Similarities Between Smooth And Cardiac Muscle Tissue

Inside our body there is a powerful muscular pump, which is known as the one of the main organs in the human body. This hollow, cone shaped, pump lies slightly left within the center of the chest called our heart. The heart is made up of different structures and actions in order for it to work, combined with a network of blood vessels form what we know as the cardiovascular system.

The human heart is a myogenic muscle vital to human life as it is the muscle which deals with the pumping of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood throughout the entire body. Due to importance of the heart an understanding of this complex muscle is necessary. Therefore, today I hope to discuss the embryology of the heart.

types of muscle tissues : skeletal, cardiac, smooth. Each of these different tissues has the ability

How does the structure of cardiac myocytes and intercalated disks follow the function of cardiac muscle tissue

The Myocardium is made up of specialised cardiac muscle, only found in the heart and is not under voluntary control.

There are three main types of muscle tissue in the body: Skeletal muscle, smooth muscle and cardiac muscle. Firstly, skeletal muscle has a stripped appearance when it is examined under a microscope so it is sometimes known as striated/stripped muscle. Skeletal muscle is voluntary and this means that it is under conscious control. Secondly, there is smooth muscle which is an involuntary muscle that operates without any conscious control. This muscle is controlled by the nervous system. Smooth muscle can be found in the blood vessels and the walls of the digestive system and it helps to control digestion and blood pressure. Lastly, there is cardiac muscle which is located in in the wall of the heart. Cardiac muscle is involuntary and this means that it is not under conscious control. This is made up of a specialised type of tissue which is striated and it has its own blood supply. The contractions aid the pumping of blood through the blood vessels

Oxygen and nutrients the body requires for function are pumped around this complex network of blood vessels by the heart. At roughly the size of a human fist, the heart is a four-chambered muscle and performs two functions of circulation simultaneously and continuously. Systemic and pulmonary circulation. The heart is made up from three separate layers of cardiac tissue; the outer layer called the pericardium, which is a double sac-like outer covering with serous fluid inside to keep the middle layer, the myocardium from adhering to the outer layer. This middle layer of the heart is the heart muscle which is thicker on the left side, to aid with the pressure needed to sustain systemic circulation. The inner layer of the heart is the endocardium. It’s lining is smooth to help prevent the blood which circulates around the inside of the heart from clotting. The heart is the human body’s in-built pacemaker, and the electrical signals sent through the it cause the heart to contract and relax. This process is triggered by the autonomic nervous system and the contraction and relaxing cycle is

The heart is a very strong muscle that has one major job. The heart’s job is to pump blood throughout the entire body. The heart is made up of 4 chambers, and 4 valves. There is the right and left atrium, and a right and left ventricle. The atriums are the superior chambers, and the ventricles are inferior chambers. The left ventricle is the most important, because that is where the blood travels through to go to the aorta, and eventually the rest of the body (Taylor 2015).

Smooth muscles are found in the skin, internal organs, reproductive system, major blood vessels, and excretory system. Skeletal muscles are composed of long fibers surrounded by a membranous sheath, the sarcolemma. Since the Skeletal muscles are under control by whom ever they belong to are called voluntary muscles. This muscle is attached to two or more bones which are then attached to the skeleton by tendons. For example, head and neck muscles; contraction of these muscles produces facial expressions and head movements. They are also responsible for speech and swallowing. Skeletal muscles are the main muscles which move your body. Muscles nearly always work in coordinated groups; contraction of one muscle is accompanied by relaxation of another, while other muscles stabilize nearby joints. Then the last of the muscle types is the Cardiac Muscle or the involuntary muscles. Cardiac muscles are not under conscious control they do not react by a persons decision or movement. and are connected to the nervous system which are stimulated by autonomic impulses. Cardiac muscles are found in your internal organs like the heart or the intestine. For example; they include muscles that propel food through the intestine and those that control sweating and blood pressure.

A heart tissue cell is part of the cardiovascular system. The main function of this system is to pump blood to the body. The heart is made of four chambers: right atrium,

A heart is made from Cardiac muscles which are only found in the heart, this muscles share similarities with skeletal muscles, but they also have special properties which include automaticity and unlike skeletal muscles, the heart does not have to be stimulated by nerves to contract. This is because action potentials begin spontaneously in the pacemaker region in the right atrium and spread through the ventricles in an automatic, rhythmic cycle in the heart all cardia cells can depolarise and repolarise. This type of actions in the heart occur spontaneous and in a rhythmic fashion, which causes a normal heart beat to occur. Normal heart beat is maintained by pace maker cells which are in the sinoatrial node in a mammalian heart (in a frog’s heart the sinus venosus have similar functions like the sinoatrial node). There are also pacemaker cells I the atrioventricular node their cycles are slow therefore they are overridden by cells of sinoatrial node (German and Stanfield., 2005).

The cardiac muscle cell embraces most of the hearts mass. It plays the most important significant role in the heart, pumping blood through the heart and into the body. It’s a long-life source, which never stops pumping. It’s continuous and persists an entire lifetime without unfluctuating or skipping a beat. The cardiac muscle is strong and has a long durability, which sustains its unique heartbeat. The Cardiac hearts muscle has the capability to spread rapid electrochemical signals throughout the body, to help keep the contraction ongoing and function suitably. The contraction of the heart is to help support the cardiac muscle to provide fibre and deliver the heart with its essential requirements. Although the cardiac muscle only contains

Both of these muscles expand and contract as they have complex structures so it is essential how they do this. The cardiac muscle needs the contractions to occur in order to pump blood out of the atria and into the ventricles and round the circulatory system so the structure of this muscle shows the systole of the heart. The contractions of the skeletal muscle also depend on its structure. The binding and releasing of two strands of sarcomere is how the repeated pattern of contractions occurs. ATP is used to prepare myosin for binding to allow the contractions to happen. The skeletal and cardiac muscle also both has elasticity. The elasticity is used to restore the muscles back to their original lengths which enable them to resume back to their original length once they have contracted and been stretched.

6. Automaticity – ability of heart to beat spontaneously and repetitively without external neurohormonal control. The heart is capable of beating outside the body, given proper laboratory conditions. Automaticity is evidently linked to fluid and electrolyte balance rather than to nervous system control.

While contraction in skeletal muscle is triggered by motor neurons under central control, certain cardiac muscle variants exhibit autorhythmicity. This means that that they are capable of producing their own depolarizing electrical potential. The cardiomyocytes that are capable of producing their own electrical potentials are found in what is referred to as the electrical condition system of the heart. This system is comprised of specializes cardiomyocytes that are autorhythmic and are able to conduct electrical potentials rapidly. These specialized structures include the sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node and bundle, and Purkinje fibers.