Should Tax Be Paid?

We noticed a discrepancy in the sales tax wording on the invoices from the Ecova download. We contacted Duke Energy regarding the discrepancy and were informed we can request new invoices from Duke Energy that will have the correct language regarding the sales tax.

Taxes are unavoidable because government is needed and government operates on tax revenues. The FairTax is a tax-inclusive progressive national retail sales tax that replaces every other federal tax in America. The new national sales tax would be 23%. Although there have been some questions as to whether the sales tax rate is 23% or 30% and they stem from the meaning of tax-inclusive and tax exclusive. The sales tax in Florida is an example of an exclusive tax because it works of a preset base. If a person buys something for 1$ and pays a .30$ tax on it the sales tax is 30 percent because it is .30$ on the dollar. With the inclusive tax the item would cost 1.30 because the tax is included with the cost. The tax rate of 23% is calculated by

Hoffman, W., Maloney, D., Raabe, W., & Young, J. (2013). Federal Taxation Comprehensive Volume. (36 ed.). Ohio: South-W

Income tax, as defined by thefreedictionary.com, is “A charge imposed by government on the annual gains of a person, corporation, or other taxable unit derived through work, business pursuits, investments, property dealings, and other sources determined in accordance with the Internal Revenue Code or state law.” In layman 's terms, Income tax is money taken out of someone 's pay and given to the government, state, federal, or in some cases both. Some special exceptions apply, but in the states being covered in this essay, being Florida and Oregon, those exceptions will not bother us as of right now, although we will look at them later as a point of comparison. Today we are asking

This was also claimed as a benefit of the Texas Lottery and look what happened to that? It is all well and good to say something will work but until it is in place, would one not know for sure. Unfortunately, the cost of implementing such a personal tax would blow the benefits right out of the water. It would be not be cost effective to propose such a tax, since the start up costs would be prohibitive. Both counties and cities receive huge revenues in their collection of sales tax. To consider cutting that back would be

Sales tax is a tax imposed by the government at the point of sale on retail goods and services.(Investopedia Contributors) It is collected by the retailer and passed on to the state.(Investopedia Contributors) Every Time you swipe your credit card, according to your state’s law, a percentage of the total amount worth of the goods is paid to the government. Inside the City limits of Tulsa, the sales tax and use tax is 8.517%.(“sales tax in Tulsa”) But when you go to another state and shop, such as california, the standard statewide rate of 7.50%.(“California City $ County Sales $ Use Tax Rates”) But when you shop online, it’s a different case, whether to pay sales tax depends on the retailer’s location. The current default rule throughout the United States is that you must collect sales tax on Internet sales to customers in those states where your business has a “physical presence”. (Steingold)

A state or local authority does not necessarily violate the commerce clause when having created a market through a state funded program requires out-of-staters to pay a minimal percentage as their fair share to participate in the program. McBurney v. Young, 133 S. Ct. 1709 (2013). While this requirement might seem protectionist in a loose sense, it simply reflects the fundamental function of a state government—to maintain an even-handed and fair access to state services for the benefit of all residents. The fee in question is to be applied to an activity with a substantial nexus with Eastland, it is minimal and fairly-apportioned, and it is nondiscriminatory. Furthermore, there is an undeniable rational relationship between the fee and the activity covered. Trinova Corp. v. Mich. Dep't of Treasury, 498 U.S. 358 (1991). The citizens of Eastland has already paid their fair quota through the state tax, which out-of-staters did not pay. It is only fair that they contribute their fair share to benefit from the program. Additionally, the money will cover the extra cost necessary to maintain the routine and proper inspection of the out of state disposal services. Even if, concededly, there is any burden on interstate commerce, it

No. According to the Commerce Clause of the U.S. Constitution, Congress has the authority to regulate interstate commerce. The Supreme Court has also recognized the so-called "Dormant Commerce Clause" according to which any state or local laws that conflict with or interfere with the regulation of interstate commerce by Congress is impliedly preempted by the authority of Congress over that area (Nowak & Rotunda, 2007). The law imposed by the state of Confusion directly conflicts with the supremacy of federal authority to regulate interstate commerce and is, therefore, invalid as a matter of constitutional law.

A Florida based company, GoodCat LLC did not seek to declare the law as unconstitutional, instead they focused on the "security requirements" of the law. U.S. District Judge Richard L. Young found that the "security requirements" of the Indiana law resulted in a violation of the U.S. Constitution's Commerce Clause. The Commerce Clause declares that the states cannot pass laws that discriminate or hinder interstate business. The law created by the state of Indiana inadvertently created a monopoly. The state went from having 164 out of state businesses selling products in Indiana to only 2, and 13 in state businesses to 4. In Young's decision he wrote "The Acts security requirements are such that only one local firm can provide a state-mandated service for commercial access to Indiana's market for e-liquids. ...As one might predict, the lone firm's capacity in fact favors local commerce at the expense of interstate commerce.” (3) Indiana’s vaping law in and of itself was not unconstitutional. However, an unintended consequence of the law’s security requirements was that it created a discriminatory setting for interstate commerce resulting in out-of- state companies suffering substantial financial

Rome, Athens, and Egypt were definitely known to have general sales taxes. The Romans were responsible for taking sales taxes to the rest of Europe. It included France and Spain. From 1342 until the 18th century, Spain had a national sales tax in place. The rates ultimately reached 10 to 15 percent. The development of modern state sales taxes goes back to the depression era. Kentucky had the first levied tax. It was based exclusively on retailers. In 1930, the initial tax passed. It was progressive, but was replaced in 1934 with a three percent flat rate tax. Then, it was eliminated in 1936. In 1960, the current Kentucky sales tax was adopted. In 1930, Commerce Clearinghouse credits Mississippi with the first sales tax. The District of Columbia and Forty-five states currently impose sales taxes. Twenty-four of the fifty states first levied the tax during the 1930s, six states levied the tax during 1940s, five states levied the tax during the 1950s, and eleven states levied the tax during the 1960s. Vermont was the last state to impose a sales tax in 1969. Oregon, Montana, New Hampshire, Delaware and Alaska do not levy general sales taxes. Arkansas adopted general sales taxes in 1935.

Amazon was originally incorporated in Washington in 1994 and later reincorporated in the state of Delaware in 1996. Amazon.com (Amazon), like Overstock is an online retailer that sells all sorts of different products and merchandise on its website. According to Mergent Online, the products on Amazon’s website “primarily include merchandise and content purchased for resale from vendors and those provided by party sellers, and it also manufactures and sells the Kindle e-reader” and they also provide “services such as Amazon Web Services (AWS), fulfillment, miscellaneous marketing and promotional agreements, such as online advertising and co-branded credit cards. Amazon consists of two separate business segments, North America and International. North America consists of “amounts earned from retail sales of consumer products (including from sellers) and subscriptions through North America-focused websites such as www.amazon.com and www.amazon.ca and include amounts earned from AWS” and includes the export sales from the above mentioned websites (Mergent Online, 2011). The International business segment consists of “amounts earned from retail sales of consumer products (including from sellers) and subscriptions

I personally believe national sales tax would be unfair to the current tax system. I believe that it wouldn't be fair because it would burden the poor. National sales tax is a tax based on consumption. People in poverty spend most of their income trying to buy all their necessitiees. Due to the fact that they spend most of thei income that means their taxes would be higher because of how much of thei money they're spending. This is truly a huge disadvantage for the poor. That is why i believe it is an unfair alternative to the current tax

Consider the town of Tritown with only three residents, Ed, Jim, and Tony. The three residents are trying to determine

I separated the items in my receipt by putting them into two categories. The first category was items that were taxed, the second category was items that were not taxed. This helped me organize the items in the receipt and to tell the difference between the taxed and non-taxed items. In doing this I learned that only some items get taxed. Food does not get taxed because it is a necessity for all people. Things that are taxed are items that are not food. Items like office supplies, shoes, clothes,etc. These items get taxed because they aren’t really a must have like food is. Food is not taxed because it is something we must all be able to afford. Items that are not food don’t get taxed because they are resources that not everyone needs.

A major source of revenue enhancements for states across the US is the sales tax, which taxes goods and services that are being sold. One member of the family of sales taxes is the Value-added Tax. The VAT increases the value of the product being produced by taxing each stage of its production or distribution (Anastakis, N.D.). The key distinction between the VAT and the sales and use tax is, the VAT is applied in each stage, whereas sales tax only taxes one stage of activity from the manufacturer to the retailer (“Difference between VAT and Sales Tax,” 2011). Although the VAT is not implemented in the United States, it remains a popular tax system in over 150 countries around the world, including in the European Union