Social Determinants Of Health And Health

The overall health of the population can be due impart to the living conditions in which they experience, rather than traditional risk factors of health we first think of. The umbrella term social determinants of health (SDH) can be defined as: the conditions in which people are born, grow, work, live, and age, and the wider set of forces and systems shaping the conditions of daily life.

The determinants of health are economic and social conditions that affect people’s health status. These influence the living and working conditions that impacts people’s everyday living condition. Factors such as the place and the environment we live in, genetics, educational level or work status and income, as well as friends and family are some of the aspects that affects our health condition. On the other hand, the people that have an access to good health care and have financial stability are less susceptible and are often less affected. (NANB, 2009)

The social determinants of health are the circumstances that impact and surround people, since are born, grow, work, live, and age, education, income, race and gender, and the broader set of powers and systems that shaping the circumstances of daily life. It is important because it impacts all aspect of daily life of people, and it caused direct and indirect health problems.

Social determinants of health encompasses ethnicity, gender and social class. It is seen as the essential

Social determinants are regarded as the life you were born in i.e. your ethnicity, age ,gender etc. this also links to the determinant factors i.e. environment, economic, social status and lifestyle (REFERENCE) Social determinant of health strongly impact on the health outcome of individuals Many health researchers regard social position as the fundamental cause of health (REFERENCE). Social determinant can influence the care and support each individual received in order to manage their diabetes. Living in a deprived area where there is no availability of community based resources, ‘men and women of working age in the most deprived population groups are twice as likely to die prematurely as those who are relatively affluent;’(Inequality in Health and Social care use 2003) therefore you have to access healthcare services outside the area, this can stop individuals from seeking treatment as they might not have bus fare or access to a private car.(Reference).The impact of austerity cuts also impact on individuals of the

emphasis was on relationships to family, group and country rather than the development of an

The World Health Organization defines, "Social determinants of health (SDoH) are the conditions in which people are born, grow, work, live, and age, and the wider set of forces and systems

“Failure to acknowledge, and more importantly, to understand the role of Social determinants of Health (SDH) in health and access to health and social services will hamper any effort to improve the health of the population.” (Ompad, Galea, Caiaffa, & Vlahov, 2007). Unemployment, unsafe work environments, globalization and the inability to access health systems are some social determinants of health. Social factors would be considered place of residence, race and ethnicity, gender, and socioeconomic status are also part of social determinants of health. According to “Social Determinants of the Health of Urban Populations: Methodologic Considerations’ Place of residence and an individual’s status within the place are important determinants of health in urban settings. It is important to recognize that the place of residence is

Education level, employment, income, family and social support, and community safety are all part of the social and environmental determinants in healthcare (Senterfitt JW et al., 2013). Public health has concentrated on improving clean water supplies, healthier housing, sanitation, workplace safety, safe food, and access to medical care to increase life expectancy (Senterfitt JW et al., 2013). Social and economic factors are not only the largest single predictor or driver of health outcomes, but also strongly influence health behaviors, the second greatest contributor to health and longevity(Senterfitt JW et al., 2013). In the lower social and economic population, unhealthy behaviors are more likely to

Health prevention has become more of a focus since the passage of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) and many different organizations have become involved in the pursuit of healthier lifestyles. Ethnic communities have become involved in supporting a healthier lifestyle because of the disparities that minorities have experienced with healthcare up until this point. Research has shown that minorities experience higher rates of preventable hospital stays, longer stays within healthcare facilities, and experience more medical errors with serious health consequences (Betancourt, 2014). Communities are focusing on social determinants or conditions within the environment that an individual live in to better all aspects of a healthy lifestyle (Healthy People.gov, 2016). One community based initiative that focuses on social determinants to improve health is Healthy People 2020.

The social determinants of health and wellbeing refers to the conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work and age, that are influenced in our everyday life, starting from our homes, schools,

 Social Determinants of Health, (January 2014), Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved from

The range of personal, social, economic, and environmental factors that influence health status are known as determinants of health. Social determinants of health reflect the social factors and physical conditions of the environment in which people are born, live, learn, play, work, and age. According to Florida Public Health, Heart disease was the second leading cause of death in 2012, accounting for41, 643 deaths. The heart disease age-adjusted death rate per 100,000 populations decreased between 1990 and 2012 from 286.5 to 155.3. Heart disease was the leading cause of death among individuals 85 years or older, accounting for 30.0percent of deaths in this age group.

An array of factors like personal, social, economic, and environment issues influence and determines the health of individual and population, acting in various combination (Knickman & Kovner, 2015). These determinants of health, known as population health determinants generally include genetics, access to health care, individual behavior, social determinant, physical environment (Knickman & Kovner, 2015).

Several social determinants have been associated with suboptimal health and they include risk health behaviours such as alcohol consumption or a lack of physical activity, life course event such as divorce or financial problems, material resources such as acess to health care, psychosocial resources and stress-related factors such as social support (Balaj et al., 2017, p. 90). These social determinants can affect the behaviours and attitudes towards health in general and form risk factors resulting in certain health outcomes. For example, according to ….., health damaging behaviours such as smoking, excessive (heavy) alcohol consumption, poor diet and physical inactivity have been associated with an increased risk of disability and death (in older