Six Sigma at Wipro

The driving factors for a success or failure of implementing Six Sigma is largely dependent on the inputs set forth at the conception and duration of the integration. This whitepaper will compare and contrast these critical inputs for a successful deployment. In order to accomplish this five various companies: GE Electric, W.R. Grace, Royal Chemicals, Diversified Paper and Lemforder. Some of these organizations had very successful results while others failed to reach their full potential. What is clear is the similarities of those that succeed and those that failed.

Six Sigma was first introduced in the 1980’s by none other than Motorola. It was not however necessarily a novel concept at the time so much as it drew from a conglomerate of proven manufacturing principles. It is strikingly similar to the scientific method in design. Six Sigma approaches areas that may not necessarily be viewed as problematic with an open mind. It seeks to analyze problems or questions with a stepwise, statistical, and quantitative focus in order to discover, fix, or disprove problems that may or may not exist within a process. By doing this Six Sigma can improve efficiency and therefore improve positive outcomes for whatever the endpoint may be (Mast, Bisgaard, & others, 2007).

Six Sigma can be seen as a measure of quality that strives for near perfection. Six Sigma is a disciplined, data-driven approach and methodology for eliminating defects (driving toward six standard deviations between the mean and the nearest specification limit) in any process – from manufacturing to transactional and from product to service.

The concept of Six Sigma was developed in the early 1980’s at Motorola Corporation (Harry and Schroeder, 2000). Six Sigma can be defined as a statistical measure of the performance of a process or product (Kumi et. al., 2006). It is used as a quality control mechanism, which seeks to reduce defects or variations in a process to 3.4 per million opportunities thereby optimizing output and increasing customer satisfaction (Sambhe, 2012). Sigma is representing the standard deviation, a unit of measurement that designates the distribution or spread about the mean of a process (Six Sigma Academy, 2002). In addition, the Six Sigma uniquely driven by close understanding of customer needs, disciplined use of fact, data, and statistical analysis, and diligent attention to managing improving, and reinventing business processes (Pande, P., et. al. 2000). The Six Sigma methodology uses statistical tools to identify the factors that matter most for improving the quality of processes and generating bottom-line results. The Six Sigma DMAIC (Define, Measure,

Six Sigma is a systematic and a disciplined approach, a strategy for eliminating the defects in any process like manufacturing, transaction etc. from product to service.

As a management system, six sigma permeates all aspects of an organization. Many of those who have had the opportunity to participate in six sigma projects have experienced the transformation of six sigma principles and concepts into the fabric of the management system of the companies in which they are employed by witnessing improvements that will have continuous, long term influences within the company. This is accomplished by creating alignment within the company leadership. Six sigma offers a way of thinking that facilitates improvement by reducing the amount of variation in each process. Statistical tools are used to provide insight so that management can predetermine process outcomes. It also provides a method to analyze a process to determine areas of possible improvement.

Six Sigma is one of those words that most individuals don’t use in their everyday vocabulary. What is Six Sigma you may ask? Maybe it is some kind of product, a slogan or maybe it 's a company. If you thought it was any of these things, you 're wrong. Six Sigma is actually a management philosophy. It was developed by engineer Bill Smith (while working at Motorola in 1985). Six Sigma sets extremely high objectives, collects data, and analyzes results which reduces defects in products and services.

Six Sigma is a household name in the world of industry. Six Sigma is a union of of methods and instruments that are created for one sole purpose—process improvement. An engineer named Bill Smith, who worked at the cellphone company, Motorola, in 1986, first initiated this principle. 9 years later, Jack Welch from General Electric made Six Sigma central to his business strategy.

This chapter reports related literatures to describe the methodology and implementation of six sigma. The literature review in this paper is divided into four parts viz: Basic concept, DMAIC methodology, DFSS approach, and Quality deployment.

The basic principle of improvement by the processes of Six Sigma methodology is by the reduction of diffusion. The six sigma approach aims to reduce defect levels to only a few parts per million for an organization's key products and processes. The Six Sigma philosophy is based on the fact that all processes from design, through to manufacturing and to services provided to customers, display aberrances, which may result in product errors that cost time and money. These errors are variations of processes that can be reduced by various methods in order for the real cause of the problem to be systematically identified and

Six Sigma is defined as highly controlled and well-ordered process to focus on developing and delivering perfect products and services .

Although originally introduced by Motorola in 1986 as a quality performance measurement, six sigma has evolved into a statistically oriented approach to process and product quality improvement. Many organizations have reported significant benefits as a result of six sigma project implementation, though not all are yet success stories. Antony, J. and Banuelas, R. (2002) defines Six Sigma is a business strategy and a systematic methodology, use of which leads to breakthrough in profitability through quantum gains in product/service quality, customer satisfaction and

Six Sigma, is a management process that focuses on setting extremely high quality standards; followed by the collection data related to the process and finally analyzing the collected data to find solution to reduce defects in products or services (Rouse, M., Calloway). This Philosophy of Six Sigma simple, if you can count the number of defects in a process, you can determine how to eliminate those defects (Rouse, M., Calloway). The standard for achieving Six Sigma is less 3.4 defects per million (Rouse,

Lean Six Sigma can be termed as a program of process improvement that incorporates two ideas which are lean, and six sigma. Lean comprises of techniques for minimizing the time required to deliver services or products. Six Sigma comprises of techniques for refining the quality of services and products, significantly contributing to amplified satisfaction of the client. By incorporating them, Lean Six Sigma can be seen to be a proven strategy of business management that assists organizations in operating more efficiently. Many quality improvement experts and business analysts believe that this program is the most prevalent business performance methodology in corporate developments history (Taghizadegan, 2006).

The term six sigma is instituted by an Engineer of Motorola Inc. named Bill Smith Forbes reports that by usage of six sigma Motorola has increased more than $16 billion investment funds in 1980 's by Standardizing core procedures. Six sigma is an exceedingly restrained procedure that empowers associations convey about flawless item and services .The figure of six has come statically from current average maturity of most business organizations. It is a quality philosophy and the path for improving performance of the organization by knowing the present situation and where the organization could be in future. The