Sickle Cell Anemia Research Paper

Sickle Cell Anemia is a very serious disorder and people suffer from it every day. It is a genetic disorder that causes the hemoglobin in the red blood cell to distort and form into a sickle like shape. The name comes from the shape of the blood cell after it is mutated. A person who has sickle cell anemia got it from inheriting from the parents. It is the most common inherited disorder in the United States. It is also has four other names this disorder can go by HbS, Hemoglobin S Disease, SCD, and Sickle Cell .(https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov)the blood cell is formed wrong turning it into a sickle or crescent shape. Sickle cell is only a disorder. It can also be treated a lot of different ways.

Sickle cell anemia occurs when a person inherits two abnormal genes (one from each parent) that cause their red blood cells to change shape. Instead of being flexible and round, these cells are more rigid and curved in the shape of the farm tool known as a sickle - that's where the disease gets its name. The shape

Westerdale, Neill, MSC, RSCN, RGN (March 2004). Managing the Problem of Pain in Adolescents with Sickle Cell Disease

Last semester in clinical, there was a patient with sickle cell anemia and he automatically sparked an interest in me. The patient was quite young and was in so much pain that he could not even bear to be touched by the nurse and reported a pain level of 8. Before my encounter with this patient, I did not know much about sickle cell anemia and decided to do some research on this disease. In my research, I learned that a majority of these patients go through acute pain episodes that occur chronically. After learning this and thinking about the young boy in the hospital, I wanted to discover more about how the pain in these patients are managed and controlled.

But, with severe pain crisis hospital provides morphine or oxycodone to help prevent the pain. Anemia is a very common complication of Sickle Cell Disease. When anemia occurs a person might have; pale skin, yellow skin, white eyes, slow growth, and delayed puberty. This brief paragraph will let a person know the main part about sickle cell. On how it is treated, the symptoms, and how it is cause. So, now when a person you know that has sickle cell you can let them know you learned a little about sickle cell to help their friend. I still think people with sickle cell disease still can have a regualer life all they have to do is watch what they do every time. Also, they will need to make sure that they are well hydrated at all times. Once you are not hydrated having sickle cell can be the worse thing because of the pain and how bad it comes. Sickle cell diesaes doesn’t ruin one person life it just take that one person know what they can do and cant do at all times. There are doctors that help with sickle cell too. These doctors’ helps you maintain your pain crisis and let you know what you can and cannot do at

Sickle Cell Disease, also known as SCD, is a group of genetic red blood cell disorders marked by abnormalities in the hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells made up of alpha and beta chains that helps to deliver oxygen throughout the body. Unlike normal red blood cells that have a circular, biconcave shape, sickle red blood cells have hemoglobin S which causes them to become stiff, sticky and shaped like sickles. Usually normal red blood cells would move smoothly through small blood tubes, but with the shape of sickle red blood cells, movement through blood vessels will be difficult and they may stick together causing a clog in the flow of blood, oxygen, and even healthy, normal red blood cells. Oxygen deprivation causes erythrocytes to form this sickle shape. “The sickle cell mutation is caused by a single nucleotide effecting a change in the β-globin gene, resulting in the substitution of valine for glutamic acid as the sixth amino acid of β-globin.”

Sickle Cell Anemia is a genetic disease that causes some red blood cells to take the form of a sickle this form is more easily destroyed which can lead to anemia. The disease is caused by defective hemoglobin. There are different types of hemoglobin, but Hemoglobin A is the primary hemoglobin affected by sickle cell. Hemoglobin A is made up of 2 alpha globin chains and 2 beta globin chains. The beta globin chain becomes misshapen due to a mutation. The mutation in the beta globin chain occurs when the sixth amino acid is valine instead of glutamic acid. Valine is Hydrophobic which has different properties than glutamic acid which is Hydrophilic. When the cell is deoxygenated it combinates with other cells that have the mutation

Originating in Africa, the Sickle Cell Disease wasn’t discovered until 1910 in the United States making it’s 100th anniversary in 2010. Since the discovery, many people have been affected by it. People can either carry the disease or the trait. When a person carries the disease, they have all the symptoms of sickle cell. When a person carries the trait they are not affected by the symptoms but will pass the gene down to their offspring.

Roughly two billion- over 30%- of the world’s population is anemic. Anemia is a serious condition which is marked by a deficiency of healthy red blood cells. Many people develop anemia because of a lack of iron in the blood or during menstruation. However, anemia can be caused by decreased or faulty blood cells. One of the most widely known classifications of anemia is sickle cell anemia, a hereditary disorder in which the body manufactures sickle (crescent) shaped red blood cells. Normal red blood cells are disc-shaped and can move easily through blood vessels, while sickle cells are oblong, curved, and stiff. They tend to block blood flow in the blood vessels of the limbs and organs, which can cause pain and organ damage. It can raise the

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a hereditary blood disorder that occurs due to an abnormality in the oxygen-carrying protein hemoglobin found in red blood cells which causes the sickle hemoglobin (HbS) to polymerize and form a sickle or a crescent shape instead of the circular shape of healthy red blood cells (Sickle Cell Disease, George). Ribosomes are responsible for the creation of protein in the body, meaning it is most likely that the ribosomes malfunctioned in the creating of the hemoglobin. A lack of healthy blood cells can lead to lack of oxygen and decreased blood flow throughout the body (Sickle cell anemia, mayoclinic.org). This can cause many different

Sickle cell disease is a kind of disease that contains a group of disorders that affects hemoglobin, the oxygen-carrying molecule in red blood cells that transfers oxygen to cells (U.S. NIH, 2012). A particular mutation in the HBB (hemoglobin, beta) gene causes sickle cell anemia, a common form of sickle cell disease (U.S. NIH, 2014).

Sickle cell anemia is an anemia that is inherited and mostly affects people whose heritage can be traced back to places where malaria was prevalent. There are approximately 100,000 Americans that have the disease and many more with the trait. Several of my family members are afflicted by this medical condition that causes red blood cells to take on an irregular shape.

Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is one of the most prevalent recessive autosomal diseases in the world, affecting approximately 300,000 newborns each year, with the number predicted to rise to 400,000 by the year 2050. It is a disease of the β-globin gene (HBB), whereby a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) causes the β6 glutamic acid (Glu) to mutate into valine (Val). The resulting Glu6Val changes the conformation of the red blood cell (RBC) because Val is hydrophobic and Glu is acidic, polar, and has a negative charge. This SNP causes the hemoglobin (Hb) to alter its tertiary structure, forming Hb S which then creates long polymers that alter the RBC’s shape. Many forms of treatment for SCA are being researched, with some of the most promising results coming from gene therapy. Although gene therapy does provide a promising outlook for many diseases, the technique is still under

Sickle Cell Anemia was the first diagnosed disease that was linked to the hemoglobin protein and genetically characterized. In 1910 Sickle cell disease was first characterized when Dr. B. Herrick wrote a report about a patient who suffered from a "strange disease" including such symptoms as asthmatic conditions and blood flow problems including body ulcers.

Sickle Cell is an inherited form of an abnormal red blood cell disorder. Sickle cell anemia is when your body produces abnormal hemoglobin (hemoglobin S) which is found in red blood cells. The abnormally shaped red blood cells are shaped in a crescent like form, this makes them sticky and rigid and prone to getting trapped in small vessels, which blocks blood flow to important parts of the body, this is how Sickle cell got its name. Sickle cell anemia occurs when a person inherits two abnormal copies of the hemoglobin gene, which is found in chromosome 11 in both parents. Hemoglobin or Haemoglobin is the iron-containing oxygen-transport metalloprotein in the red blood cell of all vertebrates as well as the tissues of some invertebrates. There are seven different types of sickle cell.