1, Definitions:
1.1. Tourism: according to F.W. Ogilvie (1933), tourism can be defined as ‘persons who go to somewhere rather than home or workplace for a period of time and spend money in that place’. But this definition has its limitations as it is too broad and it does not have specific standards or criteria to define tourism.
Many organizations have been tried to come up with an accurate definition of tourism, but till now they only commonly accepted some factors that help to define tourism. Tourism is an activity of human beings which must comply with three factors--- time range, distance parameter, and a circular journey. The time ranges from 24 hours to 1 year, the travel distance should be more than 100 kilometers and the
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In 2001, marketing contributed to 27% of tourism research and another 33% to hospitality research. Other disciplines such as economics (13% for tourism and 4% for hospitality), and planning (5% for tourism and 1% for hospitality) contributed much less ( Henning, G, Levy, S, & Ritchie, 2005). This indicates that marketing has a significant impact on both industries. Good marketing skills are definitely needed if both industries want to survive or even consider making expansions. There is a new marketing approach which has been increasingly used called relationship marketing and it emphasis on building long-tern relationships with customers (Pucito & Goranczewski, 2011). As a result, the loyalty of customers will increase and they will not be attracted by other rivals, which indicate more continuous profit rather than short-term profit.
2.3. Government level
2.3.1 Government’ Support-fairness, reasonable and justice
No industry can survive without the support of government, especially for tourism and hospitality industries because they need the government to set up laws to regulate different business entities, and make sure the operation of their business complies with the principles of fairness, reason and justice. An example of this would be the recent law called Travel Law Quarterly in UK (2012), in which Air Travel Trust has developed a policy for “making payments during a failure of an Air Travel Organizers’ Licensing
Tourism has become a commercial business, which has obvious benefits to the said economy, the environment and society. Often, the positive economic impacts persuade governments, companies and individuals to get involved with the development of tourism. Tourism creates jobs, both
Gustavo, N. (2013). Marketing management trends in tourism and hospitality industry: Facing the 21st century environment. International Journal of Marketing Studies, 5(3), 13-25.
First of all, what does tourism mean? Tourism is an activity carried out by any person or group of people who are going from one place to another or from one country to another in order to visit a particular place or several places. Tourism can used for entertainment or relaxation and to learn new information about other cultures (Lundberg 4).
Researchers have different definitions for tourism. According to (Jafari,J.,2000)." "tourism is traveling to natural areas untouched and uncontaminated by human factor, with the specific purpose of studying, admiring and enjoying the scenery, wild animals and plants in it, as well as any cultural events (past and present) found in these areas.
Various definitions of tourism exist. Tourism is defined by Macmillan Online Dictionary as the business of providing services for those people travelling for holidays. Tourism has experienced continued growth over the years and diversification and has become one of the fastest growing economic sectors in the world. For countries like Australia, it has become one of the major contributing sectors in the economy generating large proportions of the national income and at the same time increase employment opportunities. The future is still bright for the industry in the country with possible future growth in expansion and diversification. The industry however has both the pros and cons impacts to various ranges of environments (Tourism
Leisure / Holiday Tourism are the most common form of travel that can be defined in a board meaning. There are two main purposes that can be described as a term of Leisure / Holiday tourism which are Relaxation and Sightseeing:
Tourism define as “visitors who visit the different place or country from their usual environment less than a year for any reason such as business meeting, holidays, education tour, sports tour are known as tourism” (UNWTO, 2010).
The travel, tourism, and hospitality industry faces an array of challenges when deciding on a marketing strategy that include the ups and down of seasonal travel, complexity for the customer in making arraignments for travel, lack of customer loyalty to return to the same destination, and economic conditions that may inhibit consumers traveling plans (Soteriades, 2012). Today, customers obtain near-perfect information about their purchasing selections and options (Shamma & Hassan, 2013). Therefore, customers gained sophistication and a more demanding attitude towards purchasing (Shamma & Hassan, 2013). Without a marketing plan that involves a strong online, mobile and social presence or the launch of successful marketing
While I was thinking why anthropologists should study tourism and how they can contribute to it, I realized that actually anthropologists have a lot in common with tourists: they both are outsiders who spend time exploring the cultural features of another society. However, more often tourism was seen to be an activity of economics, rather than of people. It happened due to the widespread lack of awareness of the sociocultural significance of tourism.
The purpose of this essay is to discuss how established models and theories can be implemented by management in the travel and tourism industry to develop a successful customer service strategies which in turn influence loyalty behaviour. The creation of loyal customers is the key to the growth of any business and the way to satisfy customers. It also explains the best practice for resolving potential conflict situations to maintain quality customer relationship and effective selling. Quality customer service is an asset to the growth of a company. Quality customer service is more than offering a smile, a handshake, and “have a nice day.” It is an interaction between customer and provider in which the performance of the provider meets or exceeds the customer’s expectations. The provider’s attitude and performance shape customers’ perceptions” (Spicuzza, 1992, p. 50). This essay will talk about the customer satisfaction and standards such as product knowledge and professionalism and the skills vital to a tourism workplace.
Marketing In Hospitality By: Quynh Anh MARKETING IN HOSPITALITY LO1. Understand the Concepts of Marketing in a Service Industry Context 1.1define and Explain the Concept of Marketing A concept is the general scheme or formation of something and marketing is the way in which a produce is moved by means of a channel to reach its target audience. Marketing idea is the attitude which encourages firms to center on their consumers’ desires. This is by examining their wants and making efficient choices that suit those requirements in an enhanced way than the competition.
The long haul manageability of tourism lay on the capacity of group pioneers and tourism experts to boost its advantages and minimize its expenses. The development of tourism industry has been a noteworthy supporter to increment financial movement all through the United States and the world. Albeit most think tourism as far as financial effects like employments are frequently regular, ineffectively paid and assesses. And additionally destinations subject to tourism can be unfavorably influenced by occasions, for example, terrorism, characteristic calamities and financial subsidence.
The hospitality sector is one of the fastest growing sectors globally. With the rising demand in the sector, the competition amongst players has increased. It is a global market as tourists can choose to go to any destination from the desert to the arctic to the tropical environments. With the decline in the Kenya’s hospitality industry market in the past two years, , Kenyan hospitality needs to have aggressive advertising as the economy stabilizes so as to get the share of the tourists that shall be looking to visit Africa. There has been a growth in the global industry signified by the growth in upcoming international hotels, restaurants as well as lodges in the tourist attracting regions. This therefore signifies an increase in competition for the Kenyan hospitality industry. With the ever increasing competition, since the supply of the hospitality industry has increased, the players in this industry require to have strong competitive marketing strategies to attract the tourists to their business. Also as stated by the SA Commercial Prop News, there is potential growth for the Kenyan market in the next four years. This research shall be carried out to study how the marketing mix shall help the hospitality industry gain competitive advantage to attract the global tourists and at large grow the hospitality industry in Kenya. (Hospitality
Master Thesis, Continuation Courses Tourism and Hospitality Management Department of Business Administration and Social Sciences Division of Industrial marketing and e-commerce
While there are many definitions of tourism, it is often defined as: people going from their usual areas to new areas. Tourism does not happen when one does not come from elsewhere to stay for one night or more. Every human has been a tourist whether it was domestically or internationally. As an industry, there is the supply side of tourism and the demand side. However, as a system, the industry as a whole is only a contributing factor of tourism. Leiper (1977) took a systematic approach to tourism; he considered it to be an open system; it has inter-dependent components and is affected by external factors. This means that tourism does not work in isolation to the world that surrounds it, in fact the world around tourism is essential for tourism to be able to operate.