Social Anxiety Disorder And The Speech Of The Individual ( Asha )

For some, a conversation is scary and hopefully avoidable with a smile while others don't think twice about the way something is said. In the article "The Everyday Anxiety of the Stutterer," by Joseph P Carter, he explains what it's like living day to day with a stutter.

One person, a young teen guy, even mocked me. I tried not to let it go too deeply under my skin. I had to keep reminding myself that this was just temporary, just for the assignment. I definitely can’t imagine what those who have or have had a stutter for the majority of their lives go through. Just one short experience of having to stutter made me feel so small. I can’t even begin to fathom how people with an actual stutter feel about themselves, especially when people treat them so cruelly for something that they can’t help. Overall, stuttering made me feel slower and more self-conscious. I felt like I was being judged solely on the stutter and nothing else. I felt as though all the eyes in the food court were on me, even though they weren’t. I felt slower in the sense that it took me longer to say what I wanted and for some reason, I had to deliberate more as to how I would say what I wanted to. When we watched the kids stuttering during the lecture last week and describing how they felt, I could sympathize with them. After having to experience stuttering first hand, I would definitely say that I developed empathy for them and anyone else with a

Stuttering is a disability that affects over two million of the adult population and can be obtained through genetics. This disability is not just getting stuck on certain words or saying like a few times in a sentence. The disability involves tripping on sounds and in severe cases not being able to verbalize what needs to be said. Yeomen uses an example of a man who could not find the words to ask the women he truly was in love with to marry him and ended up marrying the wrong women. Stuttering can change the lives of so many because they never learn to overcome that tragedy.

This documentary focuses on the journey of seven different individuals who are considered people who stutter. I believe it is important to note the statistics of the prevalence of stuttering mentioned in the video. The statistic states that 1 out of 100 adult and 5 out of 100 children are people who stutter. This prevalence is important for speech therapists to become informed and equipped to treat this population. This documentary gives great insight on the struggles and successes of this population.

the Modifying Phonation Intervals (MPI) Stuttering Treatment Program With Adults Who Stutter. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 24(2), 256-271.

Stuttering is a multifactorial fluency disorder. Motor movements, psychological, and emotional factors have all been shown to influence to progression or regression of this disorder in past research. In order to effectively facilitate fluency in People with a stutter (PWS) it is important to assess and understand all of these factors. The BigCAT is a test to determine the emotional attitudes and beliefs of a PWS regarding their disfluencies. In the article “The BigCAT: A normative and comparative investigation of the communication attitude of nonstuttering and stuttering adults” Martine Vanryckeghem and Gene Brutten assess the content validity of this assessment.

For more minor cases of public speaking anxiety, preparation and practice are common methods of overcoming the problem. Just like many tasks, the more able a person feels about completing the task, the less anxiety they experience. This sense of being ready and able to complete a task is achieved by being prepared. Practice is also important, since this makes the individual

Due to the fact that stuttering is a well-researched disorder, many professionals have come up with different treatment plans. Nonetheless, we will only cover the 4 main treatment approaches, which are as follows: family system therapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), fluency shaping (modification), and stuttering modification. Each of the therapy approaches listed above have their own unique way of helping individuals who stutter. The family systems therapy is used primarily for children who stutter. Through the use of the family systems therapy, the treatment focuses on the “family unit as a whole” (Fogle, 2013, p. 213). Therefore, the clinician takes into consideration how a child’s stuttering affects everyone in the household and what they can do to help minimize the

Stuttering may be triggered by being afraid or feeling insecure. For example, most people feel nervous before presenting in front of a class; therefore, the stuttering on a person will show more. They explained two types of stuttering: persistent developmental stuttering (PDS) and acquired stuttering. Developmental stuttering involves the expansion of stuttering while growing up. Acquired stuttering is gained after a traumatic brain injury. There are two different predictors in why stuttering occurs. The first one is triggered by conflicts children undergo through that has not been fixed, and the second one is learned behavior that has not been fixed throughout childhood years. When stuttering is simply a behavior, it is easier to treat. Respiration,

neurogenic stuttering occurs when there is damage done to the brain that results in a person stuttering. this could make communication difficult with others as the damage of the brain of the individual continues to make the individual stutter. not to be confused with psychogenic stuttering that occurs due to psychological trauma that was caused. however these two do not occur as frequently as development stuttering. stuttering can lead to the disfluency of an individual during a conversation with another

After reviewing the literature regarding stuttering and the effects on the cognitive function, long term stuttering would lead to emotional and psychological distress for the individual. . Social anxiety in stuttering has been linked to humiliation, embarrassment and avoiding social situations which can affect their quality of life. There is no cure for stuttering, but there are ways to reduce stuttering such as attending speech therapy and receiving social support from family and friends which can increase self- esteem. People that struggle with stuttering must overcome their fear of speaking and willing to acceptance their speech. If individuals continue to avoid treatment or allow their speech to control them, this will impact their quality

The study in [IvR13] shows the combine effect of social anxiety disorder and stuttering in adulthood that associated with negative effects to individual life and also occupational and educational disadvantages. The study in [IvR13] also describes that individuals with social anxiety disorder typically avoid social, occupational and educational situations that seems threatening. This avoidance can damage poorly their educational achievement, professional performance, relationships, social interaction and quality of life. Social anxiety disorder is associated with low self-esteem, lower education, suicidal ideation and financial dependency, unemployment, and being single, socioeconomic status. Sometimes, they end up staying away from places

Although, all anxiety disorders essentially overlap each other still they can be differentiated by examining closely the symptoms of anxiety, and situations which are feared, including the exploration of cognition.

For instance, most people have felt shy or insecure on occasion, however, it does not interfere with their daily routines. On the other hand, people suffering from social anxiety disorder experience severe emotional, physical and behavioral symptoms. These symptoms hinder the person from functioning normally on a daily basis (Smith/Jaffe-Gill, 2014). Emotionally, the person fears being criticized and judged by others in everyday social situations. He or she is scared that they might embarrass or humiliate themselves. Frequently, when speaking in public, a person with social anxiety disorder might think, “Was that a yawn? She thinks I’m boring!” (Stein, 2007). These negative thoughts lead to serious physical symptoms, such as shortness of breath,

Fear is a common emotion exhibited by people who stutter (PWS). The fear of negative evaluation is commonly displayed by PWS (Fjola, 1246); when this fear is significantly excessive, the PWS may meet the criteria for a clinical diagnosis of social anxiety (Brundage, Winters, & Beilby, p. 499). Social anxiety frequently causes PWS to isolate themselves from social interactions, and, when in situations, to utilize safety behaviors to prevent stuttering and reduce anxiety. Safety behaviors consequently maintain social anxiety in PWS rather than exacerbate the disorder (Lowe et al., 2017, pp. 1246-1247). More is known regarding the development of social anxiety is adults who stutter (AWS) than the information pertaining to children who stutter (CWS) and their fear of negative evaluation which results in social anxiety (Iverach, Menzies, O’Brian, Packman, & Onslow, 2011, p. 228). The difference in available information may be due to the thought that social anxiety is a short-term effect in CWS but a life-long effect in AWS (Iverach, Jones, McLellan, Lyneham, Menzies, Onslow, & Rapee, 2016, p. 15).