Probably, one of the most highly applauded actions of the World Health Organization has been the elimination of smallpox in 1967. The World Health Organization started its abolition program when the smallpox was affecting over fifteen million people yearly, with around two million dying. (Greenspan, 2015) Many of the remaining victims with smallpox were left with blindness or severe disfiguration. Smallpox was targeted as the first major virus to be eliminated by the organization because of its feasibility and financial viability. By 1980 the World Health Organization certified smallpox as being eliminated. It is estimated that without the efforts of the WHO around 40 million deaths would have resulted from the smallpox virus by 2002. (Greenspan,
On March 17, 2016, at 1:41 P.M., officer T. Cramblett CPD#1191 was dispatched to he area of Sharon Woods Blvd. and Brookhurst Ave on a narcotics complaint. Radio was advised by a known caller that a white Chevrolet Malibu, occupied by two white females, was parked on the street and were involved in the sales of narcotics. Officer Cramblett was responding to the area when he observed a white Chevrolet Malibu traveling south bound on Beechcroft Rd. Officer G.Meyer CPD# 2333 had also been dispatched on the run, and was traveling north bound on Beechcroft Rd., when he observed the vehicle ,traveling south bound, and aired with radio that it was occupied by two white females. Officers Cramblett observed the vehicle turn east bound onto E. Dublin Granville Rd then initiated a traffic stop just west of Maple Canyon Ave. Officers Cramblett and Myer approached the vehicle and made contact with both occupants advising them of the nature of the stop and asking for
With the numerous health risks coupled with the need for extremely regulated quarantine, what, exactly, forced Rhode Island’s hand into legalizing the smallpox inoculation procedure? Rhode Island’s general assembly wrote that “There is great danger that the inhabitants of the United Colonies may, by the prevalence of that distemper, be rendered incapable of defense at a time when their safety may depend upon their most vigorous exertions.” The smallpox disease, combined with the risk of an epidemic posed such a threat to the American rebel forces that colony’s official legislative bodies deemed it necessary to intervene. And this was at a time when the founding fathers of the United States believed that any form of government should play virtually
Smallpox blankets were intentionally used to infect Native Americans during the French and Indian war. These blankets were given to them from the British as a way to get rid of them, so they can win the war and eventually get more land. By giving the infected blankets to the Natives they accomplished their goal. There is a significant amount of evidence that proves this such as letters, records from the smallpox hospital, documents from William Trent during the time of giving the blankets, and practice of inoculation. Biological warfare was used against the Natives according to the letters from Jeffery Amherst to Colonel Henry Bouquet suggesting the use of smallpox to narrow down the native population.
During the Revolutionary War, one of the main fears were not the enemies bullets, but fear of disease. One of the major viruses that people had to fear was smallpox. The continental army had more to fear than the British in the fact that British had been immunized, and the continental army had not. This was only the beginning of the problems from the smallpox epidemic that broke out in America.
The Speckled Monster is a fictional account (based on considerable historical research) of the Smallpox epidemic which takes place in the early 18th century in London and Boston (Jennifer Lee Carrell, 2016) The two main characters both battled and survived brutal smallpox; Lady Mary Wortley Montagu and Dr. Zabdiel Boylston. They also both witnessed their children suffer with the disease which motivated them individually to find a solution to the problem of smallpox (Jennifer Lee Carrell, 2016) Both main characters were threatened with mob violence, public criticism and ostracism in their search for revolutionary medicine (Rusnock, 2004) During their travels, Lady Mary and Boylston acquired some special knowledge from Eastern European and African slaves about a folk medical traditions that helped to provide a starting point for the modern science of immunology and
When you think of horrid diseases a couple will come to mind. One of the ones that comes to my mind is Polio. Even though this disease is virtually eradicated, it was once rampant. Paralyzing and killing children, there was no treatment or cure for this horrendous disease. As stated by Indiana Jen, “It wasn’t until the 1960s that the Salk vaccine was developed enough to provide immunity to 99% of recipients.” Nowadays, most adults and children never have been touched by the disease and fail to recall that it was once a killer of children.
To date, there is only one case at which an entire disease being eradicated, eliminated worldwide. In 1966-1980, a global smallpox eradication program went underway, and with the help of the countries worldwide it was successfully eradicated.
Throughout the 18th and 19th centuries, as the country grew and trade flourished, periodic epidemics struck regions of the nation as population density increased. Outbreaks of influenza, cholera took over the nation, and in the south, one of the most prevalent was yellow fever. Due to these diseases, a lot of public health policies were either created or changed to better suit the new issues arising. In this essay, I will argue that the Yellow Fever Epidemic of 1878 brought upon many changes in the health realm in terms of public sanitation. In order to prove the epidemic s place in the history of health policies, I will be discussing the creation of the new sewer system, waste disposal techniques, and other projects created.
This article was unique to read because it was actually selected excerpts from the Cumberland House journals of 1781 and 1782. Each excerpt described what kind of person was being affected such as age and gender and then described where the smallpox rash was first noticed. Smallpox was first brought to Mexico by the Spaniards in 1520, later reached Massachusetts and extended west a century later. On each occasion, it occurred in an epidemic form with an extremely high mortality rate. This article describes the first recorded smallpox epidemic on the western plains. The excerpts were handwritten diaries of daily events. The chroniclers were William Tomison and Matthew Cocking. Tomison’s account of the smallpox epidemic just 20 years before Jenner
The rise of American plague more than 100 years ago reflects the versatility to adapt to a new set of vectors and hosts. We note some apparent limitations to explain the popular hypotheses plague persistence and again earlier statements to plague persistence it deserves reconsideration. Especially the potential key role of the flea as vector and Host must support endemic reservoir could help explain continued sylvatic plague between infrequent
The effect of the past, social outbreaks of smallpox in 1520, as well as the Black Plague in 1347 are the best models to contrast the modern AIDS pandemic. Reason for this, is that the smallpox outbreak was an effect of the “Virgin Soil” epidemic, which is a great relation to the AIDS virus. While, the Black Plague adds to another similar case. There were and are many factors of historical changes that can be discussed when involving HIV/AIDS and how it plays a vital role on society. Some of the factors that will be discussed are the first impressions, the responses, the regions that were affected, the spreading of the HIV/AIDS to foreign regions, and the physical and/or visual societal changes.
By 1542, the Taino population that Columbus encountered on the island of Hispianiola lost more than 90 percent of its three million peoples and were extinct only a decade or two after. Natives in other parts of the Americas also faced decimated by smallpox and other diseases. Because of population loss, the social structures and the cultures of various Indian tribes changed dramatically; many traditions and knowledge was lost to history when religious and political leaders and elders succumbed to smallpox. But one of the greatest impact of smallpox was the imbalance of natives and whites, creating a system of racism and culture. The loss of natives' labor prompted colonists to import African slaves, altering the genetic composition of the population.
Small Pox is an infectious disease that causes a fever and rash. The term “pox” comes from the Latin word for spotted. It also refers to the raised bumps that appear on the face and body of an infected person. Small Pox is cause by the Variola virus that appeared many years ago. There are two rudimentary patterns of small pox: Variola minor and Variola major, which is the worst and most common of the two. The earliest known death was Egyptian Pharaoh Ramses. Could it be a coincidence that the disease also originated from Eygpt? Edward Jenner was the “man” in 1796. He was experimenting and proved that small pox was closely related to cow pox. He would then make a key breakthrough in his discovery by concluding that it would protect against smallpox.
Smallpox is caused by the variola virus an extremely contagious disease. That can be spread through any type of contact with the virus. The virus is a member of the genus Orthopoxvirus, in the Poxviridae family. Smallpox has been considered eradicated in the United States since 1972. Virologists have speculated that it evolved from an African rodent poxvirus 10 millennia ago. The name is derived from the Latin word for "spotted" and refers to the raised bumps on the face and body of the patient. (Medscape.com) Smallpox has been to blame for the extinction and almost extinction of many cultures. The disease has been used as biological warfare since the beginning or war. At times,
Imagine a quick spreading rash throughout the entire body, leaving not a single space behind; every opening and crevice in your body, including your mouth and eyes covered in painful bumps accompanied by high fever and severe body aches. Flat red spots transforming into fluid-filled lesions and soon oozing out yellow pus, evidently emitting a pungent odor to anyone who dared get close. The live virus present in the darkening crusty scabs that would soon fall off only to leave behind a deep pitted scarred filled complexion on anyone who was fortunate enough to survive. These scars would be forever remembered as the hallmark for the smallpox epidemic which tormented the world for over 3,000 years. (Riedel “Deadly Diseases”).