Sinnfein Research Paper

Under the charismatic leadership of the Reverend Ralph Mark Gilbert from Savannah, the NAACP grew to more than fifty branches by 1946. The radicals wanted the mainstream to take more extreme actions; they resisted however. The weakness in the civil rights movement, from an Irish nationalist point of view was, it could only get so many concessions. Secondly, the movement led to a revolution in raising expectations, but actually seeing the things being done with the results promised by British reforms, was to take a number of years. As a result, Catholics believed that nothing, or very little, had been achieved as a result of the civil rights campaign, and began to get very weary, indeed, about both the British government and the government in Belfast. Catholics were prepared to turn towards much more militant means like entering the IRA. African Americans during these times were trying all they could to get their “American Dream,” but it was being deferred by the whites. They would not give up especially with the leadership of Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcom X who would fight for what they wanted even though they had different ways of doing

In the first place, my maternal grandfather instilled a pride and understanding of my Irish roots. Specifically, he brought me over to Belfast to learn and experience the culture. At the time, the hostility between the Protestants and Catholics was evident. Additionally, I saw people living under the threats of terrorism and bombing, propaganda graffiti, and a city under a police state. Similarly, I witnessed families torn apart because a mother was one

     While the Workingmen’s Benevolent Association’s members were of many different nationalities, the Irish continued with their local chapters of the Ancient Order of the Hibernians. The middle and upper classes, although it consisted of all classes, mainly ran the AOH. Therefore the Irish workers had a difficult time, even with their own “brothers”, gaining support for their struggle for better working conditions in the mines.

McCaffrey contends that even though many Irish Catholics were ignorant of the social and political realities of life in industrial cities, with many browbeaten by the obscurantism of their priests, they gradually emerged as a major factor in the embryonic Labour Party. Additionally, Gallagher defines the rise of Catholic Unions, asserting “they were particularly energetic in the inter-war period in the realm of politics” with a mission to organise the Catholic vote to guarantee that the interests of the Catholic population were catered for politically, thus they looked to the Labour Party to support them in this need. Catholic activists, up until 1914, were predominately in the form of the United Irish League. It could be argued that the United Irish League had skillfully garnered the Catholic vote in support of Irish nationalism.

Edward Gein was born in August 27, 1906 in La Crosse. He is the son of a timid alcoholic father and a fanatically religious mother. Gein grew up alongside his older brother Henry, in a household ruled by his mother’s puritanical preaching about sins of lust and carnal desires. His father, George Philip Gein, died from a heart attack caused by alcoholism on April 1, 1940. After his father's death, Henry and Edward started to odd jobs in order to cover living expenses; Both considered handymen, however, Edward considered babysitting the most. On May 16, 1944, Edward and his brother were both burning away marsh vegetation on the property, but fire started to go out of control which drew the attention of the fire department. By the end of the day,

After the first world war the leaders of europe came together to discuss the boundaries of europe. British rule decided to separate ireland into two sides. North Ireland was created when the british government of Ireland Act in 1920 divided Ireland into two areas; the Irish Free State and the Northern Ireland Roman Catholics, who made up around one-third of the population of Northern Ireland, were largely opposed to the separation. The British took over , but only after many revolts and riots against them from the people of ireland. In 1969 the IRA (Irish Republican Army) was formed. They were a Catholic Irish nationalist group that used guerrilla tactics like bombings and assassinations to oppose British rule and oppression in Ireland. Their main goal was to fight the british that took over their home. The IRA would Fight using guerilla and terrorist tactics including bombings, assassinations, kidnappings, punishment beatings, extortion, smuggling, and robberies. But over time the IRA became more of a dangerous militia then patriots defending their home.

On May 24, 1888, Ben Hagen Jr. and Millie Pinkston-Hagen gave birth to Ida in Huntingburg, Indiana (Backer 1). Although they had Ida in Huntingburg, the Hagen family did not live in the Pinkston Settlement; Ben owned land near the Pinkston farm, just not on the property. Though an active farmer, Ben Hagen also practiced ministry at the Missionary Baptist Church. He continued farming and preaching even after the majority of the other settlers had diminished. (Taylor 1) Ida’s father went on to serve as a member of the 100th United States Colored Infantry in the Civil War (Hackman 2). Ida’s mother, Millie Pinkston, was the daughter of Emmanuel Pinkston Jr. and his second wife, Anna Eberhart (Hackman 1). Because of this connection with the settlement,

The Real Irish Republican Army (RIRA) is a splinter group of the Irish Republican Army (IRA) that uses sabotage, subversion, and guerilla warfare to express its opposition to the terms of the 1998 Good Friday Agreement. This agreement basically recognized that the majority of the people within Northern Ireland wished to remain a part of the United Kingdom. It also recognized that a large section of the people of Northern Ireland, and the majority of the people of the continent of Ireland wanted a united Ireland. For the most part, the Good Friday Agreement brought an end to the struggle between unionists and nationalists during the “Troubles” (an unconventional war spanning from 1968-1998 in Northern Ireland between British security forces, republican and loyalist paramilitaries, and civil rights groups). To understand how the RIRA came to be, you have to know a little about the history of the IRA. Specifically, on how the members regarded violence as a means to a unified Ireland without British involvement. “In December 1969, the IRA divided into “Official” and “Provisional” wings. Both factions were committed to a united Irish republic, but the Officials eschewed violence after 1972, whereas the Provisionals, or “Provos,” carried out various attacks and assassinations, attempting to compel the British Army to withdraw from Northern Ireland. In the wake of the Bloody Sunday shootings by the British military in January 1972, the Provos’ ranks

The Irish were promised the Home Rule Act, but it was taken away at the start of the Ester Uprising. “This modest promise was swept away the Easter Uprising of 1916, when a small band of rebels paralyzed the city and the Irish Republic was proclaimed from the steps of the GPO” (Hegarty). Padhraic Pearse led about 2000 people into the Easter Revolution, only a small fraction of the people that had lived in Dublin at the time. Most of the Irish were involved in World War I. “They had little support – many Irish volunteers had joined the war effort and the rebels were perceived to be traitors to the great cause” (Hegarty). It would take more violence and rebellion against the British to bring attention to their cause both locally and abroad.

When North East Ohio Medical University sponsored a student led project, BetheBeautifulU was formed. Our campaign’s goal is to expose social media’s negative effect on teenage self-esteem due to its focus on Eurocentric standards of beauty. BetheBeautifulU’s purpose was to confront Cleveland's high school issues with self-esteem hidden within high school culture. We came up with numerous topics, like body positivity, but the one that was deeply anchored in our school was colorism. Colorism in Cleveland school districts and the media perpetuates the idea that lighter skinned people are more beautiful and most accepted compared to dark skin people. During our seminar to promote BetheBeautifulU, we asked

Roderick Dwayne Belin is a Christian minister who has served in the African Methodist Episcopal Church for over 30 years. Having served congregations in Atlanta, GA; Jamaica, NY; and, Orangeburg, SC, Roderick is now pastor of Lee Chapel AME Church in Nashville, TN and Publisher of the AME Church.

Many of you may know Ed Gein from his influence on the characters from Texas Chainsaw Massacre as “leatherface”, American Horror Story as “Dr. Thredson”/“Bloody Face”, Psycho as “Norman Bates”, The Silence of the Lambs as “James Gumb”. But, This certain serial killer is much more than how he is portrayed in these films. He was even a furniture entrepreneur of sorts among other things. Ed was born on August 27,1906 in La Crosse, Wisconsin. He endured a fairly secluded childhood.

The alleged origin of the Irish Republican Army could be traced back to the Easter Rising of 1916 (Alonso, 2001; Arena & Arrigo, 2004; Filardo-Llamas, 2013; Hart, 1997; Page & Smith, 2000). Radical nationalists, who were part of a group called the Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB), took the opportunity to take up arms against the British during the war in Europe (Filardo-Llamas, 2013). The Irish Republican Brotherhood was the precursor of the modern IRA. They were a secret society who was

While those involved in the Rising were interned at camps such as Frongoch or imprisoned at places such as Dartmoor, the GAA in Dublin, like the national organisation, faced a ban on the playing of Gaelic Games. Many of the 3500 rebels interned had been involved in Nationalist activity with groups such as Na Fianna Eireann and the Gaelic League. However, others who

In addition, many nativist groups regard the Irish immigrants as a threat in low-paying job. That led to the employment opportunities for the Irish at that time almost a major obstacle. The other reason for the opposition comes from religious issue. The nativist groups support for the “Know Nothing” political party, which is an anti-immigrant platform. They blame immigrants are such problems of unemployment, crime and housing shortage.