Slavery And The 13th Amendment

The Jim Crow laws were state and local laws enacted that mandated racial segregation in all public facilities in southern states of the former confederacy. The blacks were said to be “separate but equal” and this separation led to conditions for the blacks that tended to be inferior to those provided for whites. Law-enforced segregation mainly applied to the southern United States whereas northern segregation had patterns of segregation in housing that was enforced by the covenants, bank lending practices, and job discrimination. For decades, this included discriminatory union practices for decades. The Jim Crow laws segregated public schools, public places, public transportation, restrooms, restaurants, and drinking fountains. Therefore, it did nothing to bring about social or economic equality.

Jim Crow laws were state and local laws that reinforced racial segregation in the South between the end of Reconstruction in 1877 and the beginning of the civil rights movement in the 1950’s (Urofsky). The laws mandated segregation of schools, drinking fountains, restrooms, buses, and restaurants. In legal theory, blacks received “separate but equal” treatment under the law--in actuality, public facilities were nearly always inferior to those for whites, when they existed at all. In addition, blacks were systematically denied the right to vote in most of the rural South through the selective application of literacy tests and other racially motivated criteria (PBS). Despite Jim Crow laws being abolished in 1964 when President Lyndon Johnson

The Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution is commonly regarded as a major victory against racism that further advanced democracy in America. Adopted on July 9, 1868, it attempted to transform the oppressive culture of the Confederacy by granting citizenship rights to all people born or naturalized in the United States and affording equal protection under the law to all U.S. citizens. Nonetheless, in spite of aiming to put an end to discrimination against African-Americans and other minority groups, this important amendment did not entirely succeed in eradicating racism during the Reconstruction era.

Issued by Abraham Lincoln, the Emancipation Proclamation set all slaves, under Confederate control, free, and armed black troops for the Civil War. A year later, beginning in September of 1864, Maryland, Tennessee, Missouri, and Louisiana abolished slavery. Shortly after, approved by Congress in February of 1865 and ratified in December, the Thirteenth Amendment was official. This amendment abolished slavery throughout the entire Union, which finally freed Kentucky and Delaware slaves. The war started as a fight to preserve the Union, but the new amendment went to show that the war had shifted to a fight to end slavery. The Thirteenth Amendment resulted in the abolition of slavery permanently. Although this freedom did not mean equality. Northern African Americans had been battling for their civil rights before and after the war. They were petitioning and campaigning at the state level, and created the National Convention of Colored Men and the National Rights League at the national level. None of these had as big of an impact as when the Radical republicans in Congress got involved to help overturn the inequalities.

In December of 1865, Congress passed the 13th amendment abolishing slavery in the United States. By July of 1868, the 14th amendment was passed to grant citizenship to anyone, regardless of race, born in the United States and prohibiting states from depriving any person of his life, liberty, or property without due process of law, or rejecting to any person, within their jurisdiction, the equal protection of the laws (Jim Crow Stories). Immediately following the Civil War, Abraham Lincoln and Republicans were trying to give equal rights to African Americans and set rules that would allow the Southern states back into the Union. At the same time, the Radical Republicans were working to minimize African Americans’ rights; this era is known as

In 1865, the Civil War had ended and the 13th Amendment was created. It said that no one of any race could work against their will. It got rid of slavery. The right to bear arms is our 2nd Amendment. It allows us to feel safer in our homes because we have extra protection in case something bad were to happen to us. The 14th Amendment gives everyone equal protection under the law. The constitution says that none of the states can create laws that violate the 14th Amendment.

About a hundred years after the Civil War, almost all American lived under the Jim Crow laws. The Jim Crow Laws actually legalized segregation. These racially enforced rules dominated almost every aspect of life, not to mention directed the punishments for any infraction. The key reason for the Jim Crow Laws was to keep African Americans as close to their former status as slaves as was possible. The following paper will show you the trials and tribulations of African Americans from the beginning through to the 1940’s where segregation was at its peak.

I believe slavery didn’t really end with the 13th amendment . Slavery was reconstructed into the prison system because the 13th amendment made slavery illegal. White people had no slaves to take care of work after the 13th amendment. They couldn’t take care of there plantations by themselves.

The 13th amendment was meant to abolish slavery. It was the beginning of racism being blown out proportion. Racism took over and unfortunately stopped the black people from being free, they passed black codes to degrade black people and basically strip them of their rights all over again. To this day racism is alive and it is very horrific to see how people degrade and dehumanize other because of their color/ethnicity. Sometimes people did not certainly believe in the emancipation because they thought it was not going to make a difference. So, racism was very well alive after the 13th amendment, it is just that people thought it was ok because there were laws passed that basically said that all blacks could not be somewhere. But the people thought it was ok because they were no longer slaves so they thought that why should they get even more after already being freed from slavery, so they created groups to go against the blacks. They created groups that favored white people and terrorized anyone who tried to get in their way or just did not agree with them.

The Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: “All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and the State wherein they reside.” Although misread and misunderstood, it is understood that if a child is born on U.S. soil, that child is a U.S. citizen. More than 300,000 “anchor babies” are born in the United States every year. In 2003 in 70 percent of the 2,300 babies born in San Joaquin General Hospital were anchor babies. Illegal female immigrants flock to the U.S. to have their babies delivered in our hospitals. They do not pay the medical bills and because their babies are U.S. citizens, the child is immediately eligible for welfare. In 1994, approximately 75,000 anchor babies cost California hospitals $215 million. Anchor babies now account for half of all Medi-Cal births. It’s this type of abuse that has led to hospitals going out of business. (Cosman, 2005) California isn’t the only state where illegal immigrants anchor themselves through the delivery of a baby on U.S. soil. This goes on all across the country, and they cannot be

This depiction of how the thirteenth amendment affected the freedom and rights of African-Americans proved that they were criminalized significantly. This amendment made it unconstitutional to hold slaves, unless they have been convicted of a crime. The wealthy white men made a loophole to still have control over free labor. These chain gangs were African-American citizens who were trialed and convicted to a time sentence. That time sentence would usually be paid in hard, free labor. The “War on Drugs” was a war actually on Black and Latino communities. Making a name for young, vigilant black kids as Super Predators. These politicians want to be tough on crime with Law & Order because they have corporations, ALEC, to back them up with money

The perpetual cycle of racial injustice in the United States of America from the end of slavery onward has birthed the nation’s racially biased mass incarceration of black men. Black men have been depicted as criminals since the beginning of American history, and while many think that the thirteenth amendment was a turning point toward ending the plight of African American slaves, it may have instead prohibited their social rise. The thirteenth amendment did not not necessarily end slavery; it simply changed the conditions under which slavery existed. In Ava Duvernay’s documentary 13th, author and former convict Shaka Senghor claims, “the thirteenth amendment says, ‘no involuntary servitude except for those who have been duly convicted of a

Why is it so complicated for the constitution to be amended? One may argue that it was assembled to make the ground rules of the U.S stable, making it hard to change. Others may argue that, in order to change the constitution, Article V, has to make some changes also. Since 1971, there has been an account of one amendment ratified (Posner, Eric, The U.S constitution is hard to amend). The Amendment is an intentionally difficult process by the founding fathers, to set the standard laws for the people, so no other can take control. Over the years, there has been a lack in amending such laws, for example, gay marriage and the burning of the flag.

Though many people believed that slavery and bondage was completely abolished by the 13th Amendment, somehow there was a way around the statement of this constitutional Amendment. What was stated that gave rise to the extension of slavery in America’s Southern states. The 13th Amendment ruled that slavery, could still be legitimate if used as a punishment for crime. This continuation of slavery was said to be a form of punishment for crimes that were committed. The only thing the states in the south had to do was to come up with something that would cause the former slaves to be arrested, and from that point they could officially place them right back into slavery. In order to do this, the politicians of the south came up with a strings of laws they named the “black codes” and this would allow them to place black people under arrest for just about anything they could think of.

The Jim Crow laws perpetuated segregation. This set of rules to show the dominance of the white race were absolutely appalling. They were mainly operated in the southern portion of the United States, but not exclusively. The Jim Crow laws “were in place from the late 1870’s until the civil rights movement began in the 1950’s” (“Jim Crow Laws”). Blacks and whites could not use the same drinking fountains, restrooms, or attend the same restaurants, churches, and schools. It was considered rape or an unwanted advance for a black man to offer his hand to a white woman. Another law was that african-american couples could not show affection towards each other in a public area because it “offended whites” (Pilgrim) along with countless more. There