Social Movement in Manipur

Women have been active since the beginning of the early 1800’s and struggle until today’s day, to fight for equality. There were two women movement waves. The first wave was focused on the equality of the women by working on voting rights. The second wave from 1963 to 1982 concentrated on social issues. As in “Collective Action for Social Change”, Aaron Schutz and Marie Sandy stated in their book “women were tired of being second class citizens”. The civil rights movement spillover inspired women to create social movements by acting and building organizations focused on the issues that affected the women. The social issues were child care, domestic violence, contraception, and women’s health. One of the major topics that the feminists focused on was domestic violence that still exists in today’s day worldwide.

Anna Hazare is another example of an influential figure in India who has adapted Gandhi`s practice and initiated hunger strike movement in India last year to pressure the government to introduce a stringent Anti-Corruption Bill whereby corruption is deemed as the major problem in current India. The Bill was passed due to pressure initiated by the civil disobedience act which was public and essentially non-violent and received international level of support primarily from Indian and non-Indian citizens within the country and in overseas.14 India as the world largest democracy serves as the testament whereby such civil disobedience act ,provided that it is done in certain measures bear

Activism has fought for gender equality in America. The woman suffrage movement gave the opportunity of gender equality in America. It began in the 1850s but was lost focused of until after the Civil War ended. The movement was formed by women activist and some men too. The movement’s goal was to gain equality of gender, that women would be able to vote, gain the same responsibilities that came with citizenship and end woman suffrage. The movement included parades, speeches, protests. Many people disagreed that women should have rights to vote and be a full citizen so there were many arguments. The Women’s Movement accomplish to win the right to vote as a women. FRom the movement, new women cafe, newspapers, and bookstores were opened. Not only that but, clinics and refuge for women and help for those in the presence of domestic violence and sexual abuse.

Through, the years Domestic abuse and police arrests has impacted society because the police officers failed to provide equal protection towards women who are victims towards sexual abuse. Therefore, the policy reform was established to reduce crimes and political power. However, violent crimes have been categorized with higher rates of proscution.Women were not provided with equal protection against domestic abuse and increased the rate of victims who are incarcerated. Women who encountered domestic violence have been arrested for self-defense. Victims of domestic abuse have been physically forced and violently assault in order to take advantage of them and form authority over them. In order to understand the social world we need to include women experiences towards domestic violence and mandatory arrest in order to reduce crimes and prevent victims from being incarcerated.

Moreover, women were looking forward towards attaining some favors equally with men, such as employment opportunities and high education, which were identified as not possible because of the way woman’s place is taken to be lower than that of a man. It is widely realized that majority of the movements were challenging to how the society should handle women and demonstration of drastic and new idea the moment women acquired equality rights (Anyon, 2014). The women’s rights though fighting against the mistreatment of women by men were aimed at allowing women opportunities to have a say at their homes and yet women were meant to be ruled over by the society’s men. The society leadership would change because of the provision of chances for women to take leadership the same way with

Women have historically had a rocky relationship with governmental, cultural, religious, and social rights. The Women’s Rights movement has been in effect since approximately 1792, with the publication of the first feminist work, “A Vindication of the Rights of Woman, by British writer Mary Wollstonecraft” (“Women’s Rights Movement”). While social changes have occurred and more progressive laws have been put into place throughout the years, there is still not equality between the sexes. Additionally, gender roles in different countries differ greatly. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the major causes and concerns of the Women’s Rights movements throughout the decades, as well as denote the differences between more progressive societies and their less accepting counterparts.

Violence against women has been ever-present throughout time and place in our world and in recorded history. Although violence against women encompasses a whole range of related acts, rape and sexual assault perpetrated against women is the focus of this paper. Men and boys are also victims of sexual assault, but the numbers of women who are sexual assaulted are much higher. We will be examining the definition of rape, the effects of rape, issues associated with rape, theories about the cause of rape and engage in some speculation on what can be done to improve the safety of women.

Throughout history women’s rights have been a conflict in society because of the many unfair advantages given to men and not women. Social injustice is shown through women’s rights by their voting rights, employment, and healthcare. Due to these dilemmas women all over the world have gathered together to create a group enforcing women’s rights. For example, in the book, The American Women’s Movement it talks about the group known as “The National Organization for Women (NOW)” (MacLean 71). It became one of the largest, most membered feminist organization in the country. The organization branched out to different sized region cities.

Women rights has been a major ongoing minority concern to many within the world within the last few centuries. The struggles, concerns and overall hard work it took to get the level of respect they have been entitled to today will be later discussed. The paper will take a deeper look into what these women had to go through to give us these rights that we often take advantage of. Understanding and exploring the possibilities and suffrage from these women. This paper will examine the history of both the individuals and actions taken throughout this process.

Unfortunately, after the trip to Dandi, Gandhi was arrested as a consequence for the execution of Salt March along with the other protesters who were involved in “buying, selling, or making salt” (Gold 86). However, while being held captive, a poet and a close associate of Gandhi, Mrs. Sarojini Naidu, took an advantage of the new attention that the Satyagrahis and Gandhi had aroused by leading another protest on the Dharsana Salt Works, which caused intense physical harm to the protestors. Anne Todd asserts that as a leader of this particular protest, Naidu inspired and reminded the Satyagrahis that even though “Gandhi’s body is in jail…his soul is with you. India’s prestige is in your hands. You must not use any violence under any circumstances. You will be beaten but you must not resist; you must not even raise a hand to ward off blows” (66). As the demonstrators approached the site, they encountered the British police officers who were trying to block them and were brutally bashing these Indians with “five-foot-long steel-tipped clubs” (Todd 66). Despite the British’ effort, these satyagrahis relentlessly marched forward. Ved Mehta points out a correspondent for United Press, Webb Miller, who reports on the incident at the Dharsana Salt Works:

In this book, there is a Women’s Union, which has the best interest in helping these women within these societies. One of the most memorable examples is of a woman who talked about her ex-father in law at a meeting the Women’s Union held, and she discusses the hardship she encountered. “Her father in law had come home drunk and forced his way into the room where she was sleeping with her children. In front of her children, he has held the sharpened edge of a da to her throat and tried to pull off her sari. When she attempted to fight him off, he had gashed her arm with the machete, almost severing the thumb of her left hand. She had flung a kerosene lamp at him and his lungi had caught fire, giving him severe burns. For this she has turned out of her marital home, although her only offense was that she had tried to protect herself and her children.” (Ghosh, 76). This quote shows how the woman was punished and forced out of her own home due to protecting herself and her children. If she had not, this man had the intention to rape her. However, since it was her husband’s father, she was looked at for being in the wrong. One would think the father in law should be the one forced out of the home, due to being an obvious threat, but this is clearly not the case. Another example is how the Women Union took Kusum under their wing, attempting to protect her from

One in four girls in India does not live past puberty due to gendercide, according to The Invisible Girl Project. India is one of the countries with the highest gendercide rates. Although many are aware of the violence against females, the majority does not act against it. Those who do act against it do not succeed because it is a problem incorporated in the roots of societal beliefs. Gendercide has been occurring for centuries in India and continues as a cycle of violence against females. Mass killing of females has been proven to only hurt society. The abortion and elimination of females because of cultural discrimination in India continues the cycle of gendercide.

Social movements have been prevalent since the beginning of time. Social movements are the coming together of individuals that seek to carry out, resist, or undo social change politically and socially. Social movements can be caused by cultural drifts, social disorganization, and social injustice. These movements are a response to social change, usually regarding the inequality and unjust treatment of people. Studying these movements sparks an interest in researchers because these observations make it easy to see how social movements develop and how society can be more inclusive and equal to all individuals in society. An example of a social movement is the women 's movement of the 1960’s and 1970’s when the role of women changed drastically from being a housewife to entering the paid workforce.

In the 1970’s feminist activism gained momentum in India. One of the first national issues that brought women’s groups together was the Mathura rape case. Since alcoholism is often associated with violence against women in India a lot of women groups launched anti-liquor groups in Andhra Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Odisha, and Madhya Pradesh.

Long-standing ethnic rivalries that were suppressed during the Taliban era are being played out on women’s bodies. The Security General said “rape, including a significant incidence of gang rape and rape of women and girls from minority communities in the north, women and girls from nomadic groups, female aid workers and female members of aid worker’s families, has been a common and recurrent manifestation of the current insecurity” (womenwarpeace.org).