a. A large non-random sample can turn out to be unrepresentative if the data is non-random. By selecting non-random of population members, then the entire population does not have the chance to being selected. b. Some steps you could take is to make your non-random sample more representative is to randomly select ID numbers of the SJSU population or put up flyers for students to see. c. A non-random sampling is more convenient because getting data by putting up flyers is easier than looking through the entire population of SJSU. d. Random dialing is not considered to be 100% random because every single member of the population does not have a cellular device. e. The more accurate with the least sampling error would be the mean age of 30
According to Schutt (2008), sampling is defined as a subset of population used in a study to be a representation of the population as a whole. My final project is a pre-hire assessment which analyzes potential risky pattern behaviors and emotions in the work place. One of the most important considerations related to sampling that will need to be addressed in my final project is defining the population that will be taking the assessment.
1. Identify each of the unknown samples(use specific data to justify your answers for A and B).
The population sampled due to its specific nature i.e., college students, and college graduates would need to be contemplated in regards to the testing results as it is offered as a depiction of the general population.
Define the appropriate target population and the sampling frame in each of the following situations:
The data will be usable because the participants were randomly picked with no bias or malice. Random sampling was done so as to have reliable data for the survey.
The majority of the college students were seniors and juniors, although some freshmen and sophomores were surveyed. Statistically, a voluntary response sample, which is when the respondents chose to participate or not, is not considered a sample that cannot be used to make conclusions about a population so in conclusion, this sample should not be used to make a conclusion about the population of UMass students or UMass recent graduates.
Probability sampling, also known as random sampling, requires that every member of the study population have an equal opportunity to be chosen as a study subject. For each member of the population to have an equal opportunity to be chosen, the sampling method must select members randomly. Probability sampling allows every facet of the study population to be represented without researcher bias. Four common sampling designs have been developed for selection of a random sample: simple random sampling, stratified random sampling, cluster sampling, and systematic sampling (Burns & Grove,
Small samples will tend to be unrepresentative. The general idea is that small samples are less likely to contain numbers proportional to the whole population.
A) The sample is the 100 students that took the survey and the population are the students at the school.
Non-Probability Sample - is a process when samples are gathered in a way where everyone do not have an equal chance to be selected. . I am going to sit in the lobby of the dormitories, A. A. Branch, Renner, Berkshire, and New Women, to pass out surveys to the first 20 students in each dorm that pass by and voluntary want to take it.
The sample size is a non probability sampling. The problem with non probability sampling is that an element being drawn is not known, so there is no way to tell if the sample chosen represents the population (Madden & Walker, 2005, p. 333). Although there are slight problems in using a non probability sampling, it is more convenient, less expensive, and easier to collect data than other sampling methods (Madden & Walker, 2005, p. 333).
Random Sample: A random sample is one that fairly represents a population, as each member has an equal chance of being included. Random sampling isn’t used in Dr. Tabors research. She wished to investigate the relationship between alertness and sleep in university students, but only gave her survey to 150 freshmen in her psychology class. Each member of a university was not given an equal chance of being included in the survey, and thus isn’t a random sample. The sample that she selected would be unrepresentative of an entire American university student body.
Cheryl is interviewing a representative sample of attendees for the large concert venue that she works in. There are 200 live concerts featuring all types of musicians and musical groups. The number of attendees and their descriptive characteristics are not known in advance; therefore, it is determined to use nonprobability sampling. Based on previous concerts, the number of tickets available is determined and, therefore, the number of possible attendees for each type of music can be determined. By using data from attendance research conducted in the past two years from Glacier Symphony, gender data can be determined based on the type of music. To determine the most reliable method for interviews, the type of nonprobability sampling must
A sample is used when a portion of the target population must be used; neither time nor money allows the entire population to be used. A census would be the other form of data collection because the entire population is used. The portion used in the sample must be carefully selected to represent that population. If sampling is chosen, the researcher must determine which and how many people to interview, which and how many events to observe, or which and how many records to inspect (Cooper, 2014, p. 112). Choosing which sample method to be used is very important because this will be the basis for the way data is collected. If the wrong sample method is chosen the data will not be accurate, and in turn the analysis and the outcome will also be incorrect. For the purpose of this research, BP will use probability method; this is the best method to use because it will give you the most powerful statistical analyses on the results ("choosing a sampling method," 2013, para. 1). The sampling frame within the probability method used will be stratified sampling. Even though
c. If you were to design a statistical sample in order to estimate a demand curve, would you conduct a random sample of the general population, a targeted sample, or a randomized-targeted sample? Explain.