Social Constructionism And Cultural Analysis

Autism is a developmental disorder, which is characterized by a dyad of difficulties in a) communication and social interaction and b) restricted interests and imagination (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Individuals on the Autism Spectrum might find it challenging to understand what other people think or what the reasons for their behaviours are, as their ‘theory of mind’ may not be well developed (Schuwerk, Vuori & Sodian, 2015). It is possible that this is why they might behave in socially inappropriate ways, being unable to differentiate between different contexts, while they might also find it difficult to make friends. Moreover, it is likely that they are fond of routines, repetition and structure (Carnahan, Musti-Rao, & Bailey, 2009), as they might be nervous with unknown, new situations. In addition, some of them might not do eye contact with other people, whereas some others might not endure to be touched and might have a difficulty developing speech (Jordan, 2005). Individuals on the Autism Spectrum might sometimes be prohibited to initiate conversations and might struggle with finding different ways to play and behave, due to the possible deficit of imagination, which in some cases might result in them having a narrow sphere of interests. Nevertheless, it should be noted that this group of people is rather heterogeneous, as characteristics of autism may differ from one individual to another (Gwynette, 2013). Another point is that people with Autism

The field of child counseling has been enriched through the integration of play therapy within different therapeutic approaches, as this method allows children to express thoughts and feelings that they might not be able to convey any other way due to their limited vocabulary (Henderson & Thompson, 2016). Over the past eight years, MacGill (2017) has built both her private practice, as well as functioned as a school counselor for students with special needs, MacGill demonstrates each day the many ways that play therapy can be integrated with several different therapeutic approaches as a method of building rapport and gaining a better understanding of each child’s mental health needs. MacGill is a Licensed Clinical

Autism is a spectrum disorder with a wide range of symptoms and degrees of impairment. A person with autism lives for the most part in an isolated world unaware of the impact their behavior has on the immediate environment. Even though some may be high functioning, the majority (around 70-75%) has some amount of associated learning disabilities and about 50% score below 50 on the IQ scale. When there are profound cognitive impairments, adequate speech development is not likely, and additionally the incidence of aberrant behavior increases (Howlin, 1996). Aberrant behaviors are behavioral excesses that interfere with interaction opportunities within an individual’s environment (Matson, et al., 1996). Another high impacting area of deficiency is socialization skills. This area includes decreased responding to verbal initiations of others, inappropriate affect or facial expression during communicative interactions, eye contact and preservation on the same topic even when cues are given by the partner for a topic shift (Koegel, & Frea, 1993). Social skill impairment has some relation to the language impairment. Expressive and receptive language difficulties occur in a high percentage of autistic individuals. Difficulties in expressing thoughts and ideas can lead to outbursts of anxiety, aggression, and self-injurious behavior in those with low ability and therefore it is often incorporated into treatment approaches for

The macrosystem is describing the cultural world along with ethnicity and the economic status. (Hutchison, 2016) Considering how I had a very wide range of diverse friends it helped me to develop and grow within my macrosystem. In my opinion, I feel that my macrosystem really needed to have a diverse background seeing as how when in the social work field, I will be working with all types of people, from different religious views and cultural background. I also feel the social constructionist perspective can go along with this system as well. According to Hutchison, social constructionist perspective helps see human understanding as the product and the driving force of social interaction. (Hutchison, 2016) During my junior leading up to my graduation

In conclusion, it is important to adopt both a constructivist stance and a sociological imagination to better understand the abortion laws as a social problem from the Pro-Life perspective. Adopting the constructivist stance allows you to avoid getting side tracked from the specifics of the issues within the abortion laws itself but rather, the process of their development and why they have been deemed a social problem by the Pro-Life movement. Understanding the process of the abortion laws transforming into a social problem equips individuals with the proper tools to ask critical thinking questions about not how the abortion law came about but why and why it evokes a particularly negative response from the Pro-Life movement. Using sociological

According to a leading expert in Play Therapy, Landreth (2014) believes firmly that the focus of therapy needs to be on the child not on the client, and children are the best teachers for the

A field that has seen rapid growth in the last few decades is child therapy. Unlike adult therapy which can be as simple as a conversation between peers, child therapy presents a variety of new barriers. One barrier faced by child therapists is understanding behaviors that come from individuals on a different developmental level than themselves. Techniques and conversations that can be readily applied to adults by therapists are lost on children. Additionally with disorders that effect communication and connection, all attempts previously used would be null and void. Unfortunately, the individuals who would benefit from therapy the most are the ones who present these barriers. In an effort to make up for these deficits, play therapy was introduced as a way to transcend language barriers and aid the child in becoming self-aware on their own.

When we are born our mind is a blank chalkboard. As we grow and interact with the world around us, that chalkboard gets filled with pictures, shapes, and words that construct our ideals in life. It is important that not only we, but our children be surrounded by open minded positivity. In the article that I will analyze we can clearly see where the picture for a better tomorrow goes rye.

One in every hundred people has autism. This means that a big percentage of people in the world have autism. Autism is a disorder that causes social impairment, difficulty in communication, and difficulty taking an interest in activities, I will be researching how these and other aspects affect an autistic person’s life. Being autistic makes it very difficult to socialize and it makes it hard to be socially accepted especially when someone is told they’re different. When someone is told they’re different, they actually start treating themselves differently and pulling themselves away from society and start believing that no one will ever want to be around them because they’re a little different.

In this study, the researchers were comparing two groups of children with high- functioning autism that received interventions. The treatment group participated in an intervention that was a modification of another treatment designed to improve social skills but had been adapted for children with high functioning autism. The control group received the original treatment. The researchers believed that the group receiving treatment with the adapted program would have a better grasp of taught skills than did the control group. As was hypothesized the results indicated that the children in the treatment group (and their families) had better outcomes than the control group. (Derosier, Swick, Davis, Mcmillen & Matthews, 2011)

Based on what is discussed in the learning materials, define and discuss at least five key presuppositions of social constructionism. How do these presuppositions apply to marriage and family therapy?

Therapeutic play, (including play therapy) , is a well established discipline predicated upon a number of psychological theories. Research, both qualitative and quantitative shows that it is highly efficacious in many cases. Recent research by PTUK, an organisation affiliated to PTI, suggests that 71% of the children referred to play therapy will show a positive change. A safe, confidential and caring environment is engendered which sanctions the child to play with as few limits as possible but as many as indispensable (for physical and emotional safety). This sanctions rejuvenating to occur on many calibers following our natural inner trend towards health. Play and ingeniousness operate on impulses from outside our cognizance - the insensate.

Kanner (1943) defines autistic children as children who exhibit a) serious failure to develop relationships with other people before 30 months of age, b) problems in development of normal language, c) ritualistic and obsessional behavior and, d) potential for normal intelligence. At present, the most promising treatment for autistic persons is behavior modification as derived from modern learning theory (De-Myer et at., 1981). Studies suggesting that autistic people improves their behavior when they were exposed to one form of behavior intervention at early ages.

The social constructionist perspective suggest that our interactions in society shape our interpretation of self-worth. The textbook states “To understand human behavior, the social perspective focuses on how people construct meaning, a sense of self, and a social world through their interactions with each other”. Instead of one objective reality this perspective observes several subjective realities. Some social constructionists focus on the human capacity to have a conversation with oneself to find awareness of themselves. This is known as the looking-glass self, which can be explained as “I am what I think you think I am.”

I feel that the social constructionist concept is valuable, and it’s important to remember the danger in not recognizing the fault of systems in place that shape our views. I like the thought (“…the world is not simply reflected back to us through systems of representation”), but I feel not everyone has access to create or critique systems that help us interpret media (“… we actually construct the meaning of the material world through these systems.”(page 13))