Short Term Memory Study

Outline and evaluate research in to the duration, capacity and encoding information in short term memory.

Memory span is a measure of short term memory and its capacity through the use of a list. Participants are asked to review a list of items, retain, and immediately recall as accurate as possible. The list may be conducted with a random list of numbers, words, or letters since these items may influence differently amongst each participant. The list is also varied in item length to test in which particular length the participant is subject to make the least of errors and determine their memory span. The average short-term memory capacity is ranged

Our short-term memory is said to require the allocation of cognitive resources (Atkinson & Shiffrin 1968). Peterson & Peterson (1959) conducted the classic study of short-term

In the video, there are three key things to maintain long term memory and that is exposure, review, and practice. Exposure require that you attend class and listen to the lecture, and keep up to date with the material and lesson on hand by reviewing the lesson before the class start. Review requires the student to slim down the note though a summary sheet. Using three by five cards to write vocabulary or history can help with reviewing much like a quiz. Making a concept map can also help with summarizing the notes by making a visual representation of the note. Practice requires that a person to recite the material, join group study, and simple problem solving. Reciting your note is much like talking to yourself to ensure that you are organizing

My biggest take away this week was how restricted our short-term/working memory really is. We can only hold 4 to 7 distinct memories at one time in the short-term memory (as the first video stated). When I took the memory quiz my memory score was 76%. I think this is a decent score, but if I focused better I could have gotten a better score. I think this score is relatively average or maybe even above average hopefully! I consider myself to have a pretty good memory overall and enjoyed the quiz. I believe I am generally good with names and faces, as well as recalling memories from my childhood. Also, I am good at memorization and recalling random facts from a long time ago. I can recall many memories and fun times I have had in the past easily

Sternberg posed subjects the task of identifying whether or not a target letter, the "probe item" (BOOK, YEAR, p. 181), appeared in a set or not after storage in short-term memory, retrieval of which was timed, in order to investigate the processes of short-term memory. Subjects were given probe letters in various groupings, and then stopped a timer when they had verified the presence of the probe items in a second group of letters or not. This was an innovation on earlier research where the "father of Dutch opthalmology" F. C. Donders (Duke-Elder, 1959, p. 1) had tried to imply memory speed by subtracting one verbal memory task from a group of other tasks, which Sternberg improved by increasing and standardizing test iterations with methodical variation, so that a more robust sample could then rule out confounds introduced by potential interaction between Donders' test elements (BOOK, YEAR, p. 181). The result was a pathbreaking insight into how short-term memory achieves retrieval, which Sternberg found was "serial exhaustive" (BOOK, YEAR, p. 184), where the short-term memory starts by verifying the presence or absence of the probe item in the first position in the "memory set" (ibid.) group of letters, and then started checking the second position for the probe letter(s); and then the third, to the nth set position, rather than searching the whole memory set at the same time (parallel), in

It was harder for me to detect a scene change in the trials with a flicker between photographs than without a flicker. Reason for this is that without the flicker, the image stays completely intact unless the second photograph appears with a change that will stand out for me instantly. With the flicker present, I only saw the first picture for a couple seconds, proceeded by a grey background and then the second picture with or without a change. The problem here is that “people do no store many details of a scene in memory” (CogLab). My short term memory isn’t reliable, thus I have to stare at the first image at least 3 times to remember it and maybe detect a change on the second image depending on how obvious that change is. My data

There are many steps in the process of remembering information to be recalled when taking the exam. The first step is for the information from our textbook must be encoded to be able to be stored in the brain and recalled from the short-term and long-term memory. A memory is encoded through our perceptions based on our senses, attention and emotions creating sensations. These sensations are then decoded in the sensory areas of the cortex and are then combined as one memory in the hippocampus. These memories are then passed on to our short-term memory where the information will stay for a short amount of time. Your short term memory can only hold 7-9 pieces of information for no longer than 20 seconds. After these 20 seconds these short term

The purpose of this study was to further investigate the theory that a female’s short-term memory capacity is larger than a males. A small group of females and males were presented with 30 images for 40 seconds. After, they were asked to write down all the images they remembered. A t-test was performed following this experiment to determine the differences between females and males in relation to their responses on how many imagines they could recall after a minute. The results supported the conclusion that males have greater short-term capacity (t(20) = 9.23, p<.05).

Short term memory loss is memory last about thirty seconds then you will most likely going to forget what you are trying to say or what you were suppose to be doing When some people have short term memory loss they attend to get emotional because they forgot something very important and they would be upset because they would try to remember but they can’t . when a person have short term memory they should take a note and put it somewhere they would look everyday to remember what that need to do. When having short term memory loss it can be very bad because you can keep asking the same question and you had forgot that you already asked a person that question that’s when short term memory gets worst and you have to go see a doctor about

Before completing this assignment I would have classified myself as a very observant person. I would have said that being an eye witness would be something I could excel at when placed in the given situation. This activity has completely changed my view, due to only being able to answer four out of the seven questions asked. After immediately watching the video I believe that my short term memory would allow me to have good information and understanding about what had occurred in the video. Should it have been hours or even days before I was interviewed in real life, my memory would have been squeed and the information even less reliable.

The “serial position effect” (Holt et al., 2012, p. 283) is whereby what we remember is dependent on the position of the information we receive, for example a list of letters or “words” (Holt et al., 2012, p. 283). This can be explained in terms of the “three stage model” as when we are first receive information it goes into our “sensory memory” (Holt et al., 2012, p. 279) as we use our senses to identify the information, such as sight or hearing if the information is given out loud (Holt et al., 2012, p. 279). However people are not always able to remember all the information they have received but what they are able to remember is the result of the information being moved to what is known as the “ working/short-term memory” (Holt et l., 2012,

In the cognitive test the subjects did computerized modified flanker task to assess their inhibitory control. They did congruent and incongruent trials that required the subjects to press a button to the direction of the centrally presented target arrow. In the congruent trials the arrows were facing the same direction and in the incongruent trials the middle arrow is facing the opposite direction of the others. It was a total of 20 trials the arrows. They did a Free recall memory test that access the subjects’ declarative short memory. The subjects had a 20-item word list that was presented 1 word at a time, 5 sec each for a 100 sec. After the 100 seconds, a cue was signaled that the subjects were to write

If you witnessed a crime, and you were called by the court to deliver an eyewitness testimony, could you? Research has been done to test the accuracy of eyewitness testimonies. My experiment is to see how accurate you can remember something from a while ago (about 5 minutes). I’m also testing the power of suggestion, and how easy it is to change someone’s mind. The volunteers will have ranging ages from 9 all the way to about 60.

Table 1 shows the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) for Block, Serial Position, and Trial Type. We found a main effect of Serial Position (F(8,184) = 49.44, p &lt; .05). We also found a main effect of Trial Type (F(1.23) = 24.44, p &lt; .05). We found an interaction of Block X Serial Position (F(8,184) = 2.70, p &lt; .05). No interaction was found for Block X Serial Position X Trial Type (F(8,184) = .82, NS). Table 2 presents the means and standard errors for Block 1, Serial Position, and Trial Type. Table 3 presents the means and standard errors for Block 2, Serial Position, and Trial Type. Figure 1 presents the means and standard errors of Serial Position and Trial Type for Block 1. Figure 2 presents the means and standard errors of