Similarities And Differences Between Globalization And Urbanization In Southeast Asia

Urban development is the social, cultural, economic and physical development of cities. The development of cities is the main topic of human geography. Urban development can be used in different ways by the researchers. It can cause the price of things to increase fast. Urban development occurs in major cities like New York City, Tokyo, Japan. Urban development started back in the earlier cities like Mesopotamia, Egypt. This spreads the culture that affect people which makes them want to go to the major cities. Over fifty percent of the earth’s population lives in urban areas. Studies show by 2045 that the number of people living in a urban area will increase.

Humans have evolved immensely throughout centuries and the trend toward urbanization is a worldwide phenomenon that impacts the environment, economy and various aspects of human life. In America before the 18th century, manufacturing was done by hand using homemade tools and basic machinery, the industrialization of America led to an increase of immigration and an influx of people drawn to cities where new economic opportunities were available. “Urbanization is the process by which town and cities are formed and become larger as more people begin living and working in central areas”. It occurs casually from individual and corporate efforts to reduce expense in commuting and transportation. The level and growth of urbanization differs by region

In the eighteenth and nineteenth century urban populations grew rapidly through migration from rural areas to find new jobs in the cities created by the industrial revolution, which led to 6,5 million inhabitants in London. In the twentieth century cities kept growing and in the 1950’s around thirty percent of world’s population was urban. The first mega city in the world emerged, as New York City broke the boundary of ten million inhabitants around 1930 (Wendell Cox Consultancy, 2005). In 1990 there were ten megacities that were home to 153 million people which is less than seven percent of the global urban population. In 2014 the amount of megacities has almost tripled to 28 with a population of 453 million people, which account for twelve percent of the global urban population. The total urban population in 2014 was 54 percent (UN, 2014). These numbers can be related to the second important event,

The world as we know it is experiencing an unprecedented shift for the first time witnessed in human history. It wasn’t even 100 years ago that the world was still overwhelmingly rural with global urban population rates around 10%. Fast forward to 2015, now accounting for roughly around 53% of the worlds population living in cities and is projected to rise to around 67% by 2050.1 The comparative analysis sets out to understand the opportunities and challenges among the North American megacity New York and the Asian megacity of Beijing. The metropolitan area of both New York and Beijing consist of a population each over 10 million people, which generally defines as a megacity. A “megacity” can also be coined as world city, global city, megalopolis, metropolis, conurbation, and agglomeration. Megacities such as New York and Beijing are comprised of a central core, surrounded by satellite cities within daily commuting distances, separated by greenspace. Thus, urban agglomerations can be numerous cities and towns when they are linked by the flows of people, goods, and information, as long as the aggregate population exceeds 10 million.2

Urbanisation of the planet is the most concrete phenomenon of the changes in global human settlements patterns. The increase of migration flows in the time of globalisation in the 20th and 21st century helps us to understand the dynamics of urbanisation (Zhang, 2015). The movement of people from rural areas to cities is so widespread and having tremendous impacts on the way we live and work. From the

In this essay, the author explains the essential parts of Asia’s phenomenal growth. Asia is the poster child for the saying, “slow and steady wins the race”. Asia has been growing since the early 1900s. This paper breaks down the growth of Asia into three core factors and explains which one has been the most influential on that growth. Graphs are used to highlight how certain factors, such as population age, and birth rate, affect Asian megacities. Influential aspects of the Asian culture and how they affect growth are also demonstrated. A greater understanding of what factors influence the phenomenal growth of Asia and which one has

With the start of globalization and international expansion cities became a more significant part for various industry sectors. By 2000, more than 500 cities had more than one million inhabitants. According to the United Nations, 54% of the world’s population currently live in urban areas. Urbanization combined with the overall growth of the world’s population could add another 2.5 billion people to urban populations by 2050, with close to 90 percent of the increase concentrated in Asia and Africa. This significant change of urbanization will lead to challenges in satisfying the needs for housing, infrastructure, transportation, energy supply and employment, as well as for basic services such as education and health care .

As we know, globalization is considered to be the process of ideas, goods and communication flowing cross-border with unprecedented speed, range and volume. It is regarded as the presence of the same lifestyles, products, consumption patterns, and cultural experiences across the globe, across many economically AF fluent or economically poor countries of the world. (Firat A F, 1997) This globalization and reproduction from markets and their productions all over the world, and the increasing "sameness" one seems to encounter in almost all major cities of the world. They also result in

These cities are often called megacities because they have a high density of population. Between the 1950’s to the 1960’s China’s government had implemented the Five- Year plan, this plan was the government’s way of initiating population growth, which resulted in high rates of urban in-migration (Shin, 2015, pg.3). This was the spark of urbanization in the megacities. A few decades later the “urbanization population ratio has skyrocketed in the past two decades from 26% in 1990 to 50% in 2010... with more than one billion people” (Song, Chen, 2014, pg.485). In this instance, China’s population has rapidly grown in a short amount of time creating many megacities within their country, after the first spark called the Five-Year plan between the 50’s and 60’s. With the creation of these megacities comes the factor of urbanization. Many of these cities will be flooded with large amounts of people that need the basic necessaries of life and therefore these megacities will become urbanized. Urbanization of these cities means the building of many resources such as housing, transportation routes, health services and shopping centres. With the becoming of urbanization this also comes with many other factors that can be both positive and negative.

The process of urbanization first began in the more developed regions of the contemporary world. Almost a century ago, 1920 saw below 30 per cent of the ‘developed world’ in living urban areas. Only decades later, over half of their populace were residing in urban areas. Today, the

Worldwide urbanization is the movement of people from rural areas to urban areas. The number of people making this change is growing every year. “Globally, more people live in urban areas than in rural areas, with 54% of the world’s population residing in urban areas in 2014. In 1950, 30% of the world’s population was urban, and by 2050, 66% of the world’s population is projected to be urban” (Worldwide Urbanization Prospects, pg. 1). When looking at the rapid growth among people trying to move to a more urban environment, it’s interesting to break it down into regions and take a closer look at what specific

Globalization throughout Southern Asia has led to many changes within the region. The opportunity to make huge economic advances is leading to modifications in both the social and environmental landscape of the region. A few effects of globalization in this region include: migration patterns are adapting to the increase of job opportunities in urban areas, trade restrictions are diminishing to promote an increase in imports and exports, countries are becoming more interconnected, environmental degradation, and human health.

This diagram shows the increase over the space of 65 years, from 1950-2015, so it is showing the growth based on the trend that urbanisation has followed since 1950. In this graph England, USA, Mexico, Brazil and Japan are the MEDC’s. Egypt, Nigeria, China and India are the LEDC’s. As shown in figure 4 the LEDC’s tend to follow a steeper slope, this means they have been increasing rapidly. The MEDC’s aren’t increasing as quickly, they tend to follow a gradual increase. This is because when urbanisation first began, it started in MEDC’s because these places had the facilities and industry for people to be able to urbanise. As people began to make more money, they moved out of the city back into rural areas because they could afford the rural lifestyle. This is called counter urbanisation, it is shown in figure 4, London has had a decrease in their urban population ever since 1950 and it has kept slowly decreasing, and it is a good example of counter urbanisation. This is also another reason as to why urbanisation is increasing slowly in MEDC’s, people moving into LEDC’s are urbanising to get out of poverty in rural areas so it has increased faster in these areas. The growth in the USA has been very minimal over the past 45years as shown in figure 4. Japan hasn’t had any growth over the last 15years; this could mean the beginning of sub urbanisation in this MEDC. In figure 4 it is clearly shown that in the last 65 years urbanisation in Nigeria and India have at

Urbanization is the process by which large numbers of people become permanently concentrated in relatively small areas, forming cities. Internal rural to urban migration means that people move from rural areas to urban areas. In this process the number of people living in cities increases compared with the number of people living in rural areas. Natural increase of urbanization can occur if the natural population growth in the cities is higher than in the rural areas. This scenario, however, rarely occurs.

Cities around the world are growing at a never experienced rate. Over the past thirty years the number of people