Question 1 The superfamily includes all apes and humans, the family includes great apes and humans, the subfamily includes chimpanzees, bonobos, and humans, and the tribe includes humans. The gibbons are a part of a family called the Hylobatidae family. Other primates are involved in four taxa, the superfamily, family, subfamily, and tribe. These taxa separate primates by evolutionary traits in each taxa. The superfamily’s taxon is called Hominoidea, the family’s is called Hominidae, the subfamily’s is called Homininae, and the tribe’s is called Hominini. The gibbons are a part of another family called the Hylobatidae family. The Hylobatidae and Hominidae families have developmental significance in that they have shoulder sockets which …show more content…
Gorillas are another example of primates that exhibit sexual dimorphism. The females average 158 pounds, while the males average 374 pounds. Gorillas are vegetarian but all eat some insects and small animals. Gorillas can climb trees but spend most of their time on the ground where they walk on their knuckles and feet. Like the orangutans they reproduce slowly; most have their first child after age nine and have children about every four years. Chimpanzees also have three subspecies, one found in west Africa, one in central Africa, and one in east Africa. These species have subtle differences in appearance. They also exhibit sexual dimorphism but it is less extreme than gorillas. The male generally weights between 90-130 pounds, and the female weighs between 70 and 100 pounds. They are also mainly vegetarian, but fruit is a bigger part of their diet than gorillas. Bonobos are closely related to chimpanzees and exhibit slight sexual dimorphism. The males weigh 86 pounds, and the females weigh 68 pounds. They live in rainforests and eat vegetation and insects. Both of these species walk on their feet and palms. Humans are a part of all the taxa and their own called Homo Sapiens. We are distinguished by our straight backs and that we walk on two limbs. We are also distinguished by our large brains and relative hairlessness. We are the only primate that does not have
Humans evolve from apelike ancestors approximately five million years ago. Most closely related to us are our non-human primates such as African great apes, chimpanzees and gorillas. Scientific studies reveal that more similar traits are being share by human and our non-human primates compared to other animals. As human evolve from our apelike ancestors, changes in our DNA differentiate ourselves from our non-human primate. Even though we evolve from our non-human ancestors and share similar anatomical structures and characteristics, we are unique in our own ways. We possess specific qualities and abilities that differ from other species. There is a substantial gap between non-human primate and fully developed human. Here we will discuss
Gorillas are the largest group of primates and although they are known as being bipedal, similar to humans and other primates, they often use knuckle walking to move around. On observation, they have seems to have a more robust front appearance than their hind legs and behind. Their cranium is taller than other primates and lower mandible more protruding than their snout. They also have human-like ears that are parallel to their eyes and are small in size. They have
What makes a primate a primate? A primate is defined by its many incredible features. A primate is a mammal that has certain characteristics such as: flexible fingers and toes, opposable thumbs, flatter face than other mammals, eyes that face forward and spaced close together, large and complex cerebrum, and social animals. What makes a primate a primate is its characteristics. Some of the physical features primates are identified by is their teeth, snouts, eyes, ears, arms, legs, fingers, and toes. Human evolution is a big part of humans being primates, and having similar features and characteristics make humans to be considered to be a primate, but both humans and non-humans have differences.
Within these small groups, the Cross River Gorilla has very predominant traits to keep them alive when almost extinct and facing a harsh environment (What’s Our Mission). These gorillas have a considerably large body size and they also have quite large hands but short forearms; along with small forward facing eyes that are put close together on top of a large nasal region (Etiendem, D., & Tagg, N,). Due to being so big they need a lot of nutrients, and in order to obtain enough food, they eat a large array of diets such as plants in many varieties, and fruits (Etiendem, D., & Tagg, N.). Since they live in the higher parts of the mountains near the border of Nigeria, the amount of fruit trees that exist are much lower than other regions, so they have come to rely on vegetation (Etiendem, D., & Tagg, N.). Since almost all fruit is seasonal, the primates must learn when they can eat one type, and when vegetation is important. (Etiendem, D., & Tagg, N.), (Imong, I., & Robbins, M.). The food they eat also determines how sexually successful they will be in the coming years.
-Bonobo’s display a varied degree of sexual dimorphism, which is a characteristic specific to either male or female sex. When comparing the two sexes, males are more muscular and hold an average weight of 95 pounds compared to an average of 82 pounds and a slighter built female, a 15 percent weight difference between them. Sexual dimorphism is also apparent in that males possess a unique dental trait, long canines, a feature that females lack. Both sexes are similar in that neither has a height advantage, averaging 2.3 to 3 feet in height. (Waal 24) Bonobo’s possess long, fine black hair covering most of the body and black colored hands and feet. Their black faces feature wide, thick walled nostrils and long black facial hair that often covers their small ears. Their head hair
Gorillas are similar to humans in many different ways, such as sadness and laughter and also have hands just like a human. Some gorillas even know sign language when speaking to one another. They show over 20 known sounds, and other gorillas recognize them. It takes a very long time to build their trust as well. “Their DNA is 98.3% identical to a humans.” (Lewis, et.al, 2008) Reproduction for gorillas is also another feature just like humans, it is a slow procedure. It takes about 8 and a half months for a single gorilla to be produced, even though the process is slow the growing of a young gorilla is more rapid than a humans. They raise the infant gorilla for several years before giving birth to another baby. As many as 40% do not survive after birth. Male infants usually splits from the parents due to the lack of breeding chances.
Gentle, peaceful & shy are the words that describe gorillas. Gorillas in the mountains & eastern lowland areas are totally vegetarian & eat leaves, fruits, & stems like bamboo. On the other hand, gorillas in the Western lowlands eat small invertebrates & insects apart from plants. It’s anticipated that approximately 80% of gorilla population’s extinct, because of the destruction of their habitat, humans hunting them down & diseases as a result of Ebola
Primates have some features that support them for the arboreal life. First, primates have developed grasping extremities with the divergent hallux and nails instead of claws. These features help them grasping branches better. Second, primates have enhanced vision with the optic convergence, which helps them look straightforward. They also have postorbital bar to protect the eyes. Third, primates reduced the olfaction that is not useful for arboreal life. Fourth, comparing to the other mammals, primates have large brain consider to the body size. The large brain helps them to process the complicating reactions, and thinking. Haplorrhines primates have some unique derived traits: the loss of tapetum lucidum, which enhances the vision in the darkness; and haplorhini, which is dry external nose. The anthropoid primates have developed some derived traits. They have postorbital bar with closure, and this makes a complete bony ring surrounds the eyes. They also have fused mandibular symphysis. The Platyrrhines have the dental formula 2.1.3.3/2.1.3.3. The Catarrhines have dental formula 2.1.2.3/2.1.2.3. The Cercopithecoids have the bilophodont molars to enhance the chewing ability. The hominoids are the most developed primates, which have some derived unique traits. They have larger brain, loss of tail, longer arms than legs, broad thorax with more muscles, and highly mobile shoulder.
I observed a type of Ape known as the Western Lowland Gorilla. The scientific name for a Gorilla is the Gorilla gorilla. Gorillas are the largest of all living primates and at native to west central Africa. Gorillas exhibit sexual dimorphism within their species because males are very obviously much larger than females. The size of the gorillas came across very intimating and gave me an off impression of what this specie was actually going to be like. While observing the gorillas I noticed that these creatures are very slow, lethargic primates. Gorillas move quadrupedally by putting weight down on their arms and knuckles as they walk. They have hands and opposable thumbs, like humans, and are able to grasp things with a better grip. When Gorillas need to reach above themselves such as for leaves or branches they are able to stand on both legs while reaching. While resting Gorillas sit on their bottoms, legs to the side in a similar position that humans do. When resting I noticed that sometimes Gorillas like to take advantage of the moment by self grooming, using their hands. Gorillas usually have an herbivore diet but eat occasional insects. Due to their large body structure it is harder for them move around quickly so they do not need to eat foods that contain as much nutrients and proteins as smaller,
The bonobo has pink lips, a black face, and black hair that parts straight down the middle of its head. It has tuff, black fur. It’s smaller, leaner, and darker than its cousin, the chimpanzee. Females weigh about 63 pounds and males weigh about 85 pounds. Male bonobos grow to be about 4 feet tall and females grow to be about 3.5 feet tall. They usually live to be about 60 years old. They eat fruits, leaves, flowers, insects, and small mammals. They are secondary consumers because they eat small mammals (primary consumers), leaves (producer), and bonobos are being hunted by humans.
The teeth of a gorilla have high crests that are used to help break down leaves that make up a large proportion of their diet. This species has relatively long forelimbs and short hindlimbs. The gorillas have a short trunk and wide pelvis. Individual gorillas can be distinguished from the nose; each gorilla has a unique nose pattern, like the human fingerprint.
First, humans and ring-tailed lemurs are both considered primates. Primates are the highest order of mammals and include humans, lemurs, apes, New and Old world monkeys, etc. Primates are characterized by nails on the hands and feet, a short snout, a large brain, 5 digits on each limb, forward facing eye sockets, and adaptations for climbing trees.
Addressing the various mating systems of primates and its relation to sexual size dimorphism and behavior contributes to understanding evolutionary processes and patterns. The different methods of mating are significant to study because they demonstrate the outcomes of natural selection on mate choice. These varying mating methods also aide in understanding the origin of
Chimpanzees are a genus of the great ape of Africa, with long black hair and log protruding ears. Humans know them for their intelligence and there very similarities. They have developed family ties similar to man. Over the generations they have even had developed tools out of natural materials. Food for chimpanzees is very important to them due to the excessive amount eating.
Humans have existed on Earth for approximately 3.4 million years. The oldest known human ancestor is "Lucy," an Australopithecus. Over this extensive period of time, humans have evolved significantly. Homo Sapiens have grown from 3 to almost 6 feet (average), lost most of the body hair, became leaner and adapted to walking. Humans have come a long way, from Australopithecus to Homo sapiens, from living in trees to living in cities. Slowly, through hundreds of thousands of years, we mutated over and over again, natural selection ensuring that no destructive mutations continue. From the slow evolution, four distinctive species emerged and died out, each giving way to its ' descendant: Homo Habilis, Homo Erectus, Homo Sapiens Neanderthalesis, and Homo sapiens Sapiens.