Social Cues, Ghosts, And The Societal Binding Of Love

During the Victorian era, many literary pieces of work were based around the topics of struggle and societal problems. These topics are introduced in Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte as well as many other literary pieces during the time. In Jane Eyre, the main character is Jane Eyre, a girl who struggles with family and her social status. She was raised by Mrs. Reed, whom she eventually left, and encountered many paternal figures in her life. The way she consistently encounters different paternal figures influences her own views on affection. Jane’s consistent finding of a paternal figure, shows how consciously or subconsciously she is finding someone to fill the void of not having that higher figure in her life.

Criticisms of relationships have been addressed in novels throughout our time, but they are central theme in Jane Eyre by Charlotte Brontë. Specifically, readers can see criticisms of relationships built on passionate love. Example of this are seen through Rochester

Through a close reading of the selected passage of Charlotte Brontë’s Jane Eyre: An Autobiography, a reader can see that Jane attempts to separate herself from her decisions by personifying her emotions and giving them a specific voice, which strongly reflects the societal views of the time. At this point in the story, Jane has discovered, on her wedding day, that Mr. Rochester is still married to a woman named Bertha, and that woman still lives in his house. Distraught, Jane locks herself in her room and tries to decide what she should do. When she wakes up the next day, she is again confronted with what she needs to do in the wake of her discovery.

Throughout the Victorian Age, male dominance deprived women from freedom of choice. In Charlotte Brontë’s novel, Jane Eyre, Jane Eyre repeatedly struggles to become an independent young lady due to the troublesome men in the story. There are several male characters who control, humiliate, and abuse their power over Jane. The author manages to depict patriarchal dominance through the characterization of John Reed, Mr. Brocklehurst, and Mr. Rochester.

In Charlotte Bronte’s’ “Jane Eyre”, Rochester uses disguise and duplicity to achieve his desire of marrying Jane. By doing so; he defies state law and divine will. Consequently, Rochester suffers physically, emotionally, and financially.

Ultimately, the relationship of Jane Eyre and Edward Rochester consists of each on being the guiding light, or literal sight, for the other. Rochester becomes the happiness in Jane’s life and depends on her to lead him by the hand through his darkness, or actual blindness. Their love together is the bright light in their relationship that will face constant scorn and derision for its age gap, partial disability, and station

Increasing her desire, Rochester respects Jane as an equal; generating the image of a benevolent deity, a substitute for God. “My future husband was becoming to me my whole world; and more than the world: almost my hope of heaven” (316). Highlighting Jane’s thirst for unending love, this demonstrates her desperation as a result of her abusive childhood. Internally struggling with the battling battalions of love and affection between Rochester and God, Jane essentially selects Rochester and rewards him with the title of Augustus. Comparing Edward to heaven exhibits Jane’s decision to receive temporary affection that crumbles more effortlessly than stale bread. Moreover, suddenly shaking Jane’s finite, fragile, and inconsistent foundation of love, she realizes her mistake in ascending Rochester above religion. “Not a human being I loved; and him who thus loved me I absolutely worshipped: and I must renounce love and idol”

In the critical essay, “Almost my hope of heaven’: idolatry and messianic symbolism in Charlotte Bronte's Jane Eyre,” Joshua analyzes the theme of idolatry and messianic symbolism in Jane Eyre. Joshua believes that Jane Eyre is a novel that revolves wholly on religion. He argues that, “one of the novel's purpose...is to show that human relationships are successful only if the partners in the relationship avoid the dangers of idolizing each other” (Joshua). I strongly agree with his opinion. One main reason Jane denies Rochester’s proposal is because she does not want to be inferior to him. When Rochester and Jane argue over whether or not Jane is going to let him order her around she says “‘I like to serve you, sir, and to obey you in all that is right’” (Bronte 250). From the beginning, Jane sees Rochester as a sort of messiah. Due to this, she refuses to marry him for she believes they will never truly be equals. However, as the novel progresses, Jane goes through internal developments that enable her to realize that her and Rochester can be equals. She realizes her self-worth and finds a balance between her principles and feelings. In one of the final passages of the novel, Jane says that her and Rochester have been married for ten years and she is “[her] husband’s life as fully as he is [hers]” (Bronte PAGE NUMBER). Here, we can see the Jane and Rochester are equals. This supports Joshua’s claim, for their relationship is only successful because of their equality. Rochester is no longer Janes “master” and she still remains her own-self.

Power dynamics in Brontë’s Jane Eyre have been examined in a multitude of ways, including the centralisation of slaves and masters (Zonana), and Dupras’ reading of the importance of economic status and depravity. However, this critical response will focus on how the ultimate form of power, and therefore the formation of power dynamics, stems from Jane’s position as an unreliable, biased narrator. The extract from chapter twenty-seven, wherein Rochester tells Jane about Bertha’s voyage and confinement to Thornfield, ultimately displays how Jane as the narrator challenges the influence of masculinity, and how power structures are superimposed by female narrative voice. Similarly, how Jane’s voice furthers power imbalances between her and Bertha, as well as how she holds power over the reader’s impressions of these characters.

Jane Eyre, one of Charlotte Brontë’s most renowned pieces of work, secures a relentless connection between the reader and novel even in its most quiescent moments. The convoluted, but compelling relationship between the young Jane and tortured Rochester is utterly enticing, and leaves it’s observers breathless at the poetic phrases exchanged between the two. Inside the inner workings of this gothic love story the reader is exposed to constant acts of familial, and romantic betrayal that transform the emotional condition of the novel and the perspectives of Jane. After the death of Jane’s charitable uncle, she fell victim to her Aunt and cousins endless acts of vicious cruelty.

Jane Eyre Through the Feminist Lens The theme of male dominance permeates Jane Eyre, reflecting the impact of patriarchal Victorian society. Chris Lewis’ “Separate Spheres and Women’s Status in 19th Century England” analyzes Charlotte Brontë’s Jane Eyre through the feminist lens of literary criticism. This lens involves examining problems created by a male-dominated society and how the effects of gender roles have changed over time. Revealing conditions of women in Victorian England, Lewis’ article accurately analyzes women’s dependence on men, gender expectations, and double standards on morality as causes of problems seen in Jane Eyre, thus providing apt criticism of patriarchal society.

Furthermore, Jane says “I care for myself. The more solitary, the more friendless, the more unsustained I am, the more I will respect myself” (Chapter 27, Bronte.) This statement greatly represents the growth that Jane has undergone. She no longer dreads the solitude that once haunted her because she respects herself enough to realize that she did not deserve to experience such great dismay. Through independence and self-recognition, Jane has discovered the importance of loving oneself. Without the reliance on the thoughts of others, the once extremely troubled girl found bliss through a lack of outside control. In regards to her relationship with Mr. Rochester, Jane understands that she must leave him behind to maintain her own well-being. She does not allow the wealth or proclaimed love from Rochester to skew her decisions and she does not linger to dominate the life of her lover. Instead, she moves forward to continue her endless pursuit of happiness and independence.

Parallel to many of the great feministic novels throughout literary history, Jane Eyre is a story about the quest for authentic love. However, Jane Eyre is unique and separate from other romantic pieces, in that it is also about a woman searching for a sense of self-worth through achieving a degree of independence. Orphaned and dismissed at an early age, Jane was born into a modest lifestyle that was characterized by a form of oppressive servitude of which she had no autonomy. She was busy spending much of her adolescent years locked in chains, both imaginary and real, as well as catering to the needs of her peers. Jane was never being able to enjoy the pleasures and joys that an ordinary and independent child values. Jane struggles

Through the Victorian Age, male dominance deprived women from a certain freedom. In Charlotte Brontë’s novel, Jane Eyre, Jane Eyre repeatedly struggles to become an independent young lady due to the troublesome men in the story. John Reed controls Jane, Mr. Brocklehurst humiliates Jane, and Mr. Rochester sees women, in general, as objects. The author manages to depict patriarchal dominance through the characterization of John Reed, Mr. Brocklehurst, and Mr. Rochester.

In Graham’s Magazine, another anonymous reviewer suggested that Rochester’s character was dangerous and immoral, saying, “No woman who had ever truly loved could have mistaken so completely the Rochester type, or could have made her heroine love a man of proud, selfish, ungovernable appetites, which no sophistry can lift out of lust.” Thus, he intimated that any author who would contrive to have her heroine fall in love with such a total rake would be immoral herself and unknowing of what true love is. He went one step further to say, “We accordingly think that if the innocent young ladies of our land lay a premium on profligacy, by marrying dissolute rakes for the honor of reforming them, à la Jane Eyre, their benevolence will be of questionable utility to the world.” In this, he suggested that the depiction of Jane and Rochester’s relationship would cause young women of the time to emulate Jane’s “romantic wickedness.”