Short-Term Memory: The Grouping Of Words Into Categories

Short term memory is a part of the memory storage system. This is capable of storing information for a very short period of time as the duration that short term memory is limited. This was researched by psychologists Peterson and Peterson in 1959, they conducted a huge

The participating students were observed for a period of two days. It took place during reading class. The observation had to be during the beginning of class until

Participants/Subjects of experiment one: Seventy-one male and female undergraduates. .A11 had taken psychological tests approximately 2 weeks earlier.

The sample for this study consisted of 222 participants who were second year psychology students from the University of Newcastle. All students were participating as part of a course requirement and all had given their consent to participating in the study.

The study was conducted using college students. Fifty-nine female and thirteen male students in introductory psychology courses at New York University

Participant included in this study were 24 university students (50% females), recruited from introductory psychology and health courses at Edith Cowan University. The age of the participants ranged from 18 to 45 years (M= 30.95; SD= 8.60). The students volunteered when asked by the experimenters during class lectures.

Participants in the study will be one hundred undergraduate students at the University of Toronto St. George, who are enrolled in the course of Introduction to Psychology (PSY100H1). Those participants will be selected randomly and participation will be voluntary for course credit or exchange for $10.

The research assistant was given a set of packets numbered 081 to 096 (N = 16) with each packet containing either a set of consonants to learn with a word-based distractor (n = 4), a set of consonants with a number-based distractor (n = 4), a set of numbers with a word-based distractor (n = 4), or a set of numbers with a number-based distractor (n = 4). Upon agreeing to participate, participants were randomly assigned to their respective condition using a 2 (character set: consonants vs. digits) X 2 (distractor: word-based vs. number-based) between subjects design. Participants were given 60 seconds to study the character set they were assigned to learn, 30 seconds to complete the distractor task, then 60 seconds to recall as many of the original character sets they

Having short term memory is an important thing to have. Without short term memory we wouldn’t be able to recall things from only moments before. Short Term Memory is the ability to recall things from moments to days before. Imagine having a conversation with someone and then as soon as your attention is redirected you forget what you’ve just been told.

Cognitive psychology deals with the mental aspects of processes such as memory where there are many methods, known as mnemonics, which attributes to the expansion of information that can be retained by a person. One method used is chunking, the practices of taking chunks of separate information and organizing them into larger units so that information becomes easier to recall, which is demonstrated in Tulving’s “Subjective Organization in Free Recall of ‘Unrelated’ Words” (1962). Tulving (1962) aim to measure the extent of recall on verbal items when presented in different orders. Tulving asked sixteen female undergraduates to learn a list of 16 words that would be presented on sixteen separate trials, each trial had the words in a different

The distribution of the participants by gender included 26 females and 6 males. The age of the participants ranged from 19 to 41 years old (M= 20.725, SD=5.15). All subjects are students who attend the University of Kentucky and are enrolled in PSY 427 Cognitive Psychology class instructed by Dr. Gottlob.

General Topic and Hypothesis Verbal short-term memory (STM) is better maintained when a person has knowledge of the sounds and meanings of words presented. This semantic knowledge is demonstrated by the impact of semantic manipulations (e.g. word perceptibility) and by neuropsychological studies of word recall deficits. This can be explained either by redintegration or language based accounts. Redintegration is the long-term knowledge of lexical forms of words that facilitate item reconstruction. Language based accounts suggest that STM is supported by temporary activation of long-term linguistic representations prior to recall. The present study examines phoneme-level errors to assess the predictions of the semantic binding hypothesis, which

Participants for this experiment included 194 students at UCF who are enrolled in PSY 3213 Research Methods in Psychology, roughly ages 18-22.

The aim of the investigation is to research the use of semantically grouped words, to aid memory recall. This relates to studies such as the Method of Loci which believed since all the words are connected in an environment they are easier to remember as they are associated together. [1] The experimental hypothesis is that the number of words recalled will be increased by the words being related. Laboratory experiment was the method used, in a lecture theatre setting and a within participant’s design. Twenty, first year psychology students, ages 17 to 38 years old, were studied on their ability to recall words read out by the examiner after a period of time. In the first condition the words were unrelated while in the second condition the words were all related together and this caused an increase in the participants remembering them. In condition one the mean number of words recalled was 6.6 with the highest score being 9, while on the other hand, condition two had a mean of 10.2 words recalled and the highest scoring participant got 12 words correct.

Memory is the process involved in retaining, retrieving and using information about stimuli, images, events, ideas and skills after the original information is no longer present. We can relate this case with what we learn in psychology. Short term memory holds information from 15 until 30 seconds whereas long term memory holds information for years. Short-term memory (STM) is the system that is involved in storing small amount of information for a brief period of time while long-term memory (LTM) is the system that is responsible for storing information for long periods of time and recall information about past events in lives and knowledge learned.