Should Occupational Science be Guided by a Universal Paradigm?

Give examples of being able to maintain legal and good practice requirements when assessing occupational competence.

The purpose of the Occupational Outlook Handbook is to help you look for career information, education and training, and pay. One of the few things you can find in OOH is getting fist class information about a career such as how it work, what are the requirements for that career, and their income. It helps you to get a better understanding of each career so you can decide what career works best for you. Another thing found in OOH is featured occupations, it shows you a few careers that have been projected to grow in the years. The OOH also provides information about time use in america, unemployment, and employment.

In this chapter, James Lull begins by explaining what hegemony is, “the dominance that one social group holds over others” (Lull, 2015, p. 39). According to the text this is not through direct dominance, instead it is created through underlying politics and ideology. In politics, socially powerful people use their influence to convince those with less power that it is in their best interest to do what is actually in those who are socially powerful best interest. There is actually no benefit to the ladder at all, but through social dominance and persuasion is made to seem that it is.

Somewhere, on the edge of consciousness, there is what I call a mythical norm, which each of us within our hearts knows "that is not me." ... [T]his norm is usually defined as white, thin, male, young, heterosexual, Christian and financially secure. It is with this mythical norm that the trappings of power reside within this society. (as cited in Perry, 2011, p. 57)

Within a single culture there are differences based on religion, politics, nationality, race, and ideology that go largely unassumed by its members. This leads to people defining others in ways that are entirely inaccurate. Members of these imagined communities who live without their identities being recognized by the larger majority are very similar to the subordinate, more “primitive” cultures that exist in the world in the sense that most of the time, they go unacknowledged by larger, more advanced powers. When these subsidiary entities are unable to make themselves known, they simply become easily influenced by higher powers since they tend to become “a quiescent, ignorant, manipulable electorate” (Pratt, 510). It is vital that these marginalized peoples learn to make themselves heard, for there are many principles and ideas that can be learnt from them.

At the beginning of the article, Crawford outlined the increased of demand for technical jobs, "making the manual trades- plumbing, electrical work, car repair- more attractive as careers” (n.p). Although it is idealized as "the salt of the earth", in reality, workers are prevented from joining this field by family members (n.p). Believed to be no-brain work, the author argued that trades turn out to require a lot of effort and “metacognition” in order to “eliminate variables…The gap between theory and practice stretches

A faith-based education can help me expand my worldview. Working towards an advanced education at Loma Linda University will further expand both my personal and professional worldview. For example, if I am admitted to the MSOT program, I will be placed in the occupational therapy cohort that may be composed of people from different parts of the world. Together, we will work towards achieving a common goal. As a result, both my personal and professional perspective will cultivate through experience and learning from staff, faculty, and peers. Nevertheless, I am confident, I will understand how occupational therapy functions through a spiritual view.

In my professional career, I hope to become the best occupational therapist that I can be. I want to remain up to date with current literature and the best practice available, and make sure that occupation is a focal point of my treatment sessions. However, after gaining clinical experience, I see my end goal as being an occupational therapy researcher. I love academia and feel as though my specific skill set would be most effectively utilized in the research field. I have a strong passion for occupational therapy and want to contribute to the strength and solidarity of our field, especially with the changing health care trends.

The concept discussed in The Philosophical Base of Occupational Therapy (AOTA 2011) regarding the necessity and desire for all individuals to participate in meaningful and purposeful activities best applies to Sandy Sewell's successful life despite her hardships she has overcome.. Her story is exceptional because during the time of her childhood a person with disabilities was still regarded as inferior to a non-handicapped individual and were not afforded the same liberties. All her accomplishments she achieved throughout her life confirms the efficacy for this notion. I believe if she did not engage in meaningful activities at a young age she might not have become the amazing woman she is today. The Philosophical Base of the Occupational

In the scenario, there are three things that are factually wrong with the study. The first is it says that the wavelength of blue is 650 nanometres. Lilienfeld et al. (2014) shows a picture of the wavelength spectrum. The picture presents a scale from 400 nanometres (which is pink or violent) to 700 nanometres (which is red). On the wavelength spectrum, 650 nanometres is not blue. It shows that it is orange; blue would be somewhere between 490 to 500 nanometres. The second fact that is wrong in this study is the researcher is a clinical psychologist, not an occupational psychologist. An occupational psychologist works with people within the work environment and how people behave at work (Liam Healy & Associates, 2010). Lilienfeld et al. (2014) says that a clinical psychologist perform assessment and diagnosis of the person, and treatment of mental disorders of people. To learn more about mental disorders, clinical psychologists conduct researches with people with mental disorders. This could consist of students and faculty in colleges and universities, mental health care centres, or private practices. With the scenario, the researcher as a clinical psychologist makes more sense than an occupational psychologist. The third fact that is wrong with the scenario is that there is actually no control group. In the scenario, the researcher randomly assigned people into two groups; experimental and control. The experimental group was to look at the brighter side of the picture and

A world of system designed to keep people in unjust and unequal positions is held in place by several interrelated expression of "power over": political power, economic power, physical force, and ideological power (Bishop, 1994: 36). So, we can say power is defined as a possession of control, authority or influence over others. In terms of power of dominant groups over subordinate groups, we define power as domination of one group of people over another in major important spheres of life. Power inequities have been in existence throughout the history of humanity and the ways of manifestation evolved from extreme overt oppression to subtle, covert oppression. Three major forms of power inequalities discussed in this paper are

This is done deliberately through representations of the other by the dominant group, as they have the power to mark, assign and classify (Hall, 2001), to justify the subordination of these groups (Lorber, 1994). It is through these subordinate characteristics (stereotypes) assigned to the subordinate groups that they become the way in which the group is defined and hierarchically stratified on the basis of race, class, sexuality or gender and then become naturalised through discourse (Hall, 2001). For example black people are hyper-sexualised and characteristics such as barbaric and savage are associated with them (Hall, 2001). This then becomes the reason why black people are seen as inferior and in need of being subordinated, oppressed and marginalised. This is then articulated through discourse and by doing this the dominant group maintains power as it is connected with knowledge; knowledge that dominant groups aim to replace their own specialized thought so as to produce internalised oppression in subordinate groups (Collins, 1990).

Society is a structured hierarchical system of classes. The higher class you hold, the higher power often associated to you. With this construction of society one-group claims dominance over another doing so with “power over” (Bishop, 2015). Power over others can be visible through physical strength, wealth, resources, and access to opportunities, etc. These dominate groups not only spread ideas, but often are in charge of the creation of ideas, their importance, and the norms and roles for society and classes labeling groups different than their own as inferior.

Though such institutions are capable of reaffirming certain statements of power, hegemony itself is, as Raymond Williams states, "a whole body of practices and expectations...our ordinary understanding of the nature of man and his world...a sense of reality...a sense of absolute" (4).

In “Biographies of Hegemony” by Karen Ho, she emphasizes that it is “only through the small and the everyday that we can understand the criteria of hegemony in all its particularity and contextuality” (168). To fully understand and evaluate someone or a group, people must look at the small qualities they have and the everyday stories each person has lived or seen. Smallness can be defined as certain experiences and individual characteristics that are overlooked, especially by big businesses and corporations such as Wall Street. By knowing a person down to their core and reviewing their small stories and individual experiences, people can begin to unravel and fully understand hegemony and how it came to be. Smallness tends to be overlooked and