Social Determinants Of Sleep

Sleep is often over looked as an intervention for ME, but through the improvement of environment, medication, life style changes and self-help strategies, sleep can be improved to help provide symptom relief and increase an individuals energy envelope. (ANZMES, n.d.c; Pemberton & Berry, 2009; Wright,

Sleep deprivation is prevalent in industrialized societies and has been linked to serious health issues and traffic accidents. This essay views sleep and sleep deprivation from five different motivational perspectives in order to gain a holistic understanding of the phenomena. From evolutionary, psychodynamic, behaviourist, cognitive, and hierarchy of needs perspectives, it is inferred that the cognitive and behaviourist perspectives uphold the most merit for gaining understanding into sleep and sleep deprivation. However, it is

According to the study, athletes are recommended to get 10 hours of sleep a night for faster reaction times and peak athletic performances. If student athletes do not get at least the normal recommended 9 hours of sleep, they are more than likely to make a risky decision that could lead to an injury (Early School Start Time/Athletic Performance, 2013). The researchers asked the player to maintain their normal nighttime schedule which is six to nine hours for two to four weeks and then aim to sleep 10 hours each night for the next five to seven weeks. During this study, players abstained from drinking coffee and alcohol and they were asked to take daytime naps when travel prohibited them from reaching the 10 hours if nighttime sleep. At the end of

Sleep is “a normal state of decreased consciousness and lowered metabolism during which the body rests”; a deprivation of this restoration can result in various health issues ("Sleep and Sleep Disorders”). During sleep, the body restores damaged cells and re-energizes the body. However, this restoration takes multiple hours to fully complete. Although many people can function without proper amounts of sleep, the average adult needs five to six hours of sleep a night to fully recuperate from the previous day’s toll on the body. Surpassing seventeen hours of being awake can be as dangerous as intoxication (Improving Sleep).

Sleep is a beneficial necessity both from a scientific and psychological standpoint as sleep improves mental and physical health. Sleep plays an essential role in our growth and development as human beings. During sleep, our brains are growing and preparing for the day ahead so that we may be productive and attentive in every daily task (“Sleep”). Sleep is used by some as a way to escape the harsh reality of life, healing genuine sadness and terminating evocative pain. Without the recommended minimum of eight hours of sleep each night, people can get agitated, distracted easily, acquire health problems, make bad decisions, and feel sad and depressed (Borbely).

Sleep is the most important part of a student-athlete’s life. “Getting your zzz’s may be just as important as fitting in training sessions”(“Find out Why Snoozing”). The fact that sleep is just as important as sports, or maybe even more important really tells something. In order for a person to live a healthy lifestyle, they first need to start out by getting a good night’s sleep. People that receive less than six hours of sleep are in risk of disease, as well as other medical issues. Also a lack of sleep can increase stress levels, which can drive people into depression. “Researchers have also found that newly learned information and skills are reinforced by a good night’s sleep --- meaning that children are becoming better at their soccer footwork, their piano playing, or

We all know that loss in sleep can lead to negative effects such as fall in mood and mental performance. Its can also affect our normal physiology. The worst is chronically losing sleep because this can be associated with cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and even cancer. Basketball players athletic performance were compared. Those who slept 10 hours every night vs. those who slept 6 to 9 hours showed a faster sprint time, better shooting accuracy, decreased reaction time, and better mood. Other improvements include a higher level of brain activation.

In the article, “Teachers, Students, and Sleep,” Dave Stuart addresses the importance of sleep. As a teacher, Stuart strives to motivate his students. The core of his article is this: “If my students sleep better, I bet they’ll self-motivate better.” Stuart’s article is organized in the following way: an introduction, seven powerful facts about sleep, ten ways on how to get “better sleep,” and a conclusion. Throughout the article Stuart cites Maria Konnikova and Shawn Stevenson, authors of books that focus on sleep. Avoiding substances before bed, sleep consistency, regular eating and sleeping schedules, and frequent exercise all are ways to get better sleep. Some facts Stuart configured together about sleep were the importance of sleep

Weaver from Oklahoma State University. According to the authors “the purpose of the present study was to determine if sleep deprivation and/or poor sleep quality in a sample of non-depressed university students was associated with lower academic performance” (Gilbert, Cameron. 295). The study was also made to determine the relationship between sleep deprivation, sleep quality, and academic performance (Gilbert, Cameron. 298). It was hypothesized that by the end of the study, participants who had higher levels of sleep deprivation and poorer sleep quality would have lower academic performance (as indicated by grade point average [GPA] and course incompletions—drops, withdrawals, and incompletes) than participants with little sleep deprivation and good sleep quality (Gilbert, Cameron. 298). By the end of the study, the authors discussed the results in the following narration:

Research indicates that America’s sleep problems have increased and might be the number one health problem. The average amount of sleep that people get per night can range anywhere from three to twelve hours. According to Dr. David Dinges at the University of Pennsylvania, it is a fact that people who get fewer than six hours of sleep a night do not live as long as people who get seven hours or more. Most people do not realize the importance of sleep or even realize that it is needed to survive. Many people experience sleep deprivation; however it is commonly seen in college students. Irregular sleeping patterns tend to occur in students, which can later lead to long-term effects.

What do the effects of sleep deprivation have on people? When a person does not get enough sleep, he or she is depriving his or her body of something that it needs. A delightful sleep is one of the most satisfying human experiences with a role to play in supporting a good mood and cognitive acuity as well as in promoting physiologic balance and resilience (Chittora, Jain and Suhalka). People think because they get an insufficient number of hours of sleep, they will not have an emotional impact by it. Sleep is a required need for peoples’ day to day life to be able to perform and stay healthy emotionally and physically. The effects of sleep deprivation are an issue because it affects mood, performance, and health.

My argument for this paper is sleep deprivation and poor nutrition affect an athlete's performance. Some of the effects of sleep deprivation could be decrease in reaction time and increase to being more prone to injuries. Poor nutrition also affects strength gained and could also could be a leading factor in injuries.

Sleep is an essential part of any person’s health, however few people seem to realize that not receiving enough sleep can double the risk of becoming obese.“The ‘epidemic’ of obesity is paralleled by a ‘silent epidemic’ of reduced sleep duration with short sleep duration linked to the increased risk of obesity both in adults and in children”(Professor Cappuio). Someone who has developed a sleeping disorder such as, sleep apnea, may not have the motivation to diet or exercise, due to daytime sleepiness. Scientists at the University of Chicago conucted a study in 1999, which restricted eleven healthy young adults to four hours of sleep for six nights. The scientist discovered that restricting individuals to this amount of sleep impaired metabolism functions and disrupted hormone levels. It was also found that the subject’s abilities to process glucose in the blood had declined, in some cases to the level of diabities. ” Not only does obesity contribute to sleep problems such as sleep apnea, but sleep problems can also contribute to obesity.”(National Sleep Foundation)

Lack of sleep has been identified as a major public health issue found to contribute to chronic conditions such as obesity, diabetes (type 2) and hypertension. As sleeping habits worsened over the years, obesity and unhealthy eating trends continued to climb. In contrast cross-sectional studies support the notion that sufficient sleep promotes “health related behaviors,” such as balanced diet and regular exercise. Concerning college students suffering from severe lack of sleep, it was found many had irregular eating habits, trouble with portion control, poor food choices, and low “eating competence.” The purpose of the research study was to identify the relationship between eating competence, standard of sleep and sleep patterns (Quick et al., 2015)

Sleep is one of the few necessities that are needed for humans to function and overall survive. People, generally adults, fail to realize the need for sleep when they are constantly working around the clock. This sort of deficiency leads to a common sleep disorder called sleep deprivation. Sleep deprivation can affect teens and working adults but is seen predominately among college students. College students are succumbed to dedicating long hours to school, which makes their sleeping schedule awry. The article “Sleep Quality and Academic Performance in University Student...”goes into depth about the consequences of sleep deprivation. The article explains the consequences through a hypothesis, the process and the results.