Single Subject Research Design

The purpose of the study is to determine the effectiveness of anger management training, specifically, with adolescent males with conduct disorder (Gliner, Harmon, & Morgan, 2000).

A single-subject design of research was utilized. This research design is a prevailing and practical tool that is applicable for assessing interventions with the participant seeking specific habitual behavioral changes under a given set of circumstances (monitoring SSB intake). The design involves a AB structure, where “A” is the baseline (regular daily SSB consumption) phase and “B” refers to intervention phase (limiting SSB intake). Outcome was recorded during both phases, which made it easier to understand because it showed (intake) what happened on a day-to-day basis. Baseline data will be collected daily at the home (setting) of the participant for one week and entered into a questionnaire and chart at the end of the week. The following week the participant did the same thing, but only this time SSB intake was monitored daily to see if limits could be put on consumption, the behavior the participant wanted to change.

Smoking is an expensive habit. People who smoke cigarettes can spend as much as $2,500 a year on them. Smokers’ claim that it helps relax them and it releases stress but the negative aspects of smoking outweigh the positive. Smoking is a health hazard for smokers and non-smokers. Smokers should have the right to choose what to do with their own health but they should respect non-smokers. Many people believe that there are good and bad outcomes from smoking. I believe that smoking is bad and that it should be banned.

Although it is proven that smoking calms you down for the short period you are smoking that cigarette, in the long run, smoking can be the cause of many stressful issues. Smokers will be stressed when they end up in a hospital fighting any number of smoking related problems like lung cancer and emphysema. Smokers will be stressed when they get the expensive medical bill. They might not have the money to pay this bill because of all the money that they have wasted on cigarettes. If a person smokes a pack of cigarettes every day for one year, it will cost them nearly $1300 a year. So if you are a lifetime smoker of 30 years, you have probably given the tobacco companies $39,000(Action on Smoking and Health). Think of all they could do to take away their stress with that money.

Studies, such as “Chronic Smoking, Trait Anxiety, and the Physiological Response to Stress,” and “Work stress, smoking status, and smoking intensity: an observational study of 46 190 employees,” have shown that stress can lead to habit forming usage of unhealthy substances. For example, chain smoking has been connected as a response to stress. Typically, people with a higher stress level have a higher desire to smoke cigarettes (Wiggert, Wilhelm, Nakajima, al’Absi, 2016, p. 1619). For most people the nicotine in cigarettes helps regulate negative thoughts and emotions about work stress. It has also been supported that people are two times as likely to begin smoking regularly if they have a diagnosed anxiety disorder (Wiggert, Wilhelm, Nakajima,

Cigarettes contain nicotine, a highly addictive substance found naturally in tobacco. It travels quickly to the brain when it is inhaled and can cause a feeling of temporary relaxation and/or stress relief. Nicotine can also elevate your mood and your heart rate. But this feeling is only temporary. After your body rids itself of the drug, you start

Man is a creature that is highly dynamic. There are a lot of human behavior that can be observed, observed and predicted. One of them, namely the smoking behavior. As with any other behavior, behavior of smoking appear due to internal factors (biological factors and psychological factors, such as the behavior of smoke do to reduce stress) and external factors (social environmental factors, such as affected by peers).

This paper will provide a brief overview of my Single Subject Design (SSD) project that I conducted for my SOWK 300 research class. For my SSD experiment I wanted to investigate the number of negative thoughts that I had each day and then try and implement an intervention that would reduce the frequency of negative thoughts that I experienced each day. The study was divided up into three phases in the format of an A-B-A design. For the intervention/treatment phase of this experiment I used mindfulness techniques. Overall, I feel that the intervention that was implemented was effective. This was evident as can be seen in the data collection. This experiment also allowed me to examine and think about how as a future social worker I could implement my experience with SSD experiments to help my clients.

Our economic sanctions episode data are taken from TIES Data 4.0. TIES dataset covers the time period for the cases ranges from 1945 to 2005. The unit of sanctions is target country basis; if a sender makes a threat against multiple targets, a new case is created for each individual target. (Morgan, Bapat, and Kobayashi 2013) In this data, 1,412 cases are included. We exclude 165 ongoing cases, because unfinished episodes’ outcomes are undetermined. In addition, we will omit 158 episodes whose sanctions type which is composed only non-trade restriction; asset freeze, termination of foreign aid, and travel ban. Since my theory is based on the effect of restriction trade. After eliminating, the 1,089

1) Is there is a relationship between childhood obesity levels in primary school children and whether the child participates in after school sports activities?

to these products. One of the reason could be relaxation, but is it really worth it? Cigarettes contain hundreds of chemical compounds that consumers are obtaining; however, thanks to those chemicals, the risk of having a disease such as cancer, Alzheimer’s, and dementia are higher due to the long terms risks of consuming tobacco. The U.S. Surgeon General estimates that 5.6 million young people alive today will die prematurely from tobacco. People should stop smoking cigarettes as it actually scars their lungs and damages their breathing, as well as causes a wealth of respiratory and other health related issues.

Within the past few centuries, environmental tobacco smoke has been an issue. Smoking tobacco products is the leading, preventable cause of death in the United States. More than ten times of the deaths from smoking cigarettes have added up to be more deaths than all the wars fought by the United states (Jones, Page 65, 2016). There are more deaths caused each year from tobacco use than all deaths of HIV, illegal drug and alcohol use, car accidents, and murders combined (Judd, page 110, 2009). Smoking harms nearly every organ and part of the body, and affects one’s overall health. The effects of smoking can affect the social attitudes towards smoking, and can have lifelong impacting effects, which can also cause diseases and cancers.

One of the common justifications of tobacco smokers to maintain the habit is that smoking relieves stress. And it seems they are right. Those who had received nicotine patches were less likely to retaliate against provocations virtual enemy(Swan, 2007).

Scientific research is conducted for a variety or purposes, including gathering preliminary information, to help define a scientific problem, describing a structure or phenomenon, develop new scientific methods or tools, testing a scientific theory, and to evaluate the effectiveness of a policy or program. Many methods are used for conducting scientific research. However, research can only be considered valid and “good” if it is conducted ethically. A sound research design must be aligned to its research goals, the practicalities of the research context, and meet scientific and ethical standards.

A Critical Evaluate the effectiveness of Multicultural Diverse of Work Force in retail industry; a case study on Tesco, Plc