Social Penetration Theory

Lastly, the basic sociological basic of intimate relationships are a close, personal, and domestic relationship between partners. Intimacy is a close and personal relationship that occurs when the two partners are identified as a couple after a period of dating. Intimacy usually leads to love and changes over time, an

Whether the couples began talking in person or over instant message are the independent categorical variables while the level of intimacy is the dependent categorical variable. In addition, the participants, male or female, are independent categorical variables and the results from the concluding survey will be considered dependent categorical variables. In the end, the level of intimacy will depend on how the first few initial encounters go based off the couples’ designated situation –whether they started speaking face-to-face first or they spoke over media. With my hypothesis that the face-to-face group will find more success in obtaining higher intimacy levels, I hope to prove the social presence theory in the fact that traditional face-to-face interaction is more powerful than

Relationship is often considered private matter limited to the individuals directly involved in the development, but the contextual dialectical view concerns the "tensions between public and private and between the ideal and real". (Morgan & Olsen, 2012, p. 138) Olsen and Morgan identified this tension as external matter according to the modern day American culture. Modern day social norm considers the expression and the exposer of private matter of the relationship, largely through social media, as the proof of the relational

The bonding stage of a relationship occurs when “the parties make symbolic public gestures to show the world that their relationship exists” (Adler and

The most essential idea to see about closeness that I read In this section was one determinant if closeness which is self-exposure. Self-exposure comprises of fair, uncovering messages about the self that are deliberately coordinated towards others. Uncovering correspondence contains data that is by and large distracted by means of different sources. 2. The most essential idea to see about double dealing that I read about in this section was lying. Untruths have the possibility to incite a social emergency, particularly if the substance of the data lied about is huge. 3. The measurements of closeness are, enthusiastic, physical, scholarly, and shared exercises. The measurements of separation are, withdrawal, evasion, held, shortening connection,

What makes connections fruitful? What sort of procedure do we experience to make a personal relationship? What are a percentage of the issues we experience amid them and in what manner would it be a good idea for us to go about illuminating those issues? The inquiries above are a portion of the subjects I am going to handle in this paper. Connections can be exceptionally compensating if the great exceeds the awful. The achievement in a cozy relationship depends very upon compelling correspondence. There is not just one particular path for couples to convey, in light of the fact that every relationship is distinctive. It is critical to know great types of correspondence to enhance the quality our connections.

Similar to other several species, human beings possess an innate need to feel attached, to belong, to have a feeling of intimacy as well as to attain a sense of communion and identification with other people. Such human need evolves to act as vital adaptive endurance values that included acting and organizing in groups, courting and selecting prospective mates and sustaining family togetherness during the process of bringing up children. Within the broad context in which the human communication processes evolved, there are two fundamental functions that have emerged: affiliation and power (Wood, 2013). Every form of communication explicitly or implicitly seeks in influencing or responding to attempts to seek connection or disconnection and to influence or rather to be influencing. During such process of seeking influence, being influenced, or influencing other individuals, connection as well as disconnection with other people, communication process may become abusive. The paper provides an examination of the different ways whereby communication alters or exploits the fundamental human functioning (Wood, 2015). To be specific, the paper provides a review of the communication forms that are commonly unwanted in regular relationships while paying special attention to the processes of communication in relationships

Relationships have always been difficult for me because of the first initial one which I considered my first love. In this application paper, I will discuss Mark Knapp’s Developmental Models of Interpersonal Relationship Concept which is also known as Knapp’s Relationship Model, how my relationship went through these stages through personal examples and I will discuss faults in this concept and ways that this concept can be improved. Finally, I will add my final thoughts on this relationship, this concept along with if I think it is still used today and can anything be learned or should be learned from this concept.

piece in the overarching theme of text, implying that conversations is meant to be an interaction

I have chosen to learn about and research the Attman and Taylor’s social penetration theory.

The social penetration theory asserts that as a relationship develops it can develop a person’s communication from superficial to deeply personal topics, and it can slowly penetrate the communicators’ public persona to reach their core personality or sense of self. A person can allow others to penetrate their public self when they disclose personal information. The decision to disclose is based on the perceived rewards the person will gain if he or she will disclose. Altman and Dalmas used ideas from the social exchange theory to develop the idea of regulating closeness with rewards and cost. The rewards must out weight the cost in any relationship. Altman and Dalmas compare people to onions due to the deception of the multilayered structure of personality. The outer layer is the public layer, and we peel back the layers to the deeper, more vulnerable, and private thoughts, beliefs, and values. In order for these layers to be penetrated, one has to go through self-disclosure. Self-disclosure is voluntary sharing that leads to reciprocity; reciprocity is the openness in one person that leads to openness in others. Also, within self-disclosure is depth and breadth, the

Chapter 28 INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS Introduction and overview (p. 428) Affiliation: the need for other people (p. 428) Love and intimacy (p. 428) Relationships: definitions and varieties (p. 429) Voluntary/involuntary relationships (p. 429)

People desire success and they will do whatever is needed in order to gain that success. In general people engage in verbal and non-verbal communication with people so that they can obtain something that they desire in return. The Social Penetration Theory, The Expectancy Violations Theory and Constructivism all support this general conclusion that men and women weigh out the positive and negatives when deciding on continuing friendships through communication. People will only want to communicate with those whose incentives affect them positively and can be used to help further their successes.

Relationships can only form if individuals are exposed to each other. There are a number of ways for people to eventually encounter each other to potentially form a relationship. One such way is the sharing of routine activities, or activities that we habitually engage in. A shared routine activity of Curtis and Brenda is attending their social psychology class where they both “both noticed each other.(Sample Relationship: Curtis and Brenda)” By sharing daily routines, individuals put themselves within close proximity to each other which promotes the development of relationships due to familiarity. The more familiar we are with someone, the more likely we are to like them.

Earlier research finding have reported that interpersonal distances are influenced by dominance, attraction, age, similarity and gender. Willis (1996) reported in his research that young people are more like to approach one another closer and as people tend to age the more personal space is recorded. A closer more intimate space is seen in opposite-sex pairs (Aiello 1987; Crawford and Unger 2000; Hall 1984; Heshka and Nelson 1972). From this finding, researchers conclude that when people interact in closer distances they have an attraction or interpersonal relationship. Dominance, power, and status are also said lead to lower interpersonal distance. Similarities in race, sexual preference, religions are also factors that contribute to a closer interpersonal distance (Bell et al., 2001).