. He attended the University college of Fort Hare which he was expelled from in 1940 for leading a student strike and Witwatersrand University. He graduated and received his law degree in 1942 from the University of South Africa (Nelson Mandela 1). Nelson married Evelyn Ntoko Mase in 1944 and had four children which were Thembekile, Makaziwe, Makgatho and another Makaziwe Mandela (Nelson Mandela 1). There is only one of them alive today and there is two of the children with the same name because the first one died at the age of nine months. So they decided to name the younger sister after her. Thembekile died in a car accident at a relatively young age and Makgatho died at the age of 54 from AIDS (Nelson Mandela 1). Nelson Mandela ended up getting divorced from evelyn in 1956 (Nelson Mandela 1). On June fourteenth, 1958 he married Nomzamo Winnie Madikileza, who was a political activist (Nelson Mandela 1). He had two children with his second wife which were Zenani and Zindziswa Mandela (Nelson Mandela 1). He divorced Nomzamo in 1996 and he married his third and final wife in 1998 (Nelson Mandela 1). Her name was Graca Machel and she was a human rights activist along with Nelson Mandela (Nelson Mandela 1). He died at the age of 95 on

6) however, like Gandhi, he encouraged the volunteers not to retaliate. Mandela spent 26 years and 8 months in jail as punishment for his protesting however, he felt that “no sacrifice was too great in the struggle for freedom” (Doc. 9). He spent time in jail with other protesters that all felt that “whatever sentences [they] received, even the death sentence… [their] deaths would not be in vain” (Doc. 9). Freedom for the South African people from apartheid finally came in 1993. To Mandela this was not just the freedom of his people but “the freedom of all people, black and white” (Doc. 12). “South Africa’s New Democracy” rose after years of continuous nonviolence from the populace.

When we remember Nelson Mandela, most people think of social change, of leadership and of humanity. Mandela dedicated his life to his belief of equality and freedom for people in South Africa. As a strong supporter of freedom of speech, Mandela is one of the most revered speakers of the 20th century. He was born in a small village in the eastern cape of South Africa on July 18, 1918. Nelson studied law in the university of Fort Hare but never completed his degree. In 1941, he moved to Johannesburg where he encountered the racism led by the apartheid government. To further pursue his law studies, he began attending meetings of the ANC (African National Congress) – an anti-apartheid group. The ANC aimed to transform into a grassroots movement

Mandela was a very important leader in the struggle against apartheid. Like many other struggle leaders, he was thrown in jail more than once and spent 27 years of his life in jail. He became an important symbol for human rights and anti-apartheid campaigns all over the world. In 1990 he was finally released from jail, and he became an important leader in the talks with President F.W. de Klerk about a South Africa free from apartheid.

Mandela attended primary school in Qunu where his teacher Miss Mdingane gave him the name Nelson, due to the fact that custom mandates all school children be given “Christian” names. He went on to complete his Junior Certificate (elementary school)at Clarkebury Boarding Institute and went on to Healdtown, a Wesleyan secondary school and graduated. While studying for a Bachelor of Arts degree at the University College of Fort Hare, he got expelled for joining in a student protest.

Mandela was arrested in a countrywide police swoop on 5 December 1955, which led to the 1956 Treason Trial (https://www.nelsonmandela.org/content/page/biography, website, Accessed 27/6/16). The trial went on for nearly five years and during this time period led to the militant faction of the ANC to split with the ANC in 1959 to form the Pan Africanist Congress. However on 21 March 1960, police killed 69 unarmed people due to a protest in Sharpeville against the racist laws directed to the black Africans. This protest led to the banning of both the ANC and the PAC which led to the movement losing much of it militant support. Mandela and 155 other activists were acquitted in 1961 and led to Mandela believing that armed struggle was the only way

Nelson Mandela took part in ending the apartheid. An apartheid is a restriction that started around 1949, on nonwhites’ basic rights and barred them from government while white minority rule. On January 8, 1912, in South Africa, the African National Congress was created by a group of Africans, colored, and Indians. In the 1940s, Mandela became the leader of peaceful protests and armed resistance against the white minority’s oppressive regime in a racially divided South Africa. In 1950, the ANC adopted the African National Congress Youth League’s plan to achieve full citizenship for all South Africans through boycotts, strikes, civil disobedience and other nonviolent methods. In 1952, Mandela and another member of the ANC opened South Africa’s first black law firm, which offered free or low-cost legal counsel to those affected by apartheid legislation. The black law firm also helped lead the ANC’s campaign for the Defiance of Unjust Laws. Mandela and 155 other activists were arrested and put on trial for treason on December 5, 1956, due to acts of civil disobedience. While Mandela was locked up, tensions throughout the ANC started to escalate. The next year, on March 21, as nonviolent black protestors were protesting by singing Africans songs all day, so that they could overload the prisons, police opened fire on the crowd. Sixty nine people were killed, along with another 189 wounded.

Nelson Rohihlahia (stirring up trouble) Mandela was born on 18 July 1918, near Umtata, in the Transkei region of South Africa. His father was Chief Henry Mandela of the Tembu Tribe. Mandela was trained to become the next chief to rule his tribe, but he was also a determined student and eventually joined an all black college, Fort Hare, where he was expelled for joining a student boycott. He later obtained an arts degree in Johannesburg and studied law at the University of Witwatersrand. Before apartheid, South Africa had a long history of racial

In 1964, he was found guilty of sabotage and treason and spent three decades in the Robben Island Prison. Mandela turned the prison experience into an ANC school, teaching other blacks about politics and other freedom fighters like Gandhi (Lockard 959). Nelson Mandela fought against apartheid for years with protests/strikes and by leading the ANC.

Mandela was the thirst for schooling by installments was fulfilled. As a child he attended mission school then later he started studying at Clarke bury was ready for training for college. Mandela’s desire was to study law to become a chief court in his village, his vow was to help end the opposition and discrimination in South Africa. After all, he educated as a lawyer and helped create youth league of the opposition of African National Congress (ANC). Although they both had a strong feeling of changing the injustices law and unequal treaty of their

Nelson Mandela was adopted after his father died to a high rank family that taught leadership roles within the tribe. His commitment to politics grew stronger when racial classification and segregation were introduced. Mandela spent twenty seven years in jail because he was conspiring to overthrow the state and sentenced to life in prison in the Rivonia Trial. President Klerk was elected and lifted the ban and released Mandela from prison. He fought against the apartheid state, leading different campaigns against it.

Nelson Mandela was a man who learned from his previously violent ways and thoroughly used peace to his advantage in his fight against apartheid, and in the leading of South Africa. Nelson Mandela grew up as a peaceful person and in 1943 went to law school for his degree. While in law school, he got very interested in politics and joined a radical protest group, the African National Congress (The ANC). The ANC got into a lot of trouble with the government for their ideas about a place without apartheid. Mandela was arrested in 1963 and sentenced to life in prison. The government let him out of