Sickle Cell Disease: Case Study

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Introduction Sickle cell disease is a chronic condition that a person can inherit from their parents in which it effects the globular structure of the patients red blood cells. A more sickle shaped structure, which can alter a person’s blood flow, replaces the more common globular structure. This impairment in blood flow can lead to blood clots, severe debilitating pain and damage to vital organs such as the liver, kidney and spleen. This disease currently affects over 90,000 people in the United States, with the majority of them being African American and

Sickle Cell Disease Sickle Cell Disease is an illness that affects people all across the globe. This paper will give a description of the sickness through the discussion of the causes, symptoms, and possible cures. Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is a "group of inherited red blood cell disorders."(1) These disorders can have various afflictions, such as pain, damage and a low blood count--Sickle Cell Anemia.

Funding of sickle cell diseases because of Race. “In the United States, it's estimated that sickle cell anemia affects 70,000–100,000 people, mainly African Americans” (NHLBI, NIH, Who is at risk for sickle cell anemia). SCD is a disease that is a serious disorder in which the body can make normal blood cells and sickle shape cells. Sickle shape cells can block the blood flow in your vessels and cause pain or organ damage also put you in risk for infections. SCD has no cure available but there are many treatments out there to deal with the complications of it. From over years treatments did get better from way back in the day doctors have learned. Sickle cell disease has lack of attention and funding because it’s only affecting

Sickle Cell anemia is a group of inherited red blood cell disorders, or a collection of recessive genetic disorders characterized by a hemoglobin variant called Hb S. Normal red blood cells are round like doughnuts, and they move through small blood tubes in the body to deliver oxygen. Sickle

Running head: PICA QUALITY IMPROVEMENT PROJECT​1 Pica Quality Improvement Project Name Institutional Affiliation Quality Improvement Project Reasons for Selecting the Article My interest in the sickle-cell disease (also known as sickle-cell anemia), its causes and

Jacquelyn Sayikanmi Understanding Sickle Cell Disease Introduction Sickle cell disease (SCD) occurs in 1 out of every 365 African American births compared to 1 out of 16,000 Hispanic-American births (1). SCD is a group of red blood cell disorders in which patients have a sickle or moon-shaped red blood cell due to an abnormal S hemoglobin. While sickle cell disease is relatively rare in American births, this is an alarming statistic among people of Sub-Saharan (west and central) African descent. An interesting fact is that SCD occurs more often among people from parts of the world where malaria is or was common, such as Sub-Saharan Africa (1). In addition, it is believed that people who carry the sickle cell trait are less likely to have

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• Increased infections • Leg ulcers • Bone damage • Early gallstones • Kidney damage and loss of body water in the urine • Eye damage • Multiple organ failure Development Delays in reference to a child aged 6-18 Physical Development – Due to the low levels of red blood cells, this hinders the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to organs, tissues and cells. People with Sickle Cell Anemia will have a lower than average height and weight than those with normal hemoglobin. This lower than average height and weight continues until late adolescence. Many children with sickle cell anemia will also experience puberty at a later stage at around 13-14 years of age for girls and 13½-14½ years of age for boys, rather than the average age of puberty for children who are unaffected by sickle cell anemia

Complications of sickle cell anemia are pain crisis, infection, acute chest syndrome, splenic sequestration, vision loss, leg ulcers, stroke, deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Pain crisis is a feeling of pain that can happen all of the sudden with mild to severe intensity and last for a period of time (“Facts About Sickle Cell Disease,” 2016). Serious bacterial infections are potential life threatening due to the damage to the spleen in some people who have sickle cell anemia (https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/sca/signs). Acute chest syndrome can be life threatening and symptoms included chest pain, coughing, difficulty breathing, and fever. Splenic sequestration is can be life threatening

Andra H. James, defines Sickle Cell Anemia as a destructive abnormality in red blood cells that effect the circulatory impairment (2014). In her recent study, she demonstrates how pregnant women are more at risk in terms of the effects of the disease. Pregnant women with SDC are hospitalized on average of about 6 days during their pregnancy. They require blood transfusion more than women with the sickle cell disease who are not pregnant, which can cause them to become all immunized. SCD pregnant women who are alloimmunized and need blood transfusion have few blood products available to them. The most serious complication is developing a delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction, which can kill the patient. Expectant women with SCD are at a high risk to experience preeclampsia and eclampsia (James,

In conclusion, Sickle Cell Anemia is a fatal hereditary illness with a range of signs and symptoms. A person can go years without having symptoms while some don’t survive childhood. The life span of a person with Sickle Cell Anemia is 50 years above, however female counterparts live longer than the men. It is common in African and Black individuals. The only cure for Sickle Cell Anemia is a bone marrow transplant, which reverses the illness. Hydroxycarbamide can also help lessen complications, but is not a cure. It is an illness that results in early deaths, that’s why it is important to get treatment as soon as

In most cases, people with sickle cell begin experiencing symptoms at the age of 4 months’ symptoms include fatigue which happens due to the loss of red blood cells after they rupture as they are extremely fragile. Another symptom will be the pain, it develops when other is a blockage within the blood vessels in your chest, abdomen, and joints. Intensity varies and can even lead to hospitalization. Delayed growth and vision problems of blood cells blocking areas of the body. You are more prone to infections and will also experience swelling of the hands and feet.

Sickle -cell anemia is a very important subject to touch on in today’s time because many people honestly do not know what this is. Sickle -cell anemia is a severe hereditary form of anemia in which a mutated form of hemoglobin distorts the red blood cells into a crescent shape at low oxygen levels (SCDAA par .1). Also it is one of the most common diseases in the African American race. There are other races that this particular disease would show up in such as the Hispanics, and people of the South American descent. According to the American Society of Hematology there are a count for 70 ,000 to 100 ,000 African Americans suffering from this disease (American Society of Hematology par .1). Statistics also state that 1 in 12 African Americans even have the sickle cell trait (ASH par .4). By doing simple math, that means that over the course of a year, there are over 1 ,000 babies being born in the United States with that disease. I know if I was shocked by those numbers, there are others out there who would be shocked too. I believe there should be more awareness thrown out there about sickle cell anemia because, it takes 2 parents with the trait to bring a child into this world unknowingly with the full blown disease. Throughout many countries sickle -cell often times gets sucked under the radar, when it really should be front in center because of the severity of this disease. Sickle -cell does not go away in a few days with a little bit of rest or medication, like the

In Des Moines, Iowa a 16 year old boy by the name of Isaiah Newsome suffers from a debilitating genetic disorder called sickle cell anemia which affects mostly African Americans in the United States. Everyday Isaiah manages his pain daily by dipping into a bag of pills; blood transfusions are done every three weeks to replace the dead or misshaped cells, and for his weakened bones he has a procedure called an infusion every two months. Sickle cell anemia is a disorder that affects the red blood cell (RBC) causing it to appear under developed in a sickle shape. The shape of the sickle cell impedes on the ability of the hemoglobin (Hgb) to attach on to the RBC which deprives starving tissues and organs in rich oxygenated blood (Jackson, 2014). Some recent advancements in bone marrow transplant has proven to cure some cases of sickle cell disease but because of the risk involved with the procedure, approval to use bone marrow transplant widely has not been implemented (NHLBI 2009). By understanding sickle cell disease and increase funding for research is imperative to move forward aiding the improvements of management and treatments for sickle cell disease (SCD) with a goal of finding a cure for sickle cell.