Sickle Cell Disease (SCD)

“In the United States, it's estimated that sickle cell anemia affects 70,000–100,000 people, mainly African Americans” (NHLBI, NIH, Who is at risk for sickle cell anemia). SCD is a disease that is a serious disorder in which the body can make normal blood cells and sickle shape cells. Sickle shape cells can block the blood flow in your vessels and cause pain or organ damage also put you in risk for infections. SCD has no cure available but there are many treatments out there to deal with the complications of it. From over years treatments did get better from way back in the day doctors have learned. Sickle cell disease has lack of attention and funding because it’s only affecting

The sickle cell disease affects about 100,000 people in the America. The most common ethnic group the sickle cell anemia is seen in is African Americans and Hispanics. Approximately one in every ten African American and one in every one hundred Hispanic Americans have the sickle cell trait. Approximately two million people have the sickle cell trait in America. Approximately one in five- hundred African Americans and one in one thousand to one thousand and four hundred Hispanic-Americans have sickle cell disease. No universal cure has been found for sickle cell anemia (“Facts About Sickle Cell Trait And Disease,”n.d.). Sickle cell anemia affects many Americans and a universal cure needs to be found.

Roger Evans is a 5-year-old enrolled in general education kindergarten classes. Roger has been identified as having ASD during a routine check-up at the age of three. Roger’s parents had been unemployed and receiving government aid. Roger’s parents have not been taking advantage of supportive resources. Mr. and Mrs. Evans have not informed the school that Roger has been identified as having ASD. During the first week, Roger’s teacher Ms. Moore observed Roger sporadically sitting by himself during lunch and recess rocking back and forth and hitting himself in the face. Ms. Moore also noticed that Roger was anti-social with his peers. Ms. Moore recorded her observations for two weeks. Roger’s behavior became a daily occurrence. Ms. Moore met with the principal, counselor, special education, and Roger’s parents to discuss her concerns. Roger’s parents admitted that Roger had been identified with ASD and has been fine at home.

Children can struggle with transition from Nursery to school as their whole day and routine is changing, as well as having to get used to new adults and trying to make relationships with them like they had within the Nursery. Sometimes Children can be very emotional and struggle with these changes. If a Child has an illness or even a sibling has an illness or family member, their health can reflect how the Child behaves or feels. From previous experience I have worked with a Child who had a sister who had a disability and I noticed that his behaviour changed or moods changed when his sister was either in hospital or poorly. This affected his development a he found it hard to be in the classroom when he felt like this and became a closed book not wanting to talk about the situation. Having a disability can affect a Child physically as they may be in a wheelchair, not able to run around with other Children and join in with P.E. They may want to be with the others and struggle to understand why they are not the same as their

Sickle Cell Anemia has proven to be one of the most widespread genetic diseases in America, affecting 100,000 or more individuals according to the NHBLI (2008). Each person affected by sickle cell anemia must seek out expert advice and care for combating the disease, but as of late, care has been lacking in the medical field for these patients. Therefore providing optimal care and effective treatments for patients with sickle cell anemia will involve more research and funding in the future. Studies have shown that treatment for sickle cell patients is lacking and drugs are scarce and sparse, which has left this population medically neglected. The need to focus more research and allocate more funding toward sickle cell research is evident

Sickle cell disease is a blood disorder in which red blood cells take on an abnormal shape. Sickle cell anemia is when the red blood cells hemolyze, or die. Sickle cell disease is inherited from generation to generation and is the most common in inherited blood disorders. An estimated 70,000-100,000 people in America are currently suffering from this disease, most of which are African Americans. One is diagnosed with sickle cell disease in early childhood generally around four months old when the signs and symptoms are presented. Because of its huge impact, the United States requires all newborns to be tested for this disease. [1] Sickle cell disease is known to affect, “approximately 1 in every 400-500 African American

The past century has seen a significant increase in diversity across the United States. Approximately 36% of the population belongs to an ethnic or racial minority group according to the most recent census information. For the majority of the American population, infant mortality has been reduced and life expectancy has significantly increased. Health indicators such as these show improvement but minorities still continue to experience a disproportionate burden of death, disability, preventable disease, access to care, and treatment options. The disparities become even more pronounced when looking at awareness and treatment for particular diseases that are specific to a minority group. Sickle

Sickle cell diseases are inherited blood disorders that affect mostly African Americans about 70,000 people in the United States. The studies shows approximately 2 million Americans have the sickle cell trait. The sickle cell trait occurs in about 1 in 12 African Americans and sickle cell disease affects millions of people worldwide. The rate for sickle cell disease or sickle cell trait is higher in people who live in Africa, South or Central America, the Caribbean islands, Mediterranean countries, India, and Saudi Arabia.

Sickle Cell Disease occurs most commonly in individuals whose families descend from West Africa, South or Central America (particularly Panama), Caribbean islands, Mediterranean nations, (for example, Turkey, Greece, and Italy), India, and Saudi Arabia. In the United States, it’s estimated that Sickle cell affects between 70,000–100,000 individuals, predominately African

Sickle cell disease is a chronic condition that a person can inherit from their parents in which it effects the globular structure of the patients red blood cells. A more sickle shaped structure, which can alter a person’s blood flow, replaces the more common globular structure. This impairment in blood flow can lead to blood clots, severe debilitating pain and damage to vital organs such as the liver, kidney and spleen. This disease currently affects over 90,000 people in the United States, with the majority of them being African American and

Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is an inherited autosomal recessive condition that causes the red blood cells (RBCs) to be crescent shaped. Sickle cell disease occurs in 1 out of every 400 African Americans births (Field, et al 2009). And according to the Centers of Disease Prevention and Control (CDC), 1 out of 13 African American babies are born with the sickle cell trait (SCT). At the same time SCD is present in only 1 out of 300 Caucasian babies, thus it is considered to be one of the most prevalent genetic health disparities affecting people of African, Indian, Hispanic, and Mediterranean decent (Kotch, et al 2000).

Per a Health Disparities Work Group of the American Academy of Physician Assistants (AAPA), a simple blood test can show whether a person has sickle cell disease (Sickle cell disease, 2012, p.2). Infants screening is mandated in the United States before newborn go home from the hospital. Therefore, patients who present with SCD are typically aware of their diagnosis. However, although SCD is present at birth, most infants do not have any problems from the disease until they are about 5 or 6 months of age. SCD results in early childhood death if left untreated (Sickle cell disease, 2012, p.2). Recommended screening tests, noted in Sickle cell disease, 2012, and Paul, Castro, Aggarwal, & Oneal 1995, include hemoglobin electrophoresis, isoelectric focusing, high-performance liquid chromatography or DNA analysis (p. 2 and p. 34). Some of the improvement in survival in sickle-cell disease over the past few decades have been attributed to neonatal screening, facilitating early access to prophylaxis with penicillin, comprehensive care, and parental education on the early detection of complications such as acute splenic sequestration (Sickle cell disease, 2012,

Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a widespread disorder of hemoglobin synthesis, sometimes termed a hemoglobinopathy. As with other hemoglobinopathies, SCA is an autosomal recessive disease, meaning a person must have two defective genes present for the full blown disease to occur. People who carry a single sickle cell gene are said to have sickle cell trait. The children of two carriers have a 25% chance of inheriting SCA.

If certain children require specific pedagogical modifications, Vygotsky’s (1929/1994) recommendation was to progress staff mindfulness of specific children, their assets, weaknesses and how they accessed the curriculum. Norwich and Lewis’ review proved to be, of key importance for children with BESD and ASD.

When parents learn that their child has a disability or a chronic illness, they begin a journey that