Social Anxiety Disorder : Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

Morris & Oosterhoff (2016) states that there is evidence that many internalizing disorders, such as emotional or behavioral disorders, are developed in the childhood or late childhood stages of development. They go on to say that the parenting styles used to raise a child and over control may be linked to a child developing an internalizing disorder. The parenting and over control will interfere with the developing a healthy process of self-efficacy and may “undermine children’s feelings” creating anxiety (Morris & Oosterhoff, 2016, p. 2).

The study of Social anxiety shows no clear causes for its variety of symptoms, but psychologists have been able to determined triggers and possible factors for its development. As psychologists continue to study social phobia, they have determined many possible causes. Since the late 1800’s and early 1900’s, psychologists have

The variables explored by Wiklander, et al. (2012) included shame proneness and suicide attempt. They further hypothesized that patients who attempted suicide would be shame-prone. This was a quantitative study that used multiple regression and Pearson r correlation as its primary method of investigating the relationship between the different variables. The participants in this research were chosen based on convenience. There were four groups included in this research. These groups were made up of Healthy Controls (n=161), Attempted Suicide Patients without Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) (N=67), Attempted Suicide Patients with BPD (n=108), and Non-Suicidal Patients (n=162). They were already participants in other studies. The Test of Self-Conscious Affect (TOSCA) was used to measure shame-proneness among the

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is ubiquitous and a proven approach to treatment for a host of diverse psychological difficulties (Wedding & Corsini, 2014). There are copious of acceptable created experiments that show to be highly useful in treating anxiety disorders through GAD Generalized Anxiety Disorder approach (Fawn & Spiegler, 2008). The purpose of this assignment is to expound on the client’s demography and demonstrating concern. The first procedure in this assignment will consist of the required informed consent and the client background information. Thus, a succinct discretion of the theoretical framework of CBT will describe the theoretic framework of CBT therapy expended in this assignment (Wedding & Corsini, 2014; Fawn & Spiegler, 2008). The next steps will adherent on how information regarding the clients past and present is problematic amalgamated to form an evaluation and to construct the client’s treatment. In the midst of assessment or the evaluation process and schema is implemented to create the sessions, examination, and provide feedback throughout each session.

The goals of this study were to examine the efficacy of ACT compared to CBT and to find the intermediating risk factors of each treatment (Craske et al., 2014). The first hypothesis was that social anxiety disorder patients who have a moderate level of cognitive misappraisals will show better improvements if they received CBT compared to ACT. In addition, researchers hypothesized that patients who received CBT also will outperform patients receiving ACT when they have a high level of avoidance. Another hypothesis they chose to examine was that with a comorbid mood disorder, social anxiety disorder patients will show better outcomes with ACT than

Social anxiety is a prevalent and common disorder amongst society. Social anxiety disorder is expressed as a fear in public and social situations for an individual (Kashdan, Farmer, Adams, Mcknight, Ferssizidis, Nezelf 2013). A person with social anxiety fears that a social appearance, outcome, or situation will lead a to negative response to their surrounding audience (Kashdan, Farmer, Adams, Mcknight, Ferssizidis, Nezelf 2013). However there are numerous treatments for social anxiety. Cognitive behavioral therapy is one of the most efficacious treatments that a patient may receive (Hambrick, Weeks, Harb, & Heimberg, 2003. Cognitive behavioral therapy has numerous techniques that can be used on patients. The result of using cognitive

A study by Heeren, et al. (2012) focused on attention training and the changes in levels of anxiety caused by social phobias. The study was focused on answering two research questions; the first question was if attention training reduces measures of anxiety in people with social phobia, and secondly, they wanted to know if attention in any direction would reduce anxiety levels relative to a control condition. The participants of the study were 60 Caucasians who had the diagnosis of Generalized Social Phobia who attended the Université catholique de Louvain community, and they also had no issues with substance abuse, heart or repertory problems, no use of psychotropic medications, were not in any form of psychological treatment, and had normal or

Many changes happen in the body when a person becomes anxious. One of the first changes is that the individual experiences an increased breathing rate. Breathing rapidly throws off the balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the body thereby, triggering additional physical anxiety symptoms such as dizziness, a feeling of suffocation, increased heart rate, and muscle tension. Learning to slow down breathing can help bring physical symptoms of anxiety back under control. In addition to

“A growing body of research has explored the relationship between traumatic events and subsequent cognitions. For instance, survivors sometimes exhibit self-blaming thoughts and guilt about actions that they did or did not engage in during a traumatic incident” (Resick, Rabalais, Sobel, 2009). The impact of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) has left me at times on an emotional rollercoaster ride of distress. PTSD has caused me to have irrational thoughts and guilt of life itself. In the early stages of my diagnosis of PTSD, I felt ashamed of what happened to me. I pushed people away especially, the ones that I loved and who loved me. I found myself becoming secluded from the world around me and the people in my life. PTSD can bring on many transitions of disorders if left untreated. According to Dr. Mathew Tull, a PTSD specialist has stated that “PTSD and social anxiety disorder (SAD) commonly co-occur” (Tull, 2016). I emotionally withdrew and became extremely anxious to be around people for the fear they would not understand me or judge me. I would also fear to have a panic attack in a situation I could not control my emotions. “You may also experience fear of appearing anxious or acting in a way that will bring about embarrassment or humiliation. Moreover, your upcoming contact with a feared situation almost always causes anxiety, maybe even in the form of a panic attack “(Tull, 2016).

For my primary diagnosis, I have chosen Social Anxiety Disorder 300.23 (F40.10) with a Z code of Social Exclusion or Rejection V62.4 (Z60.4). I have chosen the Z code of Social Exclusion or Rejection because of the case study symptomatology and certain aspects of details of Nadine’s case. Nadine is afraid of being humiliated and is afraid of going to public places, based off of the strong evidence of her past experiences of being bullied at school. Another possible Z code could be Parent -Child Relational Problem V61.20 (Z62.820) given the criteria of feelings of estrangement and hostility expressed by Nadine toward her mother. She expresses that she does not want to “be anything like her mother”(quoted from case study).

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5, American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013), describes social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a disorder that is expressed by a constant fear of receiving negative evaluation by others within a social situation. A social situation is one that can be defined as a scenario where the individual believes there is an audience present (Heimberg, Brozovich, & Rapee, 2014) and is often the beginning of the disorder. Many years of research have been undergone to establish models that describe the etiology of SAD, however, the Cognitive Behavioural Model is the most well known and most referred to. As this model is extensive, this essay will not have the capacity to encompass all aspect of

Social anxiety disorder is a serious problem; it can be chronic and disabling with personal and financial repercussions that entail consequences in both social and work related situations. Clients who are suffering from the disorder often have an inaccurate and distorted way they interpret and think about themselves and the world. Cognitive and Behavioral therapies are usually treatments that consist of 6-20 sessions that focus on teaching the client specific goal-oriented approaches resolving distorted and illogical thinking processes that affect feelings. Cognitive restructuring helps the client: Distinguish between thoughts and feelings. Evaluated whether automatic thoughts and assumptions are accurate. Become aware how thoughts can influence emotions and the way the client feels. Develop skills to interrupt, and correct distorted thoughts independently (Beck, 2011, p.

E2. There were many challenges I undertook when researching. One was when I was undertaking surveys. I decided to email psychologists and therapists and survey them about what they have discovered when talking to social anxiety victims, I had discovered that there were in fact many professional and relevant therapists on the internet and

Social Phobia, also called social anxiety disorder (SAD), is one of the most common, but misconstrued mental health problems in society. According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America (ADAA), over 15 million adults suffer from the disorder. First appearing in the DSM-III as Social Phobia, and later in the DSM-IV as Social Anxiety Disorder, this newly established disorder denotes afflicting stress and anxiety associated with social situations (Zakri 677). According to James W. Jefferson, two forms of Social phobia exist: specific and generalized. Specific social phobia indicates anxiety limited to few performance situations, while generalized indicates anxiety in all social situations (Jefferson). Many people often interchangeably link this disorder to shyness––a personality trait. However, although they have striking similarities, the two are divergent. To begin with, SAD has an extensive etiology ranging from multiple factors. Furthermore, symptoms of various aspects accompany SAD. Moreover, SAD has detrimental impacts affecting quality of life. Lastly, SAD has numerous methods of treatment. Social Phobia is prevalent in both women and men beginning at the onset of puberty (ADAA).

Among all anxiety problems, social anxiety disorder is most common anxiety issue and third most common problem in all mental complications (American Psychiatric Association, 2000; Hofmann & Bogels, 2006). SAD is a mental disorder which has a tendency to become chronic and badly disturbs normal functions of life if not diagnosed and treated in time (Beesdo-Baum, et al., 2012; Garcia-Lopez, Piqueras, Diaz-Castela, & Ingles, 2008). It is also among the most prevailing mental disorders and is described in Criterion A of DSM-V as “Marked fear or anxiety about one or more social situations in which the individual is exposed to possible scrutiny by others. Examples include social interactions (e.g., having a conversation, meeting unfamiliar people), being observed (e.g., eating or drinking), and performing in front of others (e.g., giving a speech)” (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). A specific amount of anxiety is always anticipated socially and helps an individual managing future threats (American Psychiatric Association, 2000). But having social anxiety means that anxiety is too much for normal functioning during social situations and often interferes with