Subjects The experimental group consisted of 10 male amateur soccer players, mean age . All subjects volunteered for the study and were given consent forms and thoroughly screened prior to testing, see Appendix A and B. Inclusion Criteria The inclusion criteria stated that the male subjects must play soccer at an amateur level and be willing to partake. Exclusion Criteria The exclusion criteria included any acute and chronic lower extremity injuries last 3 months. Equipment Champion Sports Watch model GT14-AG8740-C9-INST-PKG-R02 was used to time the subjects sprint test, as there was no access to Speed Gate equipment, a second assessor, with the same sports watch brand and model, was used for reliability of time. Cones were used to mark out the start and finish distance of 10 yards for the dynamic warm up and 10, 20 and 40 yards for the sprint test. The subjects …show more content…
A preliminary test was conducted two days prior to testing in order for subjects to be accustomed to the warm-up protocol. This was an effort to save time and improve accuracy on testing days’. The subjects’ height and weight were also recorded at the preliminary test. Warm-up Protocol The warm-up protocol for day one consisted of a five minute run at submaximal effort, around the outskirts of the pitch. Following this/, the “subjects performed each dynamic exercise…” (figure 3.1) over a 10 yard distance “…rested for 5-10 seconds and then repeated the same exercise…as they returned to the starting point. They were instructed to continually maintain form during the performance of each dynamic movement” (Thompsen et al., 2007) On day two the subjects were required to complete the above warm-up protocol, however, they “…wore a weighted vest… during the last 4 exercises (i.e. high knee skip, high knee run, heel kick and power skip)” (Thompsen et al., 2007) at 5% of the individual subjects body weight.
Six different subjects all between the age of 21-25 from all different physical levels performed four experiments. Each experiment consisted of two sessions a warm-up and lifting both a 10 lbs and 15 lbs dumbbell with a two-minute break between the two loads. The warm-ups were bicep stretches, which involve three different stretches and lasted for about 30 seconds each for a two-minute stretch, cardio, which included step up until max heart rate was
Bonnechere and all’s purpose of writing this article was to “ [share] a biomechanical analysis of three different sprint start patterns to
The subjects were evaluated for their physical performances objectively by the skin temperature, heart rate and skin micro climate and subjectively by moisture, thermal and overall comfort sensory descriptors during the running activity; this was followed by a rest period of 10 minutes in sitting position in the same environment of the regulated climate chamber. During the post running rest period also the subjects were evaluated for their physical performances objectively and subjectively
Four interval times (PR, RT, TP and RR) measured in seconds were recorded both with the subject at rest and after the subject had exercised. The PR and RT intervals remained virtually unchanged with the PR intervals remaining the same both before and after exercise with an interval time of 0.15 seconds, and the RT interval increase by 0.01 seconds from 0.37 at rest to 0.38 seconds after exercise. More substantial changes were noted in TP and RR intervals. The TP interval decreasing from 0.32 seconds at rest to just 0.08 seconds after exercise, a decrease of 0.24 seconds (just 25% of the resting 0.32 seconds). The RR interval decreased from 0.84 seconds at rest to 0.61 seconds seconds after exercise, a decrease of 0.23 seconds
for a number of tests, including flexibility and power and strength tests, a full warm-up should be conducted to reduce the possibility of injury
The subjects of the experimental study performed were 14 firefighters who were attendees at the Fire Academy. They were all volunteers and met the requirements to be subjects, including having no medical issues that could affect or be affected by the test and being in good physical health with no injuries. Each subject was cleared by physicians to be participants in the experiment and all agreed for information about the study to be released.
Running, it is the simplest of movements: right foot, left foot, right foot, and the simplest of actions: run, relax, and breathe. Many individuals participate in this form of exercise because they enjoy how good it makes them feel, they enjoy feeling the strength of their body while they run, and they enjoy using it as a way of relieving their stress. There are many other factors to take into consideration that effect a persons running such as, the type of footwear they are using, the distance they are running, and the speed of which they are running at. The objective of the main article was to research and compare the differences in stride length, hip, knee and ankle angles in runners when running two different conditions, shod and barefoot, also while running at two
In “Wells Fargo Pays $1 Billion to Federal Regulators” article, the author wanted to tell that the bank Wells Fargo forced to the customers to pay the mortgage interest and they also forced customers to buy the unnecessary auto insurance policy. Moreover, Wells Fargo also creates fake accounts in customers’ name. For these several unlawful acts, this bank has been charged multiple times by Federal Regulators. There are 100 open investigations under this bank name.
The relationship between the principles of training and physiological adaptations has a significant impact on performance. Many factors need to be addressed in a training program to make it a successful one for a particular athlete and thus improve their performance.
Manual muscle testing will be tested to assess the strength in muscles used for running such as the prime/strong muscles which are the hamstrings, gastrocnemius, soleus, quadriceps, and tibialis anterior. This will also determine the weakness in muscles such as the plantarflexors, dorsiflexors, knee flexion, and knee extension. Also, range of motion will be tested on the tight muscles such as the hamstrings, gastrocnemius, quadriceps, and tibialis anterior. When the muscles are tight, the runner will increase the risk of injury (Schipper, 2009). Gait analysis will be used to examine deficits to body function, stability, and describe how the patient will be running. This will help determine the patient’s biomechanics and achieve adequate mobility. Lastly, we will perform a pain assessment to see what pain level the patient is at when running. This will help determine whether the patient is minimizing stress on the body to achieve no pain at all while running. To monitor progress of these assessments, we must know that if these “muscles are weak or become fatigued easily, there is less control of the leg and the risk of injury increases" (Schipper, 2009, paragraph
The warm up included doing dynamic and static stretches, a pulse raiser and a few drills.
Napoleon used strategies to take control over the laws of the farm. One strategy Napoleon used is to assume control over the laws of the farm. Another strategy he used was that he rewrote history to make himself look more of a better person and he demonized anyone who challenged his authority. This is what lead him to spread the rumor that Snowball was the traitor and not a hero. Napoleon also changed the laws to suit his growing greed.
One of the more prevailing ideologies attached to athletes and coaches alike is the more training one completes the better performance can be obtained. While this method has proven to push athletes to crush records, there comes a point in this action plan when excessive training will cause an athlete to plateau or even deteriorate in performance ability (Wilmore, Costill, & Kenney, 2011). This particular method to training has sparked many a research study in which it is generally found that athletes who train in an excess of double the volume of a typical training program see no additional benefits to performance (Wilmore et al., 2011). There are several consequences to this type of training with the top two being overtraining syndrome and
The protocol that was used was chosen from Laurent, et al., (2014) in order to evaluate the fitness of National Collegiate Athletic Association Division 1 hockey players. This protocol was created to mimic the bursts of speed and rest times during a shift during a game. The protocol consisted of four repeated sprint sets. Each set began with a ten second sprint followed by a five second rest, then a five second sprint, ten second
Before the discussion begins on the creation of the firearm, its evolution and its overall contribution to war and combat, we must acknowledge its very origins; gunpowder. The origins of gunpowder trace back to the nation of China, it “ironically was created in the quest for immortality/around A.D. 850” (Whipps, “How Gunpowder Changed the World”). Though it was intended for an alternative purpose, this newfound explosive powder was soon incorporated into China 's weaponry and also became the leading factor in how weapons came to be created. To give insight on the composition of gunpowder, also known as black powder, this powdered substance is composed of three substances, charcoal, sulfur and saltpeter. The charcoal that’s in gunpowder is a “fuel” which means that its sole purpose is to be burned (Helmenstine,”Gunpowder Facts and History”). But the burning of charcoal itself obviously isn’t enough to produce that explosive property that gunpowder is known to have, when burning charcoal “the reaction would be slow, like a wood fire” (Helmenstine, “Gunpowder Facts and History”). Saltpeter, also known as “potassium nitrate” is the oxidizing agent that exists in gunpowder. An oxidizing agent in terms of combustible substances is simply a chemical compound that produces “extra oxygen” in order to strengthen/increase the rate at which the overall substance burns (Helmenstine, “Gunpowder Facts and History”). In the case of gunpowder, saltpeter (potassium nitrate) feeds oxygen to