Simvastatin Concentration

The unknown sample was identified to contain Acetaminophen, Aspirin, and caffeine based on comparison of known Rf values (Table 1). When comparing the traveled UV lit spots (figure 1), Aspirin and Ibuprofen traveled the same distance from the start line. Unknown sample 16 contains Aspirin not Ibuprofen, due to the intensity of the spot under UV light. Aspirin and the unknown shared that same intensity, whereas Ibuprofen did not share that same strength of brightness. The distance traveled by the samples was dependent upon their affinity for the mobile phase 200:1 ethyl acetate – acetic acid. The samples that traveled the furthest like the Aspirin and Ibuprofen were the most soluble in the mobile phase. The samples that traveled the shortest

10 microliters of the sample is then added and the assay absorption is measured at 340nm. If absorbance was above 1.5, samples were diluted.

Both Aspirin and the Unknown are soluble in dichloromethane, due to their non-polar characteristics. To separate the two components, sodium bicarbonate was added (see figure 3). Sodium bicarbonate reacted with aspirin and converted it to a salt, also forming water and carbon dioxide. It was observed that the solution "fizzed" when this reaction took place, showing the release of carbon dioxide. The newly formed salt then traveled to an aqueous layer where it was soluble, while the unknown remained in the dichloromethane layer. The two layers were then separated. To collect an aspirin solid, the combination of the addition of HCl and the process of vacuum filtration helped to break down the salt and form a solid. Then the solid was placed in the Fisher Scientific Biotemp Oven to dry it to a constant mass of 0.091 g, 32.97% of the total composition. The

In order to test the predictions of the hypotonic, hypertonic, and isotonic hypothesis for the solution  made during the study,  four samples of sucrose were taken and placed into two different beakers each containing a different concentration. Beaker 1 is  250- mL and contained 150-mL of 10% sucrose with dialysis tubing A, while beaker 2 (a large bowl) contained 1% sucrose, with dialysis tubing  B, C, and D. Tubing A contained 10-mL with 1% sucrose. Tubing B

In this experiment, 0.31 g (2.87 mmol) of 2-methylphenol was suspended in a 10 mL Erlenmeyer flask along with 1 mL of water and a stir bar. The flask was clamped onto a hotplate/stirrer and turned on so that the stir bar would turn freely. Based on the amount of 2-methylphenol, 0.957 mL (0.00287 mmol) NaOH was calculated and collected in a syringe. The NaOH was then added to the 2-methylphenol solution and allowed to mix completely. In another 10 mL Erlenmeyer flask, 0.34 g (2.92 mmol) of sodium chloroacetate was calculated based on the amount of 2-methylphenol and placed into the flask along with 1 mL of water. The sodium chloroacetate solution was mixed until dissolved. The sodium chloroacetate solution was poured into the 2-methylphenol and NaOH solution after it was fully dissolved using a microscale funnel.

Running the chloroform extracts and diluted sample together with two positive controls and a negative control on a single chromatographic plate simultaneously, the retention factor(Rf) of five different samples were determined. The RF value of the chloroform extract(0.75) tallied with that of the codeine positive control and that of diluted sample(1.00) with the paracetamol positive control.

The data that my group and I collected for sample A was 0.004 Abs, 0.003 Abs, and 0.003 Abs, which resulted in an average of 0.0033 Abs. For sample B we found the absorbance was 0.626 Abs, 1.303 Abs, 1.312 Abs, which resulted in the average to be 1.0803 Abs. The sample that might have been from a person who took an overdose of aspirin was sample B. Sample B had 1.077 Abs more absorbance than sample A. Because the more ugs of salicylate the greater the absorbance

Many successful methods to measure the degree of plasma protein binding of drugs have been derived. All these method work by physically separating the unbound drug from the bound drug and calculating the relative fractions.

Drug content determined of different batch microcapsules by taking around 50mg of microcapsules in a mortar and microcapsules were crushed into powder by a pastel. 15mg of crushed powder were weighed by weighing box in an electronic balance and dissolved into 0.1N NaOH and make the volume upto 100ml. Then sonicate the solution for about an half an hour. The solution was diluted to 10 times by taking 5ml of the solution in a 50ml volumetric flask and added 0.1N NaOH up to the mark. The absorbance of these diluted samples were taken at 257nm wave length. Then 10mg standard was taken in a 100ml volumetric flask and added 0.1N NaOH upto the mark. The solution was diluted to 10times taking 5ml of the solution in a 50ml volumetric flask and added 0.1N NaOH upto the mark. The absorbance of the diluted solution was taken at 257nm wave length. From the standard preparation the corresponding concentration of thr absorbance was converted to the amount of drug present in 15mg of powder. Then the average percentage of the drug content was

In this experiment, a spectrophotofluorometer Shimadzu RF-5301 was used to determine the concentration of unknown riboflavin with 5% v/v acetic acid of 10 ppm standard riboflavin solution. An external calibration was performed in using 5 standard known concentrations of riboflavin and plotting a calibration curve. The LOD and LOQ were 0.0622 mg/L and 21.3 mg/L respectively. The calibration curve enabled for the determination of the unknown (3013) concentration of riboflavin at 0.37416 mg/L in which linear regression was used to determine the slope and intercept of the curve.

The statins are competitive inhibitors of the natural substrates for the active sites to the Enzyme HMGR. Unlike the natural substrates, they do not need enzyme catalyzed reactions and have potential of binding to the active sites more strongly. This is affected by both the polar head and hydrophobic moieties which are important to the action of statins. All the statins have the same polar head group and it is this groups which enable the statins to mimic the natural substrates (HMG-SCoA).

Firstly, aspirin was weigh to 0.25g which was then dissolved in 100cm3 of distilled water by heating to >80°C using a hotplate. 2.0g of agar was added while stirring and was heated till dispersed, giving almost clear solution. The temperature was control so as not to overheat the agar. The agar was left to cool in an ice bath. Using a hollow cylinder, the agar was cut to approximately 4.0g (the exact weight of the agar was recorded). It was then transferred to a 250cm3 beaker filled with 50cm3 of distilled water and a conductivity probe was placed into the beaker to measure the conductance (Conductivity, Gt, S/cm) against time (measured every 1-2 minutes for the interval of 30 minutes). To ensure consistency, the solution was swirl for approximately 10 seconds before the minute was up. Next, the conductance of aqueous solution with only aspirin present was calculated by getting the amount of aspirin through the formula (Y=X/102g aspirin) and it was dissolved into 50cm3 of water. The conductance was measured in order to obtain the Control (Ga). From there, the fractions of Aspirin released at any given time (Qt) were measured thus providing the following of the release of the Aspirin by plotting the graph of Log Qt versus Log t.

The standard curve (Fig. 1) generated using the resulting absorbance of the glucose standard displays the variation in absorbance at 340nm with the amount (nmol) of standard present in the sample. A linear trend is clearly visible, with a calculated gradient of 0.0156.

Mean values (n=3) of drug dissolution profiles are as shown in table 36. Standard deviation was not more than 2 in any case. It was observed that after storage of three months in stability chamber, drug release was decreased approximately by 5% while lag time was unaffected. Also for pellets stored at ambient conditions lag time was unaffected and drug release was lowered approximately by 5%.

To a 0.5 ml of blank plasma, 100 µl of Zolmitriptan standard solutions at concentrations of 0.5, 2, 5,.10, 20,.40 ng/ml and 100 µl of internal standard (IS) Sumatriptan (500 ng/ml) were added and. vortexed for 60 seconds. After that, 50 µl 10 N NaOH solution was added and vortexed for 60 seconds. Afterward, 2 ml of diethyl ether was added and vortexed for 60 seconds. The solution was centrifuged for 20 minutes, at 4000 rpm. Organic layer was filtered by 0.45µm millipore filter paper, then evaporated to dryness under the effect of heat of the water bath, then reconstituted with 500 µl of mobile phase. The standard calibration curve for Zolmitriptan was assembled by using the analyte/IS peak-area ratios versus the concentrations of the analytes (100).