Social Science : A Study Of Human, History, Ideology And Mythistory, And Answers

Is it racism or economics which hinders many African American communities from progressing economically in the 21st Century? This research proposal will address this question by examining the social and psychological impact caused by racism and the economic impact it’s had on the African American community. This proposal will further investigate whether the emotional scars of slavery continue to hamper African American progress or if racism is actually the cause.

Before examining the history of African-American isolation in the United States, it will be useful to discuss some of the contemporary forms of implicit, structural discrimination, segregation, and isolation facing African-Americans as a means of demonstrating how the dramatic social upheaval which resulted

The root cause of the problems and issues that faced African Americans from the beginning of the Reconstruction Period well into the 20th century “is the problem of the color-line, -the relation of the darker to the lighter races of men in Asia and Africa, in America and the islands of the sea” (W.E.B. Du Bois, The Souls of the Black Folk, 1903). The most obvious root cause for racism problems and issues African Americans face is white supremacy.

At this time there were many sociologists to investigate the social, economic, and cultural impact of the second great migration, of African Americans travels from the South. (The African American Experience, pg. 1) This study had 3 main focuses on what they wanted to know, how well the African Americans adjusted to the Northern and more urbanized structure of life, the absolute causes of the migration, and to know the impact that the African American migration of post World War II era had on race relations, and conflicts amongst races. (The African American Experience, pg. 1) To do this study many factors had to be taken into account such as the settlement patterns of the African Americans once they migrated, their living conditions, the relationship the African Americans had between their families, any little habit they might have done, histories about their employment, education structures and facilities, and anything else that might help in research. (The African American Experience, pg. 1) Through documenting this all, sociologists have seen as well all the devastating truths that this Second Great Migration had to bring along, things such as the prostitution, unemployment, juvenile delinquency, and racial violence were brought with the migration. (The African American Experience, pg. 1)

A cycle is evident in the effects of Institutional Racism; lack of education leads to no job or low income wages, which then proceeds to poor housing and poor medical care, which ultimately results in death. Richard Rothson of The American Prospect spoke on the situation occurring in Baltimore City. Recently the government adopted a restriction against black Americans purchasing houses in the same suburbs as white Americans. Federal housing subsidy policies going as far as to direct low income, black families to segregated neighbourhoods away from mid-class suburbs. When interviewed, Baltimore’s mayor claimed, “Blacks should be quarantined in isolated slums in order to reduce spread of communicable disease into white neighbourhoods, and to protect white values among white majority.” This set of circumstances is related to discrimination in political figures as well as no employment and lack of education. Failure in education, according to usnews.com, talks about how African-American children are at a disadvantage in school curriculums, leaving them improperly educated, which results in lack of employment. This revolves back to the housing crisis in Baltimore, furthermore providing the facts that when an African-American person isn’t hired from an employer, based on the idea of limited education factors, they are segregated to a low income wage community, which can often be proclaimed as

Intro: The American Dream attracts many people from all over the world, people have an image that living in America grants them the life of their dreams, but does living in america really grant people the perfect life? The Case For Reparations by Coates explains how African Americans have struggled in the past with racism and discrimination. He goes on to talk about their lives during slavery and post slavery, and how African Americans are unemployed and undereducated. Aja ET AL.’s essay From A Tangle Of Pathology To A Race Fair America also talks about the lives of African Americans, the discrimination, segregation, and unemployment. They both go on explaining how Blacks are always discriminated against and are not given equal

According to table two (Reardon and Bischoff p. 25) black, families income segregation grew rapidly within the 1970-1980’s, at a rate that was three times faster than the corresponding growth of white income segregation (Bischoff and Reardon p.26). On average black income segregation was about ⅓ SD lower than white income segregation. Figure 4 (Reardon and Bischoff p. 27) further proves that both blacks who had jobs ranging from working with manufacturing companies, construction, financial aid, real estate and even managerial and professional jobs earned four times less than whites who were within the same position. Only two percent of black families who had the same jobs as whites were earning the same annual income. In addition, to the figure it is shown that whites who have just high school diplomas earn twice as much as blacks who also have high school diplomas. This discrimination many workplaces have set has limited blacks from getting jobs and providing for their families. This is one of the many reasons as of to why many result of criminal activities in order to support their families. Almost all whites are given that privilege that opportunity no matter what their situation is, they are helped by society and taken in, neutered, healthy and then placed back into society. While blacks on the other hand, are expected to figure things out and

In this research article written by Paul Croll, he has researched about the racial inequality between African American and whites. For the past several decades, national surveys have documented explanations for African American disadvantage but have not collected data on explanations for white advantage. Croll’s research uses national survey data to examine explanations for both sides of racial inequality and identifies which factors are believed to be most important in explaining white advantage, finding that racial attitudes are complex and are dependent upon the specific situation and context.

Another premise in this review focuses on the significant divergences of opinions about the plight of the African American’s situation here in America. Some scholars are asking, how has this new pattern of inequality for the African American emerged? Many scholars point to the decline of middle level jobs (Harrison & Bluestone 1988), the redistribution of manufacturing jobs away from large cities like Chicago and Detroit, where many jobless blacks live (Sassen 1988), and the rise of earnings inequality among workers of all races (Danziger & Gottschalk 1993) as causes. One manifestation of these changes may be that gains in earnings have been offset by a growing racial disparity in unemployment between black and white men (Moss & Tilly 1991).

After researching the topic, Williams also concludes that “Segregation has limited the employment opportunities and adversely impacted income levels for African Americans”(Williams 248). When it is significantly harder for minorities to find employment opportunities and high paying jobs, it points towards racism. When individuals can not get a job they are nearly at the bottom of the social ladder due to their race. The “limited employment opportunities” and how they impact “income levels” for minorities are not due to coincidence or chance, but rather a deep hidden law of racism. Racism’s impact on society leads to poor mental health and a lower chance of receiving a high paying job in American society

The color of their skin, regardless of abolishment of slavery and social and economic well being was the only obstacle they faced every day to achieve the same opportunities as the whites did and other immigrants. George Edmund Haynes article, “Conditions Among Negroes in the Cities,” investigates reason and explains why certain situation were often ignored, He states, “There is growing up in the cities of America a distinct Negro world, isolated from many of the impulses of the common life and little known and understood by the white world about it” (110). Flaws of their culture and color of their skin affected African Americans as urban dwellers. As Haynes states, they had

In his discussion on poverty among African Americans, William Wilson has identified several historical factors that have contributed to the increase in poverty levels in the recent years. Such factors included, first, shift in the American economy from industrial to informational economy, thus limited the labor poll to only highly specialized individuals; second, the historical flow of migrants, and what it bring with it from competition over limited amount of resources; third, change in the urban minority age structure, where individuals who are underage are the majority in both Hispanic and African American poor communities, Fourth, population change in the inner city; and finally, the class transformation of inner city, where middle class African Americans, have left the inner city and moved towards other middle class neighborhoods, thus, leaving behind a concentration of poor and underclass African Americans in inner cities all across the United States.

In George Edmund Haynes’ Conditions among Negroes in the Cities and Whitney M. Young, Jr.’s The Urban League and Its Strategy, the authors present determine factors of racial inequality in the American cities. In addition, providing concrete solutions to the societal epidemic that swept across America.

Majority of the African Americans living in cities throughout North America suffered from economic and social inequality. In addition, due to poverty and degrading public service in these urban areas, where the residents were exposed to poor living conditions, unemployment, chronic health problems,

Many African American families are reared by single family households normally the mother. African Americans are about twice as unemployed as White Americans lead to our over representation in poverty families and underrepresented in high social economic societies. The educational lack between African American cultures compared to other cultures is the influence that history holds. Previous reviews focus on the gaps that African Americans face, but provide no reasoning.