Sickle Cell-Related Disease: A Case Study

Sickle cell disease (SCD) occurs in 1 out of every 365 African American births compared to 1 out of 16,000 Hispanic-American births (1). SCD is a group of red blood cell disorders in which patients have a sickle or moon-shaped red blood cell due to an abnormal S hemoglobin. While sickle cell disease is relatively rare in American births, this is an alarming statistic among people of Sub-Saharan (west and central) African descent. An interesting fact is that SCD occurs more often among people from parts of the world where malaria is or was common, such as Sub-Saharan Africa (1). In addition, it is believed that people who carry the sickle cell trait are less likely to have

Plasma would carry white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets to the injury site, which is the scrape on the hand. Platelets would attach with each other, building a blockade to stop blood flow at the injury site. White blood cells would attack and kill foreign substances that enter through the injury site and try to hurt the body. Red blood cells would provide oxygen at the injury site to help heal the injury, having that platelets have created a blockade.

Sickle cell anemia is an anemia that is inherited and mostly affects people whose heritage can be traced back to places where malaria was prevalent. There are approximately 100,000 Americans that have the disease and many more with the trait. Several of my family members are afflicted by this medical condition that causes red blood cells to take on an irregular shape.

Thank you for sharing your post regarding the Interprofessional and collaborative practice in managing sickle cell disease. You have highlighted the core competencies of Interprofessional collaboration, illustrated the communication forms applied in your capstone project and indicated the most relevant domain as understanding the role and responsibility of each member. I absolutely agreed with you that sickle cell patients require care coordination approach to effectively manage pain and complications associated with sickle cell episode.

Lungs: Upon auscultation, lungs are clear, no dyspnea, wheezing, or crackles. Dyspnea could be a sign of pulmonary embolism, asthma, pneumonia, and pneumothorax. Wheezing could be a sign of anaphylaxis reaction, asthma, bronchitis, emphysema, RSV, COPD, and sleep apnea. Crackles could indicate congestive heart failure, atelectasis, pulmonary fibrosis, interstitial lung disease, and pulmonary edema,

It has always been assumed that genetics and lifestyle play a major role in the presence of health disparities and health care issue that affects African-Americans. This paper provides a historical background to a key disease more prevalent in the African American community, Sickle Cell Anemia, the history behind the disease, genetic mechanisms that influences once probability of inheritance and in-depth treatment on how to manage, prevent and sustain a healthy lifestyle when dealing with sickle cell anemia. Sickle cell anemia is a hereditary disease that alters important aspects of the body physiologically and can be inherited via genes. Sickle cell disease (SCD) was first identified in 1910 and has existed in the continent of Africa for five

CVA related to Sickle Anemia (SCA) with crisis is the primary admitting diagnosis for a 45 year old Hispanic client with a history of DM type 2, HTN, CHF and sickle cell anemia who came to the emergency room after waking up to left sided weakness, blurry vision, and occipital headache, with SOB and chest pain upon waking at 0430 am. SCA is a genetic disorder that causes a malformation of the hemoglobin cells that are attached to the red blood cells causing a decrease in the cell oxygen carrying capacity. Hemoglobin in itself is a protein that binds iron and oxygen to the cells and because the shape of the SCA cells are deformed; the surface area for bonding is decreased therefore the name sickle cell is characteristic of its formed shape.

In the ER, I have an African American female patient, age 32, who presents with sickle cell anemia. She has come into the emergency room with 2-day history of heart palpitations, headache, dyspnea, fatigue, and back pain. She states her appetite has decreased. She states that she is voiding well and having regular bowel movements. The backache extends from above the lower T-spine to the lumbosacral spine. The patient is allergic to codeine, but states she is able to take morphine. She is currently taking folic acid and Tylenol. She has had no previous surgeries and denies any smoking or drug use. Upon examination, her vitals were the following; a temp of 38 degrees tympanic, pulse was 105 BPM indicating tachycardia, and blood pressure is 115/50

Locate, cite (quote or paraphrase) and share a reliable information source(s) that discusses a degenerative disease experienced at a higher rate among Black/African Americans (vs. American majority statistics)

The highest incidence of sickle cell disease is particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, tribal regions of India and the Middle-East and tropical regions,.[67] Migration of significant populations from these high frequency areas to low frequency states in Europe has dramatically amplified in recent decades and in some European countries sickle-cell disease is now more familiar genetic conditions such as haemophilia and cystic fibrosis.[68] As 176,000 deaths due to SCD in 2013 up from 113,000 deaths in 1990.[10]

Proteins are macromolecules made up of many amino acids that play a lot of important roles in our body. In living organisms proteins have various functions. For example enzymes are proteins that are very important to our body. Enzymes are invovled in thousands of chemical reaction wporking by lowering the activation energy therefore speeding up the reactons. Proteins can also function as a messenger, transporter, and also for storage in the body. Proteins are polymers made up of a lot of amino acid monomers. The amino acid on the protein gives the protein its special function or unique property. A phenotype is an observable trait or characteristics on an organism. For example eye color, height, and a size of a bird's beak are all phenotypes,they

Imagine having to deal with Sickle Cell Anemia on a daily basis. Having to be at doctors more than now. Sickle Cell Anemia is a disease that African Americans can inherit. Sickle Cell is a group of disorders that cause red blood cells to become misshapen and break down. There are many complications people can suffer from when they have sickle cell.

Sickle Cell Disease, also referred to as SCD, is a genetically inherited disease that causes abnormal hemoglobin, called hemoglobin S or sickle hemoglobin, in red blood cells. This disease currently affects about 90,000-100,000 Americans, a majority being African-American. Because SCD is genetically inherited, it is not contagious. It is inherited when both parents of a child carry the sickle cell trait, also called SCT. SCT and SCD are not the same. In SCT, the person is generally healthy and does not endure what one with SCD does, they are simply a “carrier” of the sickle cell trait. SCD cannot be inherited if only one parent is a carrier. If both parents are carriers of the sickle cell trait, the child still only has a 25% chance of being born with sickle cell. They have a 50% chance of being born with a single trait, making them a carrier, and a 25% chance of being born with normal hemoglobin. About 1 in 13 African-American babies are born as a carrier and 1 in 365 are born with the disease.

Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) and Thalassemias are similar blood disorders with some important differences. Sickle Cell Disease is a disorder where the red blood cells are sickle-shaped, which causes them to stick to vessel walls preventing much needed oxygen from traveling through the body. Thalassemias has normal looking red blood cells, but the body does not make enough healthy cells or hemoglobin. This means there is a lack of oxygen because the body does not produce enough blood or hemoglobin to carry it throughout the body. The two diseases have basic similarities reflected by the concepts regarding diagnosing and treatment plans. They also differ in many ways; for example, Sickle Cell consist of more complications than the Thalassemias disorder. Thalassemia, however, affects more ethnic backgrounds and numbers of the afflicted are spread over a greater geographical area.

To sum up, having the inherited blood disorder sickle cell anemia that affects the blood means a lifelong battle against the health problems it can leads to, such as stroke, pain, and infections. Even though it highly effect the normal function of the body systems, many people are able to have a very good quality of life by learning to manage the