Simulation The Effect Of Acidity On The Environment

Acidity of an ecosystem, measured in pH, is a crucial factor to the survival of a species in an ecosystem. Altering it can have result in dramatically negative effects, in spite of the fact that pH of an ecosystem has been dramatically changed over a relatively short period of time due to various human activities. For example, acid rain is a major environmental problem that is caused by human-made pollution. When fossil fuels are burnt to get energy, pollutants like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides get mixed into the rainwater and eventually are evaporated into the atmosphere. These gases enter the atmosphere, and mix with water in the water cycle to form an acidic mixture of water and gases. This water falls in the form of acid rain, which

Each section we added ( ml) of liquids. The null hypothesis that the growth of plants will be at its optimal value with tap water having a neutral Ph. The alternative hypothesis that there will be no change on the growth of plants in different liquids. Introduction:

Acidification in the oceans kill the plant/animal life that is trying to strive at thy shore

In this lab the effect of changing the pH of water that leaf disks were submerged into to find the effect on the ET50 time of plants. The hypothesis was that if the pH is closer to a normal water pH than the ET50 time will be the smallest. This lab was conducted to see what different variables change the amount of time needed for photosynthesis to occur(ET50) . This is important because of acid rain being present in the world with climate change and the effect it can have on plants which has large tolls. Previous studies have shown that acid rain and a change in pH can have damaging effects on plants. One study, showed that, acid rain destroyed the chloroplast of soybeans the location of photosynthesis in plants which disrupted photosynthesis

Soil, which is the layer of earth on the top where plants and vegetation grow, contains a pH balance, everything does. The pH, acidity, or alkalinity balance of each type of soil that is being observed can affect the plants, because it determines how many nutrients are being deposited to them. It

Ocean acidification is where the ocean water becomes more acidic due to the amount of carbon dioxide in the water. Humans use fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas that release large amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Oceans absorb about one quarter of the carbon dioxide released each year, and since the amount of carbon dioxide in the water increases, it becomes more acidic (Ocean Acidification, NOAA). More acid in the water means that it will be lower on the pH scale and will release more hydrogen ions. This is in comparison to having more base in the water, where it will be higher on the pH scale and will release more hydroxyl ions. The pH scale rates the concentration of hydrogen in water, and acidic water releases more hydrogen ions than basic water. The scale goes from zero to fourteen, where a pH of seven is neutral, a pH less than seven is acidic, and a pH greater than seven is basic. Oceans have an average pH of 8.16, but that number is predicted to decrease

The purpose of this experiment was to test which plants are best to grow in acid prone areas by recording physical differences to plants when exposed to 50mL of different concentrations of sulphuric acid. Acid rain forms when sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide react with chemicals like water, oxygen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere to form sulfuric acid and nitric acid. Acid rain describes any form of precipitation with high levels of nitric and sulfuric acids. Although the acid from acid rain is weak, normally no more acidic than vinegar, it can seriously change the environment, damaging plants and aquatic ecosystems. Sulfuric acid was then used as a substitute for acid rain as it is one of the components of acid rain. Therefore, it

Ocean acidification is a big problem in society but hasn’t been given the recognition needed. Before the industrial era began, the average pH at the ocean surface was estimated at 8.2 (slightly basic; 7.0 is neutral). In 2013 the average pH level was 8.1. Although the change may seem insignificant, similar natural shifts have taken 5,000 to 10,000 years but because of societal development this change occurred between 50 to 80 years. It was hypothesised that by the lowering the PH level of the experiment water it will have a decomposing effect on the organisms (shells).Three shells were placed in separate beakers with different levels of pH and were tested for the changes of mass (intervals of 2 to 3 days). Sample 2 of the experiment showed

Increasing ocean acidification is the result of the high concentrations of CO2 in the ocean water. It has been explained that these high concentrations of CO2 come from the atmosphere which then dissolve into the water. The CO2 lowers the pH of the ocean thus making it more acidic. Now, scientists are saying that pollution is also increasing the rate of ocean acidification and damaging many oceanic communities such as the Great Barrier reef. With pollution floating in the water and on top of it, sunlight is blocked and is not able to reach plants and algae that undergo photosynthesis. This prevents the photosynthetic organism from soaking in the CO2 and converting it into oxygen. Without the plants going through photosynthesis, the ocean soaks up more CO2 and becomes more acidic. Ocean acidification is found to be extremely harmful, especially to marine animals with carbonate shells and skeletons. The acidification in the ocean makes it difficult for these marine animals to develop their shells and bones. Coral reefs and fish are also being negatively affected. The CO2 levels are affecting the fish’s ability to sense predators and instincts. To show how bad ocean acidification has gotten, the article shows that CO2 in the atmosphere and ocean went up by 30%. One of the feared long term affects ocean acidification may have is

In this study, two simulation schemes were developed using the ORYZA2000 to model climate change impacts on winter rice yield of Bangladesh. While we downscaled climate data driven by ORYZA2000 model to get the future scenario of how rice yield responses to climate change. The model shows that the simulated and measured rice yield data well matched with the calibrated and validated periods, suggesting the ORYZA2000 is applicable to simulate the rice yield in Bangladesh. In the global context, the results of rice yield showed that the developing countries like Bangladesh had lower yield of rice compared to other rice planting countries including the US, Australia, Japan, China and South Korea (Supplementary Fig. S2, FOASTAT 2012; George

We divided the time domain into three periods, baseline period (1990-2011) and mid future (2046-2065) and far future (2081-2099) periods for climate change scenario analysis in the present study. Moreover, the model requires good quality observed data (1990-2011) to calibrate with NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) data which obtained from the Global Yield Gap Atlas (GYGA, http://www.yieldgap.org). Depending on projection data availability in five regions for an observed period (1990-2011) and two future periods (2046-2065) and 2081-2100) were taken into consideration for future yield simulation of rice. The predicted changes in climate and their impacts need to be assessed relative to the observed period. The observed climate (1990-2011) is significantly different from the climate of the past years, for example, 1961-1990. Similarly, some climate change studies have been used the daily observed weather data as a reference (baseline period) climate (Kumar et al. 2014). Table 1 illustrates the relative change of mean maximum and minimum temperature, total

Pollution started entering the atmosphere in large amounts during the industrial revolution. In 1872 Robert A. Smith of Air in Manchester, England. Where during the industrial revolution he discovered the relationship between the atmosphere and acid rain. His results showed unusually high acidic levels of hydrogen ions. This is when the term Acid Rain was introduced. It was only later in 1980 when it was recognised on a more of a global scale.

From the precise moment, man first polluted the world, from burning fossil fuels to urbanization, many people were uneducated about the threatening long-term effects that came along with these massive innovations. One of the many serious threats is acid rain and a lot of people don’t notice the effects of this worldwide dilemma. It is now apparent that acid rain will now affect our everyday lives. Acid precipitation impacts the environment, the people, many animals, and industries in the world. When we burn fossil fuels nitrous and sulfuric gases are released into the atmosphere and these gases react with water and oxygen, therefore, making acid rain.(National Geographic,2017) Acid rain comes in many forms like snow, hail, and dust particles too. (Environmental Protection Agency, N.d) Acid rain destroys many habitats, ecosystems, wear down buildings and statues, and can contaminate many bodies of water in Canada. Acid rain is prevalent near the eastern side of Canada and has also made a huge impact in a city named Sudbury. Acid precipitation was very common in the mid 19 century due to industrialization and lack of technology and knowledge of pollution. We need to find new ways of producing electricity we burn too many fossil fuels, therefore, creating carbon emissions that are extremely harmful to the world and people around us and triggering the acid rain effect. Acid rain is a giant problem for the world and especially Canada it affects the environment around us and

The simulation results indicate that irrigated rice yield in Bangladesh will sharply decline spatiotemporally in the two future periods with and without considering CO2 fertilization effects. The highest decrease in rice yields and yield variability will occur under both climate models in the 2090s. The decrease in rice yields spatially for the future scenarios follows the order: northwest>southwest>southeast>central>northeast regions of Bangladesh. Furthermore, the change rates in

From the precise moment, we first polluted the world, from burning fossil fuels to urbanization many people were uneducated about the threatening long-term effects that came along with these massive innovations. One of the many serious threats is acid rain a lot of people don’t notice the effects of this worldwide dilemma. When we burn fossil fuels nitrous gases are released into the atmosphere and these gases react with water and oxygen, therefore, making it rain filled with many sulfuric acids and chemicals.(National Geographic,2017) Acid rain destroys many habitats, ecosystems, wear down buildings and statues, and can contaminate many of the streams of water in Canada. Thousands of trees will we wiped out due to acid rain, therefore, damaging our huge exports of lumber. Our sources of water will now be contaminated and would not be accessible or safe to drink or use. Our water would have to go through many filters before it will be safe to drink. Now we realize the detrimental effects that come with acid rain from the dwindling surplus of trees to the harmful chemicals polluting our ecosystem it's time to stand and take action to this worldwide crisis.