Snolab Lab Report

This lab was conducted with the purpose of confirming the trait of homeostasis among goldfish. During the experiment, it was recorded that the fish would increase gill movement when placed in colder water two out of the three trials. However, the results showed no significant difference in gill movement in various temperatures of water. This has very little effect on the broad field of science since our only three trials were performed and may have included human error in the trials.

In this experiment, the effect of water temperature, from 2 to 44℃, on the rate of growth of male bluegill frys will be studied. This is an important thing to study because Earth is warming, so it would be good to learn what this increase in temperature does to fish growth rates. This is also important because fish are a major food source and there is great overfishing,s so if it was learned the best temperature for the rate of growth of bluegills, bluegill farms could more easily grow bluegills in the shortest amount of time and not rely on the environment to produce them, thus reducing overfishing.

Once the experiment was concluded, aged water was slowly added to the temperature- stressed fish in order to raise the temperature of its water. This helped to return its environment back to normal conditions.

The book “Radioactive Boy Scout” is a true story about a boy named David Hahn that attended a Michigan high school. His goal was to set out and build a fast breeder reactor in his garden shed. He educated himself in these things by reading popular mechanics and the golden book of chemistry experiments. Whatever he could not get from laboratory suppliers, universities, hospitals, and nuclear agencies, he made himself. David collected household smoke detectors and extracted americium-24. He also got assembled gas mantle covers and pulverized them to get radioactive thorium and took the Geiger counter in to an antique shop where he found a clock with a phial of radium paint left in it. With a little bit of things he had

The purpose of this lab report is to determine the effects of a different environment condition such as temperature on the consumption of oxygen and ventilation in goldfishes (Carassius auratus). The consumption of oxygen and ventilation rate was measured in goldfishes at different treatment levels inside the tanks; ~ 25°C and ~15°C in a 15 minute time interval for one hour. At ~ 25°C, the ventilation rates in the goldfishes were higher than at ~ 15°C and there was more oxygen consumption at ~ 15°C than at ~ 25°C. The results suggest that the ventilation rate is greater in high temperature than low temperature. Also, there is more oxygen consumption at lower temperature than at higher temperatures. This experiment shows that temperature is

In the process of drilling, some radioactive materials may be exposed to the environment. This has a direct effect on the genetic composition of the living organisms from the miniature microbial to the human being, notwithstanding all plants (Resnikoff & Marvin, 2012.

The extraordinarily resilient bacterial species of Bacillus pumilus has been observed to withstand inexorable quantities of ultraviolent radiation and extreme temperatures. During Curiosity’s launch, scientists meticulously sterilized the launcher and probe so as to eliminate Earth contaminants. However, several hundred strands of these invincible bacteria could have survived the decontamination process. Although it is miraculous for even the most tenacious of microbes to survive the excruciatingly high levels of Ultra C radiation past the Van Allen’s belt, scientists are suspicious that B. pumilus may have survived a seven month trek with outrageously low temperatures and ghastly high quantities of radiation. A United Nation Outer Space Treaty specified that only 300 microbial endospores per meter could exist in the landing site. These rather stringent guidelines provoked agitation in some astronomers, as exceeding the limit would void Curiosity’s mission warrant. This article will

Samples of Artemia eggs were exposed during three days to four different salinities: 0%, 0.5%, 1% and 1.5 %. After gathering all the results, one may observe the level of salinity that contributed to the larger hatching success of Artemia. The sample exposed to a salinity of 0.5% exhibited the greatest hatching whereas the sample exposed to the solution with no salt, or 0% salinity, did not show any hatching nor partial hatching (Table 1). The sample exposed to a 1.5% salinity presented some free-swimming individuals and partial hatch eggs, but they were less than the ones exposed to 0.5% (Table 1). The sample containing 1% salinity was lost during the experiment and we were not able to record the data (Table 1).By looking at the recorded data of the overall class (Table 2), one may still perceive that the most effective solution for hatching was 0.5%

Due to an influx of freshwater from melting polar ice caps, the overall saline concentration of various saltwater environments has been steadily decreasing for years, thereby endangering their inhabitants (Lessios, 2008). For these organisms, including Lytechinus purpuratus, a species of sea urchin, this environmental change has the potential to harm many of their natural functions. As such, it would be expected that the gametes of this organism would not be able to properly fertilize when their natural environment is altered. In this experiment, L. purpuratus eggs were exposed to a natural environmental saline concentration (Cowart et al., 2008), as well as two environments above and two environments below this natural saline concentration. This was done in order to test their ability to be fertilized and the rate at which they fertilize under this environmental stress. It was believed that the conditions below the natural saline environment would have a greater adverse effect on the fertilization success of the sea urchin eggs than the environments above the natural saline solution. This was predicted because sea urchins,

They were obtained from fish that had been used to make breeding behaviour videos. The objective of these videos was to determine whether there were significant behavioural differences between WT and KO fish. The night before 20 tanks would be set up. Each tank contained one female and one male fish. Boxes and black plastic bags were used to keep fish in the dark until they could be filmed. Each video was ten minutes long. 80 tanks were filmed for SgIIa KO, SgIIb KO and WT fish respectively. Additional data obtained from the breeding experiment included the number of embryos produced, the number of unfertilized embryos as well as the number of dead embryos 6 hours post-fertilization (hpf). Once these results were recorded samples could be collected for ISH, the first taken at 6hpf after the dead embryos were counted. After that, samples were collected at 24, 30, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hpf. Each sample consisted of approximately 25 embryos or larvae that would be fixed in paraformaldehyde (PFA). After fixation embryos would be dechorionated and the samples would be dehydrated with methanol washes before being conserved in the -20˚C freezer until the student for whom the samples were collected could complete the remainder of the ISH protocol. Because at this age the fish are very small the procedure used was for whole

When the ozone layer depletes and the earth is exposed to more UV radiation, there are known to be harmful effects on animals and ecosystems. In domesticated animals, it is common to see increased cases of skin and eye cancers when UV radiation levels increase. However, the effects of CFCs and ozone depletion are more noticeable in marine life. For example, many plankton are affected by the increased UV radiation, which can cause some of them to die. In marine ecosystems, plankton are the first level of the food chain, so their decreasing population will likely disrupt the saltwater and freshwater ecosystems (B.C. Air Quality, n.d.). It has also been found that to many animals, such as the sea urchin, UV radiation can act as a teratogen (see picture to the right), which causes damage to their developing embryos, which may result in a less healthy population in the long run. Also, it has been found that in some marine animals, UV radiation can act as an endocrine disrupter, and cause abnormalities in the hormone function of those animals. As a result of damaged embryos and hormone functions, populations of these animals may decrease, which will then damage food chains and ecosystems (Auby,

The deinococceae is a family of the uttermost radiation-resistant organisms. This bacterium, deinococcus radiodurans, was identified by a man and his co-workers in 1951 in Oregon. It was detected in a can of ground meat that became ruined. This bacterium has a boundless supply of environments in which it is found, from elephant dung to granite in Antarctic dry valleys. D. radiodurans have been found in nuclear reactors and nobody knows how they got there, but they just seem to go places and it is a mystery to everyone as to

After looking at many different aspects under the laboratory conditions we found that UV-B radiation is a cause for amphibian deformities. We discovered that UV-B rays are causing embryos to hatch at lower rates and higher deformities than Embryos under UV-B shields. Those shielded also developed more quickly.

The responses varied depending on the original cell type of the explants, the most pronounced response were showing in gill and fin. The results suggest that communication signals leading to a typical radiation response can be passed from a fish to other and seem to involve secretion of a chemical messenger into the

My science fiction article is taking the success of “Apollo 11”, the first time of human landing on the moon, as the background. That year, 1969, is also during the Cold War between the governments of the Soviet Union and the United States. And this victory, neither convinced Soviet Aeroflot of their lagging behind in the space race, nor explained well the “flaws” of collected pictures the NASA presented during the mission. Hence, Leonid Brezhnev, the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, hurriedly and secretly sent their first-made manned spacecraft, “Search 1”, with three astronauts to the moon for investigation in September of the same year. Even though Soviet’s astronauts are shielded from various forms of ionizing radiation, they unfortunately did not pass through the Van Allen Radiation Belts due to an overtime stay in that area caused by a large solar flare ever. The strong space radiation fried up all the astronauts and they did not manage to return. For a solid and sound interpretation of scientific aspects in the sci-fi article, this research paper, related to the topic of radiation exposure for astronauts, is generated to introduce the nature, source, forms, and harms of space radiation, and reveal the real plight astronauts would encounter during space travel. It is as well aiming to present