Short Note On Procedural Memory

(4) impulsivity in at least two areas that are potentially self-damaging (e.g., spending, sex, substance abuse, reckless driving, binge eating). (5) recurrent suicidal behavior, gestures, or threats, or self-mutilating behavior. (6) affective instability due to a marked reactivity of mood (e.g., intense episodic dysphoria, irritability, or anxiety usually lasting a few hours and only rarely more than a few days). (7) chronic feelings of emptiness. (8) inappropriate, intense anger or difficulty controlling anger (e.g., frequent displays of temper, constant anger, recurrent physical fights). (9) transient, stress-related paranoid ideation or severe dissociative symptoms” (Disorders | BehaveNet).

Memory is divided into three categories. These categories consist of: sensory memory, short term memory and long term memory, out of these short term memory is the main focus in this essay. It has been widely researched due to interest of how much memory can be stored, how long this memory can be stored for and what information is memorised.

Can still demonstrate stubbornness, aggression, kicking, biting and blaming others for their naughtiness especially older siblings

Behaviour –they can develop behaviours that seem unusual or out of character. These include agitation, calling out, repeating the same question, disturbed sleep patterns or reacting aggressively.

Human memory is a complex cognitive structure, which can be defined in many ways. One would argue that memory is 1.) The mental function of retaining information about stimuli, event, images, ideas, etc. after the original stimuli is no longer present. 2.) The hypothesized storage system in the mind that holds this information is so retained. A clear distinction is made between different types of memory systems and can be divided into subclasses.

According to Shiffrin & Atkinson (1969), long-term memory is defined as the processes by which information is stored in and retrieved from. The two processes involved in long-term memory are encoding and retrieval. Encoding refers to the process in which information is learned and converted into a memory representation, whereas retrieval refers to accessing previously stored information (Shiffrin & Atkinson, 1969). The two forms of long-term memory are declarative or explicit memory and non-declarative or implicit memory. Declarative memory (DM) refers to subsystems of long-term memory that can be deliberately, intentionally or consciously recollected. These subsystems are known as episodic memory and semantic memory (Squire, 1992). Episodic memory is defined as the long-term memory subsystem that stores information about past events, occurrences or episodes related to an individual 's life and is used to recall such events or episodes. Semantic memory is a long term memory system that stores and recollects facts and general knowledge (Squire & Zola, 1998). Recognition or recall tasks are usually used to measure DM (Wagner et al, 1998). Non-declarative memory (NDM) refers to the memory subsystem that impacts recent perceptions and behaviour without knowledge, consciousness and intent. The subsystem within NDM involved in long-term memory is known as procedural memory (Squire, 1992).The NDM of skills is termed as procedural memory. The process involves learning a skill or

Some scientists believe that parts of long term memory are permanent while others will eventually weaken over time. (3) Long term memory can be divided into three sections: procedural memory, declarative memory, and remote memory. Procedural memory includes motor skills such as learning how to ride a bike or how to drive a car. "Such memories are slow to acquire but more resistant to change or loss." (4) Declarative memory is used to remember facts, such as names, dates and places. It is easy to learn but also easy to lose. Finally there is episodic memory, which is the record of events that a person stores throughout his or her experience. Recent studies show that these events, as soon as they occur, are sent to a temporary part of the brain called the hippocampus, and that over time they are moved to the neocortex for permanent storage. (5).

There are many proposed divisions and sub-divisions of human memory, such as working memory, procedural memory, semantic memory or episodic memory. Many of the systems seem to overlap, with each having varying functions related to the maintenance of

Further, putting the correct numbers/alphabets in the keyboard and then using the keys to open the safe etc. He uses algorithmic steps and processes to get the money out of the safe (Friedenberg & Silverman, 2012, p.20). Therefore, procedural memory is a part of long-term memory because it it responsible for memorizing skills, being able to do things without conscious recall (Friedenberg & Silverman, 2012,

Behavioural: social isolation, disorganised behaviour, aggression, agitation, compulsive behaviour, excitability, hostility, repetitive movements, self-harm, or lack of restraint

In another case could present a disinhibited syndrome, showing hyperactivity, difficulty to stop or slow down certain behaviors, loss of self-criticism, inappropriate social behavior, disregard for others, and sometimes memory and disinhibition or sexual

For example, the ability to mentally construct scenes, a process typically associated with the hippocampus

Procedural knowledge entails apprehending 'how' so to do something. We will not be capable of explaining how we did it. However, procedural knowledge suggests implied learning and may include being able to use a specific form of understanding or producing language without significantly being able to explain it. clearly, It is conceivable to understand all of the conditions behind driving a car, without actually knowing how to drive a car. Yourself will comprehend what pedal is the accelerator and which is the brake and where the handbrake is and what it does. But till you get behind the wheel and read how to implement everything this theory, you will not know how to drive. Knowing how to drive means maintaining a skill, being able to do something,

(1). Therefore, once one sees something else or takes part in a new conversation is it difficult to remember all of the details from the one before. Declarative memory includes remembering facts one has used effort to learn in the past, and things one has tried to remember. The last part of memory, procedural memory, consists of everything one has learned by repetition, such as playing an instrument or sport, driving a car, or walking.

Behaviors are fairly different and are free from social infuluence, where shared knowledge will hahve no impact on personal knoewledge. Personal knowledge is all defined by personal experiences and thoughts. However, these thoughts usually occur because of shared knowledge. It can further be argued that shared knowledge will always play a larger role in impacting personal knowledge. This idea will be explored through Natural Sciences and the Arts. Further investigations will be taken to prove how shared knowledge shapes personal knowledge. The knowledge question is to what extent can shared knowledge shape personal knowledge? Shared knowledge is influenced by society, rather than individiual thought. As individuals if we accept shared knowledge are we also accepting an external objective reality? This question will also be explored through the two areas of